| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. All cash and cash equivalents comprised readily accessible cash balances except for $7.2 million and $5.04 million at June 30, 2018 and March 31, 2018, respectively, held in a cash reserve account pursuant to the indenture governing the Company’s 12% Senior Secured Notes (“the Secured Notes”) and $308 and $320 at June 30, 2018 and March 31, 2018, respectively, held in a restricted account as security for the property rental obligations of the Company’s Swiss subsidiary. Short-term Investments Short-term investments represent investments in a money-market fund which is valued daily and which has no minimum notice period for withdrawals. The fund is invested in a portfolio of holdings and the creditworthiness requirement for individual investment holdings is a minimum of an A rating from a leading credit-rating agency. The Company records the value of its investment in the fund based on the quoted value of the fund at the balance sheet date. Unrealized gains or losses are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss and are transferred to the statement of comprehensive loss when they are realized. Trade Accounts Receivable Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and are not interest bearing. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts to reserve for potentially uncollectible trade receivables. Movements in the allowance for doubtful accounts are recorded in general and administrative expenses. The Company reviews its trade receivables to identify specific customers with known disputes or collectability issues. In addition, the Company maintains an allowance for all other receivables not included in the specific reserve by applying specific rates of projected uncollectible receivables to the various aging categories. In determining these percentages, the Company analyzes its historical collection experience, customer credit-worthiness, current economic trends and changes in customer payment terms. Concentration of Credit Risks and Other Uncertainties The carrying amounts for financial instruments consisting of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to their short maturities. Derivative instruments, consisting of foreign exchange contracts, and short-term investments are stated at their estimated fair values, based on quoted market prices for the same or similar instruments. The counterparties to the foreign exchange contracts consist of large financial institutions of high credit standing. The short-term investments are invested in a fund which is invested in a portfolio of holdings and the creditworthiness requirement for individual investment holdings is a minimum of an A rating from a leading credit-rating agency. The Company’s main financial institutions for banking operations hold all of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents as of June 30, 2018 and at March 31, 2018. The Company’s accounts receivable are derived from net revenue to customers and distributors located in the United States and other countries. The Company performs credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition. The Company provides reserves for potential credit losses but has not experienced significant losses to date. There was one customer whose accounts receivable balance represented 10% or more of total accounts receivable, net, as of June 30, 2018 and March 31, 2018. This customer represented 42% and 51% of the accounts receivable balances as of June 30, 2018 and March 31, 2018, respectively. The Company currently sells products through its direct sales force and through third-party distributors. There was one customer that accounted for 10% or more of total product sales for the quarters ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017. This customer represented 59% of total product sales for the quarter ended June 30, 2018 and 65% for the quarter ended June 30, 2017. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company’s valuation techniques used to measure fair value maximized the use of observable inputs and minimized the use of unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy is based on the following three levels of inputs:
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Level 1—Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
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Level 2—Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
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Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. See Note 6, “Commitment and Contingencies,” for information and related disclosures regarding the Company’s fair value measurements. Inventory Inventory is stated at the lower of standard cost (which approximates actual cost) or market, with cost determined on the first-in-first-out method. Accordingly, allocation of fixed production overheads to conversion costs is based on normal capacity of production. Abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs and spoilage are expensed as incurred and not included in overhead. No stock-based compensation cost was included in inventory as of June 30, 2018 and March 31, 2018. Property and Equipment Property, equipment and leasehold improvements are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the related assets as follows:
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Plant, machinery and equipment—4 to 25 years;
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Leasehold improvements—the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the asset. Repairs and maintenance expenditures, which are not considered improvements and do not extend the useful life of property and equipment, are expensed as incurred. Intangible Assets and Goodwill Intangible assets related to product licenses are recorded at cost, less accumulated amortization. Intangible assets related to technology and other intangible assets acquired in acquisitions are recorded at fair value at the date of acquisition, less accumulated amortization. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives, on a straight-line basis as follows: Customer relationships—5 years Brands associated with acquired cell lines—40 years Product licenses—10 years Other intangibles assets—7 years The Company reviews its intangible assets for impairment and conducts an impairment review when events or circumstances indicate the carrying value of a long-lived asset may be impaired by estimating the future undiscounted cash flows to be derived from an asset to assess whether or not a potential impairment exists. No impairment losses have been recorded in either of the quarters ended June 30, 2018 or June 30, 2017. Revenue Recognition Revenue is recognized in accordance with ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Product revenue is recognized at a point in time upon transfer of control of a product to a customer, which is generally at the time of delivery at an amount based on the transaction price. Customers have no right of return except in the case of damaged goods and the Company has not experienced any significant returns of its products. Shipping and handling costs are expensed as incurred and included in cost of product sales. In those cases where the Company bills shipping and handling costs to customers, the amounts billed are classified as revenue. Revenue is also earned from the provision of development services to a small number of original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”) customers. These development service contracts are reviewed individually to determine the nature of the performance obligations and the associated transaction prices. In recent years, product development revenues have been commensurate with achieving milestones specified in the respective development agreements relating to those products. These milestones may include the approval of new products by the European or U.S. regulatory authorities, which are not within the Company’s control. While there can be no assurance that this will continue to be the case, the milestones have been such that they effectively represent full performance of a particular part of a development program and, as a result, the milestone-related revenues have been recognized as the contractual milestones are achieved. Pursuant to an Umbrella Supply Agreement with Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics, Inc. (“Ortho”), in June 2013, the Company executed a product attachment relating to the development of a range of rare antisera products. This product attachment was amended in August 2016. During the year ended March 31, 2018, the Company recognized a milestone of $600 related to the receipt of FDA approval of certain rare antisera products. The Company is entitled to receive a milestone payment of $1,500 upon the updating of the FDA approvals to cover use of the products on Ortho’s automation platforms. In January 2015, the Company entered into a supply and distribution agreement with Ortho related to the commercialization and distribution of certain MosaiQ The Company has concluded that as each of these milestones require significant levels of development work to be undertaken and there was no certainty at the start of the projects that the development work would be successful, these milestones are substantive and the revenue will be recognized when the milestones are achieved. In the quarter ended June 30, 2018, revenue recognized from performance obligations related to prior periods was not material and, at June 30, 2018, revenue expected to be recognized in future periods related to remaining performance obligations was also not material. Research and Development Research and development expenses consist of costs incurred for company-sponsored and collaborative research and development activities. These costs include direct and research-related overhead expenses. The Company expenses research and development costs, including the expenses for research under collaborative agreements, as such costs are incurred. Where government grants or tax credits are available, the income concerned is included as a credit against the related expense. Stock-Based Compensation Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service periods in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss. In determining fair value of the stock-based compensation payments, the Company uses the Black–Scholes model and a single option award approach for share options and a barrier option pricing model for multi-year performance based restricted share units (“MRSUs”), both of which require the input of subjective assumptions. These assumptions include: the fair value of the underlying share, estimating the length of time employees will retain their awards before exercising them (expected term), the estimated volatility of the Company’s ordinary shares price over the expected term (expected volatility), risk-free interest rate (interest rate), expected dividends and the number of shares subject to awards that will ultimately not complete their vesting requirements (forfeitures). Share Warrants As of June 30, 2018, the Company had three classes of warrants to purchase ordinary shares outstanding: (i) warrants that were issued in December 2013 and August 2015 in connection with the establishment or increase of the Company’s then existing secured term loan facility; (ii) warrants issued in October 2017 as part of the private placement of ordinary shares in October 2017, and (iii) pre-funded warrants issued in October 2017 as part of the private placement of ordinary shares in October 2017. The exercise term for the warrants issued in October 2017 as part of the private placement of ordinary shares in October 2017 expired on July 31, 2018. None of these warrants contain or contained any obligation to transfer value and, as such, the issuance of these warrants has been recorded in additional paid in capital as part of shareholders’ equity. Leases At the inception of each lease, the Company reviews the terms of the lease in accordance with ASC 840 Leases Rentals relating to operating leases are expensed over the life of the lease. Rental incentives and the gain on the sale and leaseback of the manufacturing facility near Edinburgh, Scotland completed in March 2018, are included within deferred lease rental benefit in the balance sheet and amortized over the life of the related lease. Derivative Financial Instruments In the normal course of business, the Company’s financial position is routinely subjected to market risk associated with foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. The Company’s policy is to mitigate the effect of these exchange rate fluctuations on certain foreign currency denominated business exposures. The Company has a policy that allows the use of derivative financial instruments to hedge foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on forecasted revenue denominated in foreign currencies. The Company carries derivative financial instruments (derivatives) on the balance sheet at their fair values. The Company does not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes. The Company does not believe that it is exposed to more than a nominal amount of credit risk in its foreign currency hedges, as counterparties are large, global and well-capitalized financial institutions. To hedge foreign currency risks, the Company uses foreign currency exchange forward contracts, where possible and prudent. These forward contracts are valued using standard valuation formulas with assumptions about future foreign currency exchange rates derived from existing exchange rates, interest rates, and other market factors. The Company considers its most current forecast in determining the level of foreign currency denominated revenue to hedge as cash flow hedges. The Company combines these forecasts with historical trends to establish the portion of its expected volume to be hedged. The revenue and expenses are hedged and designated as cash flow hedges to protect the Company from exposures to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. If the underlying forecasted transaction does not occur, or it becomes probable that it will not occur, the related hedge gains and losses on the cash flow hedge are reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss at that time. Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes using an asset and liability approach, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the consolidated financial statements, but have not been reflected in taxable income. A valuation allowance is established to reduce deferred tax assets to their estimated realizable value. Therefore, the Company provides a valuation allowance to the extent that is more likely than not that it will generate sufficient taxable income in future periods to realize the benefit of its deferred tax assets. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as noncurrent on the balance sheet. On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, or the TCJA, was enacted. This tax reform legislation made significant changes in U.S. tax law including a reduction in the corporate tax rates, changes to net operating loss carryforwards and carrybacks, and a repeal of the corporate alternative minimum tax. The legislation reduced the U.S. corporate tax rate from the rate of 34% to 21% effective on January 1, 2018. As a result, the Company revalued its U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities at the 21% rate with effect from January 1, 2018. This revaluation and also the other provisions of the TCJA did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Debt Issuance Costs and Royalty Rights The Company follows the requirements of Accounting Standards Update 2015-03, Interest — Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30) — Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs, which requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the debt liability rather than as an asset. The royalty rights agreements entered into with subscribers to the two issuances of the Secured Notes are treated as sales of future revenues that meet the requirements of Accounting Standards Codification Topic 470 “ Debt” Pension Obligation The Company maintains a pension plan covering employees in Switzerland pursuant to the requirements of Swiss pension law. Certain aspects of the plan require that it be accounted for as a defined benefit plan pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification Topic, 715 Compensation – Retirement Benefits The Company uses an actuarial valuation to determine its pension benefit costs and credits. The amounts calculated depend on a variety of key assumptions, including discount rates and expected return on plan assets. Details of the assumptions used to determine the net funded status are set out in the notes to the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018. The Company’s pension plan assets are assigned to their respective levels in the fair value hierarchy in accordance with the valuation principles described in the ‘‘Fair Value of Financial Instruments’’ section above. Adoption of New Accounting Standards In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows: Restricted Cash In March 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2017-07 (ASU 2017-07) Compensation-Retirement Benefits |
