Stock-Based Compensation | 9 . Stock-Based Compensation The Company has granted non-qualified and incentive stock options, restricted stock units and restricted stock awards under its incentive plans. In May 2020, the Company’s stockholders approved the Third Amendment to the Grubhub Inc. 2015 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”) which increased the aggregate number of shares that may be issued under the 2015 Plan by 3,500,000 shares. As of June 30, 2020, there were 6,112,923 shares of common stock authorized and available for issuance pursuant to awards granted under the Grubhub Inc. 2015 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”). Stock-based Compensation Expense The total stock-based compensation expense related to all stock-based awards was $21.0 million and $20.0 million during the three months ended June 30, 2020 As of June 30, 2020, $214.0 million of total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.8 years. Excess tax benefits (deficiencies) reflect the total realized value of the Company’s tax deductions from individual stock option exercise transactions and the vesting of restricted stock units in excess (deficient) of the deferred tax assets that were previously recorded. During the three months ended June 30, 2020 and the Company recognized tax deficiencies from stock-based compensation of $1.6 million and excess tax benefits of $1.1 million, respectively , and tax deficiencies of $4.1 million and excess tax benefits of $3.4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively , within income tax benefit in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and within cash flows from operating activities in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. The Company capitalized stock-based compensation expense as website and software development costs of $5.1 million and $4.0 Stock Options The Company granted 264,245 and 333,929 stock options under the 2015 Plan during the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The fair value of each stock option award was estimated based on the assumptions below as of the grant date using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. Expected volatility is based on the historical and implied volatilities of the Company’s own common stock The Company uses historical data to estimate option exercises and employee terminations within the valuation model. Separate groups of employees that have similar historical exercise behavior are considered separately for valuation purposes. The risk-free rate for the period within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant The assumptions used to determine the fair value of the stock options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 were as follows: Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 2019 Weighted-average fair value options granted $ 20.46 $ 30.91 Average risk-free interest rate 1.26 % 2.42 % Expected stock price volatility 49.6 % 48.3 % Dividend yield None None Expected stock option life (years) 4.00 4.00 Stock option awards as of December 31, 2019 and June 30, 2020, and changes during the ended , were as follows Options Weighted-Average Exercise Price Aggregate Intrinsic Value (thousands) Weighted-Average Exercise Term (years) Outstanding at December 31, 2019 2,750,275 $ 38.74 $ 50,737 6.28 Granted 264,245 51.59 Forfeited (50,090 ) 70.26 Exercised (146,556 ) 24.94 Outstanding at June 30, 2020 2,817,874 40.10 93,703 6.12 Vested and expected to vest at June 30, 2020 2,749,366 39.57 92,732 6.06 Exercisable at June 30, 2020 2,122,175 $ 32.92 $ 83,954 5.35 The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (the difference between the fair value of the common stock and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options) that would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their in-the-money options on each date. This amount will change in future periods based on the fair value of the Company’s stock and the number of options outstanding. was $2.3 June 30, 2020 . The Company recorded compensation expense for stock options of $2.7 million and $5.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 Restricted Stock Units Non-vested restricted stock units as of December 31, 2019 June 30, 2020 six months June 30, 2020 Restricted Stock Units Shares Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Outstanding at December 31, 2019 3,096,025 $ 70.62 Granted 2,007,254 50.46 Forfeited (259,335 ) 68.61 Vested (796,667 ) 68.04 Outstanding at June 30, 2020 4,047,277 $ 61.25 C ompensation expense related to restricted stock units was $18.3 million and $14.9 million during the three months ended June 30, 2020 during the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively June 30, 2020 2019 during the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively June 30, 2020 |