DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
As of August 15, 2016, the total amount of our authorized common stock consisted of 300,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, and we had 119,443,442 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, of which 87,557,952 was held by the Principal Stockholders, and no shares of preferred stock were issued or outstanding. As of July 31, 2016, we had 44 stockholders of record of common stock and had outstanding options to purchase 8,324,151 shares of common stock.
The discussion set forth below describes our capital stock, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws. We urge you to read the full text of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws, which are included as exhibits to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Common Stock
Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders and do not have cumulative voting rights. An election of directors by our stockholders shall be determined by a plurality of the votes cast by the stockholders entitled to vote on the election. Holders of common stock are entitled to receive proportionately any dividends as may be declared by our board of directors, subject to any preferential dividend rights of any series of preferred stock that is outstanding at the time of the dividend.
In the event of our liquidation or dissolution, the holders of common stock are entitled to receive proportionately our net assets available for distribution to stockholders after payment of all debts and other liabilities, subject to the prior rights of any outstanding preferred stock.
The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of common stock are subject to the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we may designate and issue in the future.
Preferred Stock
Under our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our board of directors has the authority, without further action by our stockholders, except as described below, to issue up to 15,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the voting powers, designations, preferences and the relative participating, optional or other special rights and qualifications, limitations and restrictions of each series, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences and the number of shares constituting any series. Because the board of directors has the power to establish the preferences and rights of the shares of any additional series of preferred stock, it may afford holders of any preferred stock preferences, powers and rights, including voting and dividend rights, senior to the rights of the holders of the common stock, which could adversely affect the holders of the common stock and could discourage a takeover of us even if a change of control of our company would be beneficial to the interests of our stockholders.
Anti-takeover Effects of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”) and our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our bylaws contain provisions that may delay, defer or discourage another party from acquiring control of us. We expect that these provisions, which are summarized below, will discourage coercive takeover practices or inadequate takeover bids. These provisions are also designed to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with the board of directors, which we believe may result in an improvement of the terms of any such acquisition in favor of our stockholders. However, they also give the board of directors the power to discourage acquisitions that some stockholders may favor.
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