Stock-based Compensation | 8. Stock-based Compensation In October 2020, the Company’s stockholders approved the Company’s 2020 Incentive Award Plan (the “2020 Plan”). The 2020 Plan provided for the initial issuance of up to 7,924,000 shares of common stock and for grant of incentive stock options or other incentive awards to employees, officers, directors and consultants of the Company. The number of shares of common stock that may be issued under the 2020 Plan is also subject to increase on the first day of each calendar year equal to the lesser of i) 5 % of the aggregate number of shares of common stock outstanding on the final day of the immediately preceding calendar year or ii) such smaller number of shares of common stock as is determined by the board of directors. In January 2022 and 2021, the shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2020 Plan were increased by 4,155,136 and 4,130,847 shares, respectively. The 2020 Plan replaced and is the successor of the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (the “2013 Plan”). Any cancellation of outstanding option awards to purchase up to 5,982,266 shares of common stock under the 2013 Plan will be made available for grant under 2020 Plan. As of September 30, 2022 , there were 8,102,653 shares of common stock remaining available for future issuance under the 2020 Plan. Stock Options During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company granted 358,500 and 3,740,917 options, respectively, to employees with an aggregate grant date fair market value of $ 2,188 and $ 19,217 , respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, 127,212 and 611,325 options were cancelled due to terminations. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company granted 206,000 and 3,440,295 options, respectively, to employees with an aggregate grant date fair market value of $ 3,933 and $ 136,216 , respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, 159,183 and 292,517 options were cancelled due to terminations. Restricted Stock Units During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company granted 0 and 182,350 restricted stock units, respectively, to employees with an aggregate grant date fair market value of $ 0 and $ 1,302 , respectively. The restricted stock unit awards vest in three annual installments, the first of which will occur on January 31, 2023. No restricted stock units were granted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, 600 and 20,600 restricted stock units, respectively, were cancelled due to terminations. Performance-based Restricted Stock Units During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company granted 0 and 742,070 performance-based restricted stock units, respectively, to employees with an aggregate grant date fair market value of $ 0 and $ 5,298 , respectively. No performance-based restricted stock units were granted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. The performance stock unit awards provide for a performance period from February 1, 2022 through January 31, 2025 to complete up to six defined performance metrics. The percentage of awards eligible to vest will be determined based on the number of metrics achieved during the performance period and may range from 0 % to 200 %. The Company has not recognized any compensation expense through September 30, 2022, as the minimum performance criteria had not been achieved. The vesting of any eligible awards will occur in equal installments on January 31, 2025 and January 31, 2026. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, 0 and 17,100 restricted stock units, respectively, were cancelled due to terminations. Employee Stock Purchase Plan In October 2020, the Company’s shareholders approved the 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "ESPP"), which became effective upon the closing of the Company’s initial public offering in November 2020. The Company initially reserved a total of 1,187,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the ESPP. The ESPP provides that the number of shares reserved and available for issuance under the ESPP will be increased on January 1 of each calendar year by 1 % of the number of shares of common stock issued and outstanding on the immediately preceding December 31 or such lesser amount as specified by the compensation committee of the board of directors. To date, there has been no increase in the number of shares reserved for issuance under the ESPP. In April 2022, the Company initiated its first offering period under the ESPP. Each offering period is six months in duration with the purchase date being the last day of the offering period. On September 30, 2022, the first offering period concluded and the Company issued 29,036 shares of its common stock for proceeds of $ 140 . Stock-based Compensation Expense Stock-based compensation expense by award type included within the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) was as follows: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2022 2021 2022 2021 Stock options $ 11,362 $ 10,990 $ 34,727 $ 28,270 Restricted stock units 97 — 256 — Performance-based stock units — — — — Employee stock purchase plan 45 — 90 — Total stock-based compensation expense $ 11,504 $ 10,990 $ 35,073 $ 28,270 Stock-based compensation expense is classified as follows: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2022 2021 2022 2021 Research and development expense $ 5,370 $ 5,022 $ 16,390 $ 12,793 General and administrative 6,134 5,968 18,683 15,477 Total stock-based compensation expense $ 11,504 $ 10,990 $ 35,073 $ 28,270 |