Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses | Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses The Company’s loan portfolio is segmented to enable management to monitor risk and performance. Real estate loans are further segregated into three classes. Residential mortgages include those secured by residential properties and include home equity loans, while commercial mortgages consist of loans to commercial borrowers secured by commercial real estate. Construction loans typically consist of loans to build commercial buildings and acquire and develop residential real estate. The commercial and industrial segment consists of loans to finance the activities of commercial customers. The consumer segment consists primarily of indirect auto loans as well as personal installment loans and personal or overdraft lines of credit. Residential mortgage loans are typically longer-term loans and, therefore, generally present greater interest rate risk than the consumer and commercial loans. Under certain economic conditions, housing values may decline, which may increase the risk that the collateral values are not sufficient. Commercial real estate loans generally present a higher level of credit risk than loans secured by residences. This greater risk is due to several factors, including the concentration of principal in a limited number of loans and borrowers, the effect of general economic conditions on income-producing properties, and the increased difficulty in evaluating and monitoring these types of loans. Furthermore, the repayment of commercial real estate loans is typically dependent upon the successful operation of the related real estate project. If the cash flow from the project is reduced (for example, if leases are not obtained or renewed, a bankruptcy court modifies a lease term, or a major tenant is unable to fulfill its lease obligations), the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. Construction loans are originated to individuals to finance the construction of residential dwellings and are also originated for the construction of commercial properties, including hotels, apartment buildings, housing developments, and owner-occupied properties used for businesses. Construction loans generally provide for the payment of interest only during the construction phase, which is usually 12 to 18 months. At the end of the construction phase, the loan generally converts to a permanent residential or commercial mortgage loan. Construction loan risks include overfunding in comparison to the plans, untimely completion of work, and leasing and stabilization after project completion. Commercial and industrial loans are generally secured by inventories, accounts receivable, and other business assets, which present collateral risk. Consumer loans generally have higher interest rates and shorter terms than residential mortgage loans; however, they have additional credit risk due to the type of collateral securing the loan. The following table presents the classifications of loans as of the dates indicated. June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate: Residential $ 338,493 $ 330,725 Commercial 458,614 436,805 Construction 44,523 44,923 Commercial and Industrial 102,266 70,044 Consumer 134,788 146,927 Other 22,470 20,449 Total Loans 1,101,154 1,049,873 Allowance for Credit Losses (10,666) (12,819) Loans, Net $ 1,090,488 $ 1,037,054 Net unamortized PPP loan origination fees as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were $1,000 and $5,000, respectively. Additionally, $1,000 and $4,000 of net PPP loan origination fees were earned for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, compared to $130,000 and $534,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. All PPP loans are classified as commercial and industrial loans held for investment. No allowance for credit loss was allocated to the PPP loan portfolio due to the Bank complying with the lender obligations that ensure SBA guarantee. Total unamortized net deferred loan fees were $1.1 million and $1.2 million at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The Company uses an eight-point internal risk rating system to monitor the credit quality of the overall loan portfolio. The first four categories are not considered criticized and are aggregated as “pass” rated. The criticized rating categories used by management generally follow bank regulatory definitions. The special mention category includes assets that are currently protected but are below average quality, resulting in an undue credit risk, but not to the point of justifying a substandard classification. Loans in the substandard category have well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt and have a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if the weaknesses are not corrected. Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in loans classified as substandard with the added characteristic that collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of current conditions and facts, is highly improbable. Loans classified as Loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that continuance as an asset is not warranted. The following table presents the Company’s loans by year of origination, loan segmentation and risk indicator summarized by the aggregate Pass and the criticized categories of Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful within the internal risk rating system as of June 30, 2023. There were no loans in the criticized category of loss. Classified Loans by Origination Year (as of June 30, 2023) (dollars in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total Real Estate: Residential Pass $ 18,613 $ 45,643 $ 43,464 $ 60,025 $ 40,379 $ 113,249 $ 14,213 $ 335,586 Special Mention — — 514 — — 411 — 925 Substandard — — 154 — — 1,828 — 1,982 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — Total 18,613 45,643 44,132 60,025 40,379 115,488 14,213 338,493 Commercial Pass 33,675 76,166 92,455 50,075 49,195 116,799 1,732 420,097 Special Mention — — 1,496 2,970 5,576 15,509 — 25,551 Substandard — — — — 4,521 8,445 — 12,966 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — Total 33,675 76,166 93,951 53,045 59,292 140,753 1,732 458,614 Construction Pass 7,694 15,531 10,184 7,784 — — 937 42,130 Special Mention — 1,249 850 — — 1 — 2,100 Substandard — — — — — 293 — 293 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — Total 7,694 16,780 11,034 7,784 — 294 937 44,523 Commercial and Industrial Pass 22,732 17,719 9,665 6,188 3,756 930 30,027 91,017 Special Mention — — — 18 5 3,314 3,533 6,870 Substandard — — — — — 4,012 — 4,012 Doubtful — — — — — 367 — 367 Loss — — — — — — — — Total 22,732 17,719 9,665 6,206 3,761 8,623 33,560 102,266 Consumer Pass 14,617 57,770 31,372 13,857 5,940 6,939 4,091 134,586 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — 77 20 2 — 103 — 202 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — Total 14,617 57,847 31,392 13,859 5,940 7,042 4,091 134,788 Other Pass — 15,312 47 685 1,337 4,189 851 22,421 Special Mention — — — — — 49 — 49 Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — Total — 15,312 47 685 1,337 4,238 851 22,470 Total Loans $ 97,331 $ 229,467 $ 190,221 $ 141,604 $ 110,709 $ 276,438 $ 55,384 $ 1,101,154 Gross Charge Offs $ — $ 92 $ 21 $ — $ — $ 105 $ 16 $ 234 The following table presents the Company’s loan segmentation and risk indicator summarized by the aggregate Pass and the criticized categories of Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful within the internal risk rating system as of December 31, 2022, prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13: December 31, 2022 Pass Special Mention Substandard Doubtful Total (Dollars in Thousands) Real Estate: Residential $ 327,531 $ 1,180 $ 2,014 $ — $ 330,725 Commercial 395,168 29,680 11,957 — 436,805 Construction 42,693 1,912 318 — 44,923 Commercial and Industrial 58,562 10,977 90 415 70,044 Consumer 146,807 — 120 — 146,927 Other 20,394 55 — — 20,449 Total Loans $ 991,155 $ 43,804 $ 14,499 $ 415 $ 1,049,873 The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aging categories of performing loans and nonaccrual loans as of the dates indicated. June 30, 2023 Loans Current 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days Or More Past Due Total Past Due Non- Accrual Total Loans (Dollars in Thousands) Real Estate: Residential $ 334,719 $ 2,155 $ 144 $ — $ 2,299 $ 1,475 $ 338,493 Commercial 456,563 — — — — 2,051 458,614 Construction 44,105 418 — — 418 — 44,523 Commercial and Industrial 101,899 — — — — 367 102,266 Consumer 133,915 590 81 — 671 202 134,788 Other 22,470 — — — — — 22,470 Total Loans $ 1,093,671 $ 3,163 $ 225 $ — $ 3,388 $ 4,095 $ 1,101,154 December 31, 2022 Loans Current 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days Or More Past Due Total Past Due Non- Accrual Total Loans (Dollars in Thousands) Real Estate: Residential $ 325,591 $ 3,451 $ 34 $ — $ 3,485 $ 1,649 $ 330,725 Commercial 434,933 58 — — 58 1,814 436,805 Construction 44,923 — — — — — 44,923 Commercial and Industrial 69,621 8 — — 8 415 70,044 Consumer 145,887 854 66 — 920 120 146,927 Other 20,449 — — — — — 20,449 Total Loans $ 1,041,404 $ 4,371 $ 100 $ — $ 4,471 $ 3,998 $ 1,049,873 The following table sets forth the amounts for amortized cost basis of loans on nonaccrual status, loans past due 90 days still accruing, and categories of nonperforming assets at the date indicated. June 30, 2023 Nonaccrual With No ACL Nonaccrual With ACL Loans Past Due 90 Days Still Accruing Total Nonperforming Assets (Dollars in Thousands) Nonaccrual Loans: Real Estate: Residential $ 1,475 $ — $ — $ 1,475 Commercial 2,051 — — 2,051 Commercial and Industrial 367 — — 367 Consumer 202 — — 202 Total Nonaccrual Loans $ 4,095 $ — $ — 4,095 Other Real Estate Owned: Residential 129 Commercial 37 Total Other Real Estate Owned 166 Total Nonperforming Assets $ 4,261 No interest income on nonaccrual loans was recognized during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023. In conjunction with the adoption of ASU 2016-13, ASU 2022-02 was adopted and eliminates the troubled debt restructurings ("TDR") recognition and measurement. With the elimination of TDRs, ASU 2022-02 requires that all modifications and refinancing, including those with borrowers that are experiencing financial difficulty are subject to the modification guidance in ASC 310-20. Loan modifications could meet the definition of a new loan if certain terms of the loan are modified to the benefit of the lender and the modification to the terms of the loan are more than minor. Both of these criteria have to be met to define the modification as a new loan. If a loan modification meets the criteria of new loan, then the new loan should include the remaining net investment in the original loan, additional funds advanced, fees received, and direct loan origination costs with the refinancing or restructuring. Additionally, the effective interest rate should be recalculated based on the amortized cost basis of the new loan and reassess contractual cash flow. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, there were no new loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty in the past 12 months under the current guidance. The following table sets forth the amounts and categories of nonperforming assets at the dates indicated as of December 31, 2022, prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13. Included in nonperforming loans and assets are TDRs, which are loans whose contractual terms have been restructured in a manner which grants a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties. Nonaccrual TDRs are included in their specific loan category in the nonaccrual loans section. December 31, (Dollars in Thousands) Nonaccrual Loans: Real Estate: Residential $ 1,649 Commercial 1,814 Commercial and Industrial 415 Consumer 120 Total Nonaccrual Loans 3,998 Accruing Loans Past Due 90 Days or More: Total Accruing Loans Past Due 90 Days or More — Total Nonaccrual Loans and Accruing Loans Past Due 90 Days or More 3,998 Troubled Debt Restructurings, Accruing: Real Estate Residential 534 Commercial 1,260 Commercial and Industrial 7 Total Troubled Debt Restructurings, Accruing 1,801 Total Nonperforming Loans 5,799 Total Nonperforming Assets $ 5,799 The recorded investment of residential real estate loans for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process according to applicable requirements of the local jurisdiction was $756,000 and $1.4 million at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The activity in the ACL - Loans is summarized below by primary segments for the periods indicated: Real Estate Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Construction Commercial and Industrial Consumer Other Unallocated Total (Dollars in thousands) March 31, 2023 $ 2,156 $ 3,056 $ 805 $ 1,997 $ 2,098 $ 158 $ — $ 10,270 Charge-offs (97) — — — (51) — — (148) Recoveries 1 23 — 8 20 — — 52 Provision (Recovery) for Credit Losses - Loans 296 137 133 135 (219) 10 — 492 June 30, 2023 $ 2,356 $ 3,216 $ 938 $ 2,140 $ 1,848 $ 168 $ — $ 10,666 Real Estate Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Construction Commercial and Industrial Consumer Other Unallocated Total (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2022 $ 2,074 $ 5,810 $ 502 $ 2,313 $ 1,517 $ — $ 603 $ 12,819 Impact of ASC 326 - Loans 137 (3,244) 488 (1,057) 774 120 (603) (3,385) Charge-offs (97) — — — (104) — — (201) Recoveries 14 23 — 766 58 — — 861 Provision (Recovery) for Credit Losses - Loans 228 627 (52) 118 (397) 48 — 572 June 30, 2023 $ 2,356 $ 3,216 $ 938 $ 2,140 $ 1,848 $ 168 $ — $ 10,666 The Company’s allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments is recognized as a liability (accrued interest payable and other liabilities on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition), with adjustments to the reserve recognized in provision for credit losses - unfunded commitments on the Consolidated Statement of Income. The Company’s activity in the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments for the periods ended was as follows: (in thousands) Allowance for Credit Losses Balance at March 31, 2023 $ 718 Impact of CECL adoption — Recovery for credit losses - unfunded commitments (60) Balance at June 30, 2023 $ 658 (in thousands) Allowance for Credit Losses Balance at December 31, 2022 $ — Impact of CECL adoption 718 Recovery for credit losses - unfunded commitments (60) Balance at June 30, 2023 $ 658 value of the collateral and the amortized cost basis of the asset as of the measurement date. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, there were no loans that required a credit loss to be individually assigned. The following tables present the activity in the allowance for credit losses summarized by primary segments and segregated into the amount required for loans individually evaluated for impairment and the amount required for loans collectively evaluated for potential impairment at the dates and for the periods indicated, prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13. December 31, 2022 Real Estate Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Construction Commercial and Industrial Consumer Other Unallocated Total (Dollars in thousands) Individually Evaluated for Impairment $ — $ 21 $ — $ 3 $ — $ — $ — $ 24 Collectively Evaluated for Potential Impairment $ 2,074 $ 5,789 $ 502 $ 2,310 $ 1,517 $ — $ 603 $ 12,795 Real Estate Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Construction Commercial and Industrial Consumer Other Unallocated Total (Dollars in thousands) March 31, 2022 $ 1,472 $ 6,326 $ 704 $ 1,130 $ 1,292 $ — $ 671 $ 11,595 Charge-offs (15) — — (2,712) (20) — — (2,747) Recoveries 126 — — 57 18 — — 201 Provision (Recovery) 71 (303) (233) 3,874 212 — 163 3,784 June 30, 2022 $ 1,654 $ 6,023 $ 471 $ 2,349 $ 1,502 $ — $ 834 $ 12,833 Real Estate Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Construction Commercial and Industrial Consumer Other Unallocated Total (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2021 $ 1,420 $ 5,960 $ 1,249 $ 1,151 $ 1,050 $ — $ 752 $ 11,582 Charge-offs (32) — — (2,712) (40) — — (2,784) Recoveries 128 — — 68 55 — — 251 Provision (Recovery) 138 63 (778) 3,842 437 — 82 3,784 June 30, 2022 $ 1,654 $ 6,023 $ 471 $ 2,349 $ 1,502 $ — $ 834 $ 12,833 June 30, 2022 Real Estate Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Construction Commercial and Industrial Consumer Other Unallocated Total (Dollars in thousands) Individually Evaluated for Impairment $ — $ 86 $ — $ 244 $ — $ — $ — $ 330 Collectively Evaluated for Potential Impairment $ 1,654 $ 5,937 $ 471 $ 2,105 $ 1,502 $ — $ 834 $ 12,503 The following table presents the major classifications of loans summarized by individually evaluated for impairment and collectively evaluated for potential impairment as of the dates indicated, prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13. December 31, 2022 Real Estate Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Construction Commercial and Industrial Consumer Other Total (Dollars in thousands) Individually Evaluated for Impairment $ 1,042 $ 13,217 $ 318 $ 512 $ — $ — $ 15,089 Collectively Evaluated for Potential Impairment 329,683 423,588 44,605 69,532 146,927 20,449 1,034,784 Total Loans $ 330,725 $ 436,805 $ 44,923 $ 70,044 $ 146,927 $ 20,449 $ 1,049,873 The following table presents changes in the accretable discount on the loans acquired at fair value at the dates indicated. Accretable Discount (Dollars in Thousands) December 31, 2022 $ 487 Accretable Yield (122) June 30, 2023 $ 365 Pre Adoption of ASC 326 – Impaired Loans December 31, 2022 Recorded Investment Related Allowance Unpaid Principal Balance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized (Dollars in thousands) With No Related Allowance Recorded: Real Estate: Residential $ 1,042 $ — $ 1,047 $ 1,085 $ 51 Commercial 11,609 — 11,766 10,928 549 Construction 318 — 318 403 19 Commercial and Industrial 505 — 777 734 35 Total With No Related Allowance Recorded $ 13,474 $ — $ 13,908 $ 13,150 $ 654 With A Related Allowance Recorded: Real Estate: Commercial $ 1,608 $ 21 $ 1,608 $ 954 $ 79 Construction — — — 830 36 Commercial and Industrial 7 3 7 253 1 Total With A Related Allowance Recorded $ 1,615 $ 24 $ 1,615 $ 2,037 $ 116 Total Impaired Loans Real Estate: Residential $ 1,042 $ — $ 1,047 $ 1,085 $ 51 Commercial 13,217 21 13,374 11,882 628 Construction 318 — 318 1,233 55 Commercial and Industrial 512 3 784 987 36 Total Impaired Loans $ 15,089 $ 24 $ 15,523 $ 15,187 $ 770 |