Fair Value Measurements and Marketable Securities | 3. Fair Value Measurements and Marketable Securities Fair Value Measurements The Company’s cash equivalents are generally classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. The Company’s investments in marketable securities are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The fair values of the Company’s marketable securities are generally based on prices obtained from independent pricing sources. Consistent with the fair value hierarchy described above, securities with validated quotes from pricing services are generally reflected within Level 2, as they are primarily based on observable pricing for similar assets and/or other market observable inputs. Typical inputs used by these pricing services include, but are not limited to, reported trades, benchmark yields, issuer spreads, bids, offers and/or estimates cash flow, prepayment spreads and default rates. The following tables present information about the Company’s financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and indicate the level of the fair value hierarchy utilized to determine such fair values: Fair Value Measurements as of June 30, 2017 using: Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Cash equivalents: Money market funds $ 22,563 $ — $ — $ 22,563 Commercial paper — 2,499 — 2,499 Total cash equivalents 22,563 2,499 — 25,062 Marketable securities: Corporate bonds — 11,210 — 11,210 U.S. government securities — 11,218 — 11,218 Total marketable securities — 22,428 — 22,428 Total cash equivalents and marketable securities $ 22,563 $ 24,927 $ — $ 47,490 Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2016 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Cash equivalents: Money market funds $ 22,988 $ — $ — $ 22,988 U.S. government securities — 7,246 — 7,246 Total cash equivalents 22,988 7,246 — 30,234 Marketable securities: Commercial paper — 15,814 — 15,814 Corporate Bonds — 13,671 — 13,671 U.S. government securities — 18,230 — 18,230 Total marketable securities — 47,715 — 47,715 Total cash equivalents and marketable securities $ 22,988 $ 54,961 $ — $ 77,949 During the six months ended June 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016, there were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2. The carrying amounts reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheets for accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities. The carrying value of the Company’s outstanding notes payable approximates fair value (a Level 2 fair value measurement), reflecting interest rates currently available to the Company. Marketable Securities The following tables summarize the Company’s marketable securities as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016: Fair Value Measurements as of June 30, 2017 using: Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Loss Fair Value Assets: Corporate Bonds (due within 1 year) $ 11,222 $ — $ (12 ) $ 11,210 U.S. government securities (due within 1 year) 11,254 — (36 ) 11,218 $ 22,476 $ — $ (48 ) $ 22,428 Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2016 using: Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Loss Fair Value Assets: Commercial paper (due within 1 year) $ 15,814 $ — $ — $ 15,814 Corporate Bonds (due within 1 year) 9,182 — (10 ) 9,172 U.S. government securities (due within 1 year) 7,002 — — 7,002 Corporate Bonds (due after 1 year through 2 years) 4,512 — (12 ) 4,500 U.S. government securities (due after 1 year through 2 years) 11,256 — (29 ) 11,227 $ 47,766 $ — $ (51 ) $ 47,715 |