Stock-Based Compensation | 8. Stock-Based Compensation Equity Incentive Plans As of March 31, 2016 and September 30, 2015, the Company had three equity incentive plans, all of which are sponsored by the Company. On March 20, 2014, the Company's board of directors approved the adoption of the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2014 Plan"). Under the 2014 Plan, the Company had initially reserved a total of 1.0 million shares of common stock plus the remaining unissued shares under the Company's 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2012 Plan"), which was adopted in November 2012 and was replaced by the 2014 Plan. The 2014 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options (ISOs), nonstatutory stock options (NSOs), stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, stock bonus awards, performance-based stock awards, and other forms of equity compensation, all of which may be granted to employees (including officers), non-employee directors and consultants of the Company. The Company also sponsored the 2002 Stock Option Plan that expired in 2012. On January 1 of each year during the ten -year term of the 2014 Plan, the number of shares of common stock issuable under the 2014 Plan will be automatically increased by an amount equal to up to 4% of the number of shares of common stock outstanding as of the preceding December 31, or such lesser number agreed to by the Company’s board of directors. On January 11, 2016 and January 16, 2015, the Company’s board of directors authorized an increase of 888,776 and 722,834 shares to be added to the total number of shares of common stock issuable under the 2014 Plan. As of March 31, 2016 and September 30, 2015, the Company had reserved 4,564,068 and 3,745,373 shares of common stock for issuance pursuant to the Corium Plans and had 1,121,886 and 830,396 shares of common stock available for grant pursuant to the 2014 Plan. The term “Corium Plans” refers to the 2014 Plan, the 2012 Plan and the 2002 Stock Option Plan. The exercise price of each option granted under the Corium Plans is required to be no less than the fair market value of the Company's common stock on the date of the grant. The maximum term of the options is ten years and the vesting period is typically four years. The restricted stock unit awards granted under the 2014 Plan typically vest over a four -year period. A summary of activity under the Corium Plans during the six months ended March 31, 2016 is as follows: Weighted Weighted Average Stock Options Average Remaining Aggregate and Awards Exercise Contractual Intrinsic Value Outstanding Price Life (Years) (In thousands) Balance - September 30, 2015 $ $ Options granted $ Restricted stock unit awards granted $ Options exercised $ Options forfeited / cancelled $ Balance - March 31, 2016 $ $ — Options and awards exercisable - March 31, 2016 $ $ Options and awards vested and expected to vest - March 31, 2016 $ $ — All outstanding stock options under the Corium Plans as of March 31, 2016 have an exercise price between $2.12 and $14.12 per share. The weighted-average fair value of the stock options granted for the six months ended March 31, 2016 were estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions: Six Months Ended March 31, 2016 Expected term (in years) - Risk-free interest rate % - % Expected volatility % - % Expected dividend rate % Expected Term — The expected term represents the period that the stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding before exercise or cancellation. As the Company's historical share exercise experience has not yet provided a reasonable basis upon which to estimate expected term because of a lack of sufficient data points, the Company estimated the expected term by using the midpoint between the vesting commencement date and the contractual expiration period of the stock-based awards. Risk-Free Interest Rate —The risk-free interest rate is based on the constant maturity yields of U.S. Treasury notes with remaining maturities similar to the expected term. Expected Volatility —Because the Company has limited information on the volatility of its common stock due to a lack of significant trading history and limited historical data regarding the volatility of its common stock, the expected volatility used is based on the volatility of a group of comparable publicly-traded companies. In evaluating comparability, the Company considered factors such as industry, stage of life cycle and size. The Company will continue to analyze the historical stock price volatility and term assumptions as more historical data for the Company's common stock becomes available. Expected Dividend Rate —The Company has never paid any dividends, does not plan to pay dividends in the foreseeable future, and, therefore, uses an expected dividend rate of zero in the valuation model. 2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan On March 20, 2014, the Company's board of directors approved the adoption of the 2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "2014 ESPP"). On January 1 of each year during the ten -year term of the plan, the number of shares issuable under the 2014 ESPP can be increased by an amount equal to up to 1% of the number of shares of common stock and common stock equivalents outstanding as of the preceding December 31, or a lesser number as agreed to by the Company’s board of directors. No more than 4.0 million shares may be issued over the ten -year t erm of the 2014 ESPP without the consent of the Company's stockholders. Shares subject to purchase rights granted under the Company's 2014 ESPP that terminate without having been exercised in full will not reduce the number of shares available for issuance under the Company's 2014 ESPP. The 2014 ESPP is intended to qualify as an "employee stock purchase plan" under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 with the purpose of providing employees with an opportunity to purchase the Company's common stock through accumulated payroll deductions. As of March 31, 2016 and September 30, 2015, 573,402 and 372,529 shares of common stock were available for issuance pursuant to the 2014 ESPP. For the three and six months ended March 31, 2016 , the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $ 61,000 and $138,000 , compared to $111,000 and $275,000 for the corresponding periods in 2015 related to the 2014 ESPP. For the six months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company issued 56,758 and 61,042 shares of common stock to employees related to the 2014 ESPP. The fair value of the purchase rights granted under the 2014 ESPP between April 2, 2014 and November 20, 2015 were estimated by applying the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to each of the four purchase periods in each offering period using the following assumptions: Six Months Ended March 31, 2016 Fair value of common stock $ – $ Grant price $ – $ Expected term (in years) – Expected volatility % – % Risk-free interest rate % – % Expected dividend rate % Fair Value of Common Stock —The fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the first day of each offering period, or $5.49 for the offering period commencing November 20, 2014 and $6.78 for the offering period commencing on November 20, 2015. Grant Price — 85% of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the first day of each offering period, or $4.67 for the offering period commencing November 20, 2014 and $5.76 for the offering period commencing November 20, 2015. Expected Terms —The expected terms are based on the end dates of the four purchase periods of each ESPP offering period, which are six , twelve , eighteen and twenty-four months from the commencement of each new offering period. Expected Volatility —Because the Company has limited information on the volatility of its common stock due to a lack of significant trading history and limited historical data regarding the volatility of its common stock, the expected volatility used is based on the volatility of a group of comparable publicly-traded companies. In evaluating comparability, the Company considered factors such as industry, stage of life cycle and size. The Company will continue to analyze the historical stock price volatility and term assumptions as more historical data for the Company's common stock becomes available. Risk-Free Interest Rate —The risk-free interest rate is based on the constant maturity yields of U.S. Treasury notes with remaining maturities similar to each expected term. Expected Dividend Rate —The Company has never paid any dividends, does not plan to pay dividends in the foreseeable future, and, therefore, uses an expected dividend rate of zero in the valuation model. Stock-Based Compensation Expense Employee stock-based compensation expense for the three and six months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 is classified in the condensed statements of operations and comprehensive loss as follows (in thousands): Three months ended March 31, Six Months Ended March 31, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Cost of product revenues $ $ $ $ Cost of contract research and development revenues Research and development General and administrative Total stock-based compensation $ $ $ $ As of March 31, 2016 , there was a total of $6.7 million of unrecognized employee stock-based compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, related to unvested awards, which is expected to be recognized on a straight-line basis over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.6 years. |