Stock Award Plan and Stock-Based Compensation | NOTE 7 — STOCK AWARD PLAN AND STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION In December 2013, the Company adopted the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (as subsequently amended and restated, the “Plan”), which provides for the issuance of options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards and stock units. Pursuant to Nasdaq listing rules, the Company issued inducement awards in December 2017 to the Company’s President outside of the Plan in the form of an option to purchase 775,000 shares of the Company’s common stock and a RSU award to purchase 40,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. As of September 30, 2020, all remaining inducement awards have been canceled or expired. In June 2020, the Company increased the aggregate number of shares of common Option Exchange Program On June 11, 2021, the Company’s stockholders, upon recommendation of the board of directors of the Company, approved a one-time stock option exchange program (the “Exchange Program”) for certain employee option holders (including its named executive officers) (the “Eligible Participants”) who remained employed by the Company through the completion of the Exchange Program. The Exchange Program permitted Eligible Participants to surrender stock options issued and outstanding under the Plan granted before July 1, 2020, with a per-share exercise price of $4.47 or greater (the “Eligible Options”), in exchange for a grant of performance-based restricted stock units (“PRSUs”) that will settle in shares of the Company’s common stock upon vesting. 50% of the new PRSUs will vest upon the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (“FDA”) acceptance of a new drug application for roluperidone, provided that such acceptance is not “over protest” and occurs within three years after the grant date. The remaining new PRSUs will vest upon roluperidone receiving FDA marketing approval provided that such approval occurs within five years after the grant date. On July 6, 2021, the Company filed with the SEC a Tender Offer Statement on Schedule TO disclosing the terms and conditions of the Exchange Program. The Exchange Program closed on August 3, 2021. On August 6, 2021, options to purchase 7,631,844 shares of the Company’s common stock were exchanged for 3,813,150 PRSUs. Options surrendered in the Exchange Program were cancelled and shares subject to the cancelled options again became available for issuance under the Plan. The non-cash incremental stock-based compensation cost associated with the Exchange Program was $0.5 million. This incremental cost was measured as the excess of the fair value of each new PRSU, measured as of the date the new PRSUs were granted, over the fair value of the stock options surrendered in exchange for the new PRSU, measured immediately prior to the cancellation. This incremental compensation cost will be recognized when it is deemed probable that the two vesting conditions of the PRSUs will be achieved. Stock Option Awards Stock option activity for employees and non-employees for the three months ended March 31, 2022 is as follows: Shares Issuable Pursuant to Stock Options Weighted- Average Exercise Price Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Terms (years) Total Intrinsic Value (in thousands) Outstanding January 1, 2022 2,119,467 $ 4.26 7.9 $ — Granted 1,500,000 $ 0.79 Exercised — $ — Forfeited — $ — Outstanding March 31, 2022 3,619,467 $ 2.82 8.6 $ 58.8 Exercisable March 31, 2022 1,244,466 $ 5.32 6.8 $ — Available for future grant 2,937,269 The weighted average grant-date fair value of stock options outstanding on March 31, 2022 was $1.92 per share. Total unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested stock options at March 31, 2022 were approximately $2.16 million and are expected to be recognized within future operating results over a weighted-average period of 2.14 years. The total intrinsic value of the options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2022, and 2021 was zero. The expected term of the employee-related options was estimated using the “simplified” method as defined by the SEC’s Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, Share-Based Payment The Company uses the Black-Scholes model to estimate the fair value of stock options granted. There were no stock options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2021. For stock options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company utilized the following assumptions: Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Expected term (years) 6.25 Risk free interest rate 1.96% Volatility 97.18% Dividend yield 0.00% Weighted average grant date fair value per share of common stock $0.62 Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units On August 6, 2021, the Company granted 3,813,150 PRSUs through the Exchange Program. The Exchange Program was treated as a Type II modification (Probable-to improbable) under ASC 718. The total PRSUs outstanding at March 31, 2022 The following table presents stock-based compensation expense included in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations: Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 2021 Research and development $ 501,173 $ 644,176 General and administrative 551,483 871,888 Total $ 1,052,656 $ 1,516,064 |