Revenues | 3. Revenues Our revenues are derived primarily from the sale of natural gas and electricity to customers, including affiliates. Revenue is measured based upon the quantity of gas or power delivered at prices contained or referenced in the customer's contract, and excludes any sales incentives (e.g., rebates) and amounts collected on behalf of third parties (e.g., sales tax). Our revenues also include asset optimization activities. Asset optimization activities consist primarily of purchases and sales of gas that meet the definition of trading activities per FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging . They are therefore excluded from the scope of FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers . Other revenue is derived from contracts with customers through the provision of wireless and other services and the sale of wireless equipment. Revenues for electricity, natural gas, and related services are recognized as the Company transfers the promised goods and services to the customer. Electricity and natural gas products may be sold as fixed-price or variable-price products. The typical length of a contract to provide electricity and/or natural gas is twelve months. Customers are billed and generally pay at least monthly, based on usage. Electricity and natural gas sales that have been delivered but not billed by period end are estimated and recorded as accrued unbilled revenues based on estimates of customer usage since the date of the last meter read provided by the utility. Volume estimates are based on forecasted volumes and estimated residential and commercial customer usage. Unbilled revenues are calculated by multiplying these volume estimates by the applicable rate by customer class (residential or commercial). Estimated amounts are adjusted when actual usage is known and billed. The following table discloses revenue for our reportable segments by primary geographical market, customer type, and customer credit risk profile (in thousands). The table also includes a reconciliation of the disaggregated revenue to revenue by reportable segment (in thousands). Reportable Segments Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Retail Electricity (a) Retail Natural Gas Total Reportable Segments Retail Electricity (a) Retail Natural Gas Total Reportable Segments Primary markets (b) New England $ 26,262 $ 1,154 $ 27,416 $ 23,636 $ 1,349 $ 24,985 Mid-Atlantic 24,181 5,929 30,110 25,124 7,602 32,726 Midwest 6,819 2,515 9,334 9,292 3,121 12,413 Southwest 17,503 8,258 25,761 24,238 3,985 28,223 $ 74,765 $ 17,856 $ 92,621 $ 82,290 $ 16,057 $ 98,347 Customer type Commercial $ 9,353 $ 11,765 $ 21,118 $ 9,479 $ 10,764 $ 20,243 Residential 63,420 12,472 75,892 69,548 9,200 78,748 Unbilled revenue (c) 1,992 (6,381) (4,389) 3,263 (3,907) (644) $ 74,765 $ 17,856 $ 92,621 $ 82,290 $ 16,057 $ 98,347 Customer credit risk POR $ 42,080 $ 7,300 $ 49,380 $ 46,726 $ 9,435 $ 56,161 Non-POR 32,685 10,556 43,241 35,564 6,622 42,186 $ 74,765 $ 17,856 $ 92,621 $ 82,290 $ 16,057 $ 98,347 Reportable Segments Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Retail Electricity (a) Retail Natural Gas Total Reportable Segments Retail Electricity (a) Retail Natural Gas Total Reportable Segments Primary markets (b) New England $ 59,149 $ 5,067 $ 64,216 $ 53,097 $ 6,510 $ 59,607 Mid-Atlantic 51,690 25,275 76,965 55,542 27,115 82,657 Midwest 14,958 12,320 27,278 19,232 12,741 31,973 Southwest 31,795 27,492 59,287 42,460 9,708 52,168 $ 157,592 $ 70,154 $ 227,746 $ 170,331 $ 56,074 $ 226,405 Customer type Commercial $ 19,646 $ 40,444 $ 60,090 $ 20,540 $ 31,193 $ 51,733 Residential 140,657 43,747 184,404 149,486 31,346 180,832 Unbilled revenue (c) (2,711) (14,037) (16,748) 305 (6,465) (6,160) $ 157,592 $ 70,154 $ 227,746 $ 170,331 $ 56,074 $ 226,405 Customer credit risk POR $ 91,223 $ 32,354 $ 123,577 $ 102,903 $ 34,945 $ 137,848 Non-POR 66,369 37,800 104,169 67,428 21,129 88,557 $ 157,592 $ 70,154 $ 227,746 $ 170,331 $ 56,074 $ 226,405 (a) Retail Electricity includes Services (b) The primary markets include the following states: • New England - Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts and New Hampshire; • Mid-Atlantic - Delaware, Maryland (including the District of Columbia), New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania and Virginia; • Midwest - Illinois, Indiana, Michigan and Ohio; and • Southwest - Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Nevada and Texas. (c) Unbilled revenue is recorded in total until it is actualized, at which time it is categorized between commercial and residential customers. Reconciliation to Consolidated Financial Information A reconciliation of the reportable segment operating revenues to consolidated revenues is as follows: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 2022 2023 2022 Total Reportable Segments Revenue $ 92,621 $ 98,347 $ 227,746 $ 226,405 Net asset optimization expense (1,359) (1,248) (4,632) (2,152) Other Revenue 137 — 137 — Total Revenues $ 91,399 $ 97,099 $ 223,251 $ 224,253 We record gross receipts taxes on a gross basis in retail revenues and retail cost of revenues. During the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, our retail revenues included gross receipts taxes of $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively, and our retail cost of revenues included gross receipts taxes of $1.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, our retail revenues included gross receipt taxes of $0.5 million and $0.6 million, respectively, and our retail cost of revenues included gross receipts taxes of $2.6 million and $2.6 million, respectively. Accounts receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses The Company conducts business in many utility service markets where the local regulated utility purchases our receivables, and then becomes responsible for billing the customer and collecting payment from the customer (“POR programs”). These POR programs result in substantially all of the Company’s credit risk being linked to the applicable utility, which generally has an investment-grade rating, and not to the end-use customer. The Company monitors the financial condition of each utility and currently believes its receivables are collectible. In markets that do not offer POR programs or when the Company chooses to directly bill its customers, certain receivables are billed and collected by the Company. The Company bears the credit risk on these accounts and records an appropriate allowance for doubtful accounts to reflect any losses due to non-payment by customers. The Company’s customers are individually insignificant and geographically dispersed in these markets. The Company writes off customer balances when it believes that amounts are no longer collectible and when it has exhausted all means to collect these receivables. For trade accounts receivables, the Company accrues an allowance for credit losses by business segment by pooling customer accounts receivables based on similar risk characteristics, such as customer type, geography, aging analysis, payment terms, and related macro-economic factors. Expected credit loss exposure is evaluated for each of our accounts receivables pools. Expected credits losses are established using a model that considers historical collections experience, current information, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The Company writes off accounts receivable balances against the allowance for credit losses when the accounts receivable is deemed to be uncollectible. A rollforward of our allowance for credit losses for the six months ended June 30, 2023 are presented in the table below (in thousands): Balance at December 31, 2022 $ (4,335) Current period credit loss provision (1,888) Write-offs 1,179 Recovery of previous write-offs (58) Balance at June 30, 2023 $ (5,102) |