considers whether it is responsible for the good or service meeting customer specifications, has inventory risk and sets pricing.
Unbilled receivables and contract liabilities are recorded on the accompanying balance sheets. Unbilled receivables represent revenue recognized on uncompleted longer-term fixed-price contracts in excess of billings and are contract assets. Conversely, contract liabilities represent contract consideration received in excess of revenue recognized.
As of March 31, 2019, the Company had $175,600,000 of remaining performance obligations, which is also referred to as total backlog. Of that total backlog, the Company expects to recognize approximately 68% in the nine months ended December 31, 2019.
As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, there were $6,000,000 and $2,700,000, respectively, of revenues in excess of billings and $76,800,000 and $42,900,000, respectively, of billings in excess of revenues on long-term contracts in the balance sheets.
In some circumstances, customers are billed in advance of revenue recognition, resulting in contract liabilities. As of December 31, 2018, total contract liabilities were $42,900,000. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the year was $34,000,000. As of March 31, 2019, total contract liabilities were $76,800,000.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation awards based on the fair value as of the grant date estimated in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC 718,Compensation—Stock Compensation. The Company recognizes compensation expense for stock-based compensation awards over the requisite service period of the award.
Income Taxes
Income taxes in the financial statements generally consist of taxes currently due and deferred taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities result from timing differences between the recognition of income and expense for financial reporting and income tax purposes. The estimated future tax consequences of these timing differences are recorded as deferred tax assets and liabilities in the financial statements. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it ismore-likely-than-not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The deferred taxes are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which the timing differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date of such change.
The Company recognizes the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it ismore-likely-than-not that the position will be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefit that is recorded for these positions is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company adjusts the level of the liability to reflect any subsequent changes in the relevant facts surrounding the uncertain positions. Any interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions are included within the tax provision.
Self-Insurance Programs
The Company self-insures for certain levels of employee medical coverage. The Company makes an estimate of costs incurred but not yet reported. These estimates are based upon historical experience. Changes in estimate are recognized within the period identified.
F-9