LOANS | NOTE 5: LOANS Major classifications of loans are as follows: December 31, December 31, (In thousands) 2019 2018 Residential mortgage loans: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 209,559 $ 232,523 Construction 3,963 7,121 Loans held-for-sale (1) 35,790 - Total residential mortgage loans 249,312 239,644 Commercial loans: Real estate 254,257 212,314 Lines of credit 58,617 44,235 Other commercial and industrial 82,092 63,359 Tax exempt loans 8,067 9,320 Total commercial loans 403,033 329,228 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 46,389 26,109 Other consumer 82,607 25,424 Total consumer loans 128,996 51,533 Total loans 781,341 620,405 Net deferred loan fees 110 (135 ) Less allowance for loan losses (8,669 ) (7,306 ) Loans receivable, net $ 772,782 $ 612,964 (1) Based on ASC 948, Mortgage Banking, loans shall be classified as held-for-sale once a decision has been made to sell the loans and shall be transferred to the held-for-sale category at lower of cost or fair value. The loans under contract to be sold had a principal balance of $35.8 million and net deferred fees of $146,000 at December 31, 2019. These loans were transferred at their amortized cost of $35.9 million as of December 31, 2019, as the fair value of these loans was greater than the amortized cost. The Bank In addition, the Bank will, from time to time, purchase aggregated pools of homogenous consumer or commercial business loans from unaffiliated third parties. These purchases are made primarily as an alternative to investment in debt securities. The following summarizes the Bank’s positions in these acquisitions at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018: The Bank acquired $15.6 million, $10.2 million and $24.6 million of loans originated by an unrelated financial institution, located outside of the Bank’s market area, in January 2017, April 2017, and March 2019, respectively. The acquired loan pools represented a 90% participating interest in a total of 2,283 loans secured by liens on automobiles with original maturities ranging primarily from two to six years. These loans will be serviced through their respective maturities by the originating financial institution. At December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, The Bank acquired a $5.0 million pool of consumer loans and $5.0 million pool of commercial and industrial loans originated by an unrelated financial institution, located outside of the Bank’s market area, in June 2019. In December 2019, the Bank acquired an additional $1.8 million in commercial and industrial loans and $392,000 of consumer loans from the same institution. The acquired loan pools represented a 100% interest in a total of 89 unsecured consumer loans and a total of 43 commercial and industrial loans. These loans have maturities ranging primarily from four to ten years. At December 31, 2019 there were 87 unsecured consumer loans outstanding with a remaining outstanding carrying value of $5.0 million and 43 commercial and industrial loans outstanding with a remaining outstanding carrying value of $6.6 million. These loans have no unamortized premium or discount included in the carrying value. No charge-offs have occurred since the acquisition of these loan pools. The Bank acquired a $21.9 million pool of home equity lines of credit originated by an unrelated financial technology company, located outside of the Bank’s market area, in August 2019. The acquired loan pool represented a 100% interest in a total of 395 secured home equity lines of credit. These lines of credit have maturities ranging primarily from four to thirty years. These lines of credit will be serviced through their respective maturities by the originating financial technology company. At December 31, 2019, there were 376 secured home equity lines of credit outstanding with a remaining outstanding carrying value of $20.1 million. The unamortized premium included in the carrying value at December 31, 2019 was $390,000. No charge-offs have occurred since the acquisition of these loan pools. The Bank acquired a $26.6 million pool of unsecured consumer loans originated by an unrelated financial technology company, located outside of the Bank’s market area, in November 2019. The acquired loan pool represents a 59.2% interest in a total of 2,787 unsecured consumer loans. These loans have maturities ranging primarily from three to five years. These loans will be serviced through their respective maturities by the originating unrelated financial technology company. At December 31, 2019, there were 2,768 unsecured consumer loans outstanding with a remaining outstanding carrying value of $25.8 million. The unamortized premium included in the carrying value at December 31, 2019 was $114.000. No charge-offs have occurred since the acquisition of these loan pools. The Bank acquired a $10.3 million pool of unsecured consumer loans originated by an unrelated financial technology company, located outside of the Bank’s market area, in December 2019. The acquired loan pool represents a 100% interest in a total of 4,259 unsecured consumer loans. These loans have maturities ranging primarily from less than one year to three to seven years. These loans will be serviced through their respective maturities by the originating unrelated financial technology company. At December 31, 2019, there were 4,259 unsecured consumer loans outstanding with a remaining outstanding carrying value of $10.3 million. The unamortized premium included in the carrying value at December 31, 2019 was $245,000. No charge-offs have occurred since the acquisition of these loan pools. The Bank acquired a $2.1 million pool of secured first lien residential mortgages originated by an unrelated non-profit housing and community development organization, located within the Bank’s market area, in December 2019. The acquired loan pool represents a 100% interest in a total of 25 secured first lien residential mortgages. These loans have maturities ranging primarily from 22 to 24 years. These loans will be serviced through their respective maturities by the unrelated non-profit housing and community development organization. At December 31, 2019, there were 25 unsecured consumer loans outstanding with a remaining outstanding carrying value of $2.1 million. The unamortized premium included in the carrying value at December 31, 2019 was $135,000. No charge-offs have occurred since the acquisition of these loan pools. As of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, residential mortgage loans with a carrying value of $136.9 million and Loan Origination / Risk Management The Company has lending policies and procedures in place that are designed to maximize loan income within an acceptable level of risk. Management and the board of directors reviews and approves these policies and procedures on a regular basis. A reporting system supplements the review process by frequently providing management with reports related to loan production, loan quality, loan delinquencies, nonperforming and potential problem loans. Diversification in the loan portfolio is also a means of managing risk associated with fluctuations in economic conditions. Homogenous pools of purchased loans are subject to substantial prepurchase analyses led by a team of the Bank’s senior executives and credit analysts. In each case, the Bank’s analytical processes consider the types of loans being evaluated, the underwriting criteria employed by the originating entity, the historical performance of such loans, especially in the most recent deeply recessionary environments, the collateral enhancements and other credit loss mitigation factors offered by the seller and the capabilities and financial stability of the servicing entities involved. From a credit risk perspective, these loan pools also benefit from broad diversification, including wide geographic dispersion, the readily-verifiable historical performance of similar loans issued by the originators, as well as the overall experience and skill of the underwriters and servicing entities involved as counterparties to the Bank in these transactions. The performance of all purchased loan pools are monitored regularly from detailed reports and remittance reconciliations provided at least monthly by the servicing entities. Risk Characteristics of Portfolio Segments Each portfolio segment generally carries its own unique risk characteristics. The residential mortgage loan segment is impacted by general economic conditions, unemployment rates in the Bank’s service area, real estate values and the forward expectation of improvement or deterioration in economic conditions. First and second lien residential mortgages, acquired via purchase are impacted by general economic conditions, unemployment rates in the general areas in which the loan collateral is located, real estate values in those areas and the forward expectation of improvement or deterioration in economic conditions. The commercial loan segment is impacted by general economic conditions but, more specifically, the industry segment in which each borrower participates. Unique competitive changes within a borrower’s specific industry, or geographic location could cause significant changes in the borrower’s revenue stream, and therefore, impact its ability to repay its obligations. Commercial real estate is also subject to general economic conditions but changes within this segment typically lag changes seen within the consumer and commercial segment. Included within this portfolio are both owner occupied real estate, in which the borrower occupies the majority of the real estate property and upon which the majority of the sources of repayment of the obligation is dependent upon, and non-owner occupied real estate, in which several tenants comprise the repayment source for this portfolio segment. The composition and competitive position of the tenant structure may cause adverse changes in the repayment of debt obligations for the non-owner occupied class within this segment. The consumer loan segment is impacted by general economic conditions, unemployment rates in the geographic areas in which borrowers and loan collateral are located, and the forward expectation of improvement or deterioration in economic conditions. Real estate loans, including residential mortgages, commercial real estate loans and home equity, comprise 70% of the portfolio in 2019, similar to the composition in 2018, where such loans represented 77% of total loans. Loans secured by real estate generally provide strong collateral protection and thus significantly reduce the inherent credit risk in the portfolio. Management has reviewed its loan portfolio and determined that, to the best of its knowledge, little or no exposure exists to sub-prime or other high-risk residential mortgages. The Company is not in the practice of originating these types of loans. Description of Credit Quality Indicators The Company utilizes an eight tier risk rating system to evaluate the quality of its loan portfolio. Loans that are risk rated “1” through “4” are considered “Pass” loans. In accordance with regulatory guidelines, loans rated “5” through “8” are termed “criticized” loans and loans rated “6” through “8” are termed “classified” loans. A description of the Company’s credit quality indicators follows. For Commercial Loans: 1. Prime 2. Strong 3. Satisfactory 4. Satisfactory Watch: 5. Special Mention 6. Substandard 7. Doubtful 8. Loss For Residential Mortgage and Consumer Loans: Residential mortgage and consumer loans are assigned a “Pass” rating unless the loan has demonstrated signs of weakness as indicated by the ratings below. 5. Special Mention 6. Substandard 7. Doubtful The risk ratings for classified loans are evaluated at least quarterly for commercial loans or when credit deficiencies arise, such as delinquent loan payments, for commercial, residential mortgage or consumer loans. See further discussion of risk ratings in Note 1. The following table presents the segments and classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aggregate pass rating and the criticized and classified ratings of special mention, substandard and doubtful within the Company's internal risk rating system: As of December 31, 2019 Special (In thousands) Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Residential mortgage loans: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 205,554 $ 1,093 $ 1,731 $ 1,181 $ 209,559 Construction 3,963 - - - 3,963 Loans held-for-sale 35,790 - - - 35,790 Total residential mortgage loans 245,307 1,093 1,731 1,181 249,312 Commercial loans: Real estate 238,288 12,473 3,194 302 254,257 Lines of credit 50,396 7,945 276 - 58,617 Other commercial and industrial 72,653 8,473 923 43 82,092 Tax exempt loans 8,067 - - - 8,067 Total commercial loans 369,404 28,891 4,393 345 403,033 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 45,414 191 477 307 46,389 Other consumer 82,252 167 188 - 82,607 Total consumer loans 127,666 358 665 307 128,996 Total loans $ 742,377 $ 30,342 $ 6,789 $ 1,833 $ 781,341 As of December 31, 2018 Special (In thousands) Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Residential mortgage loans: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 228,563 $ 999 $ 1,190 $ 1,771 $ 232,523 Construction 7,121 - - - 7,121 Total residential mortgage loans 235,684 999 1,190 1,771 239,644 Commercial loans: Real estate 201,997 8,299 1,947 71 212,314 Lines of credit 42,489 1,491 233 22 44,235 Other commercial and industrial 59,344 3,268 612 135 63,359 Tax exempt loans 9,320 - - - 9,320 Total commercial loans 313,150 13,058 2,792 228 329,228 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 25,706 144 173 86 26,109 Other consumer 25,294 95 35 - 25,424 Total consumer loans 51,000 239 208 86 51,533 Total loans $ 599,834 $ 14,296 $ 4,190 $ 2,085 $ 620,405 Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans Loans are placed on nonaccrual when the contractual payment of principal and interest has become 90 days past due or management has serious doubts about further collectability of principal or interest, even though the loan may be performing. Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received within thirty days of the payment due date. An age analysis of past due loans, not including net deferred loan costs, segregated by portfolio segment and class of loans, for the years ended December 31, are detailed in the following tables: As of December 31, 2019 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days Past Due Past Due and Total Total Loans (In thousands) and Accruing and Accruing Over Past Due Current Receivable Residential mortgage loans: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 947 $ 744 $ 1,613 $ 3,304 $ 206,255 $ 209,559 Construction - - - - 3,963 3,963 Loans held-for-sale - - - - 35,790 35,790 Total residential mortgage loans 947 744 1,613 3,304 246,008 249,312 Commercial loans: Real estate 953 100 2,271 3,324 250,933 254,257 Lines of credit 4,464 25 68 4,557 54,060 58,617 Other commercial and industrial 2,747 315 591 3,653 78,439 82,092 Tax exempt loans - - - - 8,067 8,067 Total commercial loans 8,164 440 2,930 11,534 391,499 403,033 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 315 130 480 925 45,464 46,389 Other consumer 335 50 151 536 82,071 82,607 Total consumer loans 650 180 631 1,461 127,535 128,996 Total loans $ 9,761 $ 1,364 $ 5,174 $ 16,299 $ 765,042 $ 781,341 As of December 31, 2018 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days Past Due Past Due and Total Total Loans (In thousands) and Accruing and Accruing Over Past Due Current Receivable Residential mortgage loans: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 1,507 $ 505 $ 1,176 $ 3,188 $ 229,335 $ 232,523 Construction - - - - 7,121 7,121 Total residential mortgage loans 1,507 505 1,176 3,188 236,456 239,644 Commercial loans: Real estate 4,261 364 323 4,948 207,366 212,314 Lines of credit 1,033 111 22 1,166 43,069 44,235 Other commercial and industrial 814 44 387 1,245 62,114 63,359 Tax exempt loans - - - - 9,320 9,320 Total commercial loans 6,108 519 732 7,359 321,869 329,228 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 247 6 35 288 25,821 26,109 Other consumer 226 65 107 398 25,026 25,424 Total consumer loans 473 71 142 686 50,847 51,533 Total loans $ 8,088 $ 1,095 $ 2,050 $ 11,233 $ 609,172 $ 620,405 Year-end nonaccrual loans, segregated by class of loan, were as follows: December 31, December 31, (In thousands) 2019 2018 Residential mortgage loans: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 1,613 $ 1,176 Total residential mortgage loans 1,613 1,176 Commercial loans: Real estate 2,343 415 Lines of credit 68 28 Other commercial and industrial 591 387 Total commercial loans 3,002 830 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 480 35 Other consumer 151 107 Total consumer loans 631 142 Total nonaccrual loans $ 5,246 $ 2,148 There were no loans past due ninety days or more and still accruing interest at December 31, 2019 or 2018. The Company is required to disclose certain activities related to Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDR”) in accordance with accounting guidance. Certain loans have been modified in a TDR where economic concessions have been granted to a borrower who is experiencing, or expected to experience, financial difficulties. These economic concessions could include a reduction in the loan interest rate, extension of payment terms, reduction of principal amortization, or other actions that it would not otherwise consider for a new loan with similar risk characteristics. The Company is required to disclose new TDRs for each reporting period for which an income statement is being presented. Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment is the principal loan balance less the provision for loan losses before the loan was modified as a TDR. Post-modification outstanding recorded investment is the principal balance less the provision for loan losses after the loan was modified as a TDR. Additional provision for loan losses is the change in the allowance for loan losses between the pre-modification outstanding recorded investment and post-modification outstanding recorded investment. The table below details loans that had been modified as TDRs for the year ended December 31, 2019. For the year ended December 31, 2019 (In thousands) Number of loans Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment Post-modification outstanding recorded investment Additional provision for loan losses Residential real estate loans 1 $ 205 $ 250 $ - The TDR evaluated for impairment for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019 has been classified as a TDR due to economic concessions granted, which consisted of additional funds advanced without associated increases in collateral and an extended maturity date that will result in a delay in payment from the original contractual maturity. The table below details loans that have been modified as TDRs for the year ended December 31, 2018. For the year ended December 31, 2018 (In thousands) Number of loans Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment Post-modification outstanding recorded investment Additional provision for loan losses Other commercial and industrial loans 1 $ 300 $ 300 $ - Commercial real estate loans 1 $ 123 $ 137 $ 14 The TDRs individually evaluated for impairment have been classified as TDRs due to economic concessions granted, which consisted of additional funds advanced without associated increases in collateral and/or an extended maturity date that will result in a delay in payment from the original contractual maturity. The Company was required to increase the specific reserves against the commercial real estate loan individually reviewed for impairment by $14,000, which was a component of the provision of loan losses in the fourth quarter of 2018. The Company is required to disclose loans that have been modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months in which there was payment default after the restructuring. The Company defines payment default as any loans 90 days past due on contractual payments. The Company had no loans that had been modified as TDRs during the twelve months prior to December 31, 2019, which had subsequently defaulted during the year ended December 31, 2019. The Company had no loans that had been modified as TDRs during the twelve months prior to December 31, 2018, which had subsequently defaulted during the year ended December 31, 2018. When the Company modifies a loan within a portfolio segment that is individually evaluated for impairment, a potential impairment is analyzed either based on the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the interest rate of the original loan terms or the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell. If it is determined that the value of the loan is less than its recorded investment, then impairment is recognized as a component of the provision for loan losses, an associated increase to the allowance for loan losses or as a charge-off to the allowance for loan losses in the current period. Impaired Loans The following table summarizes impaired loans information by portfolio class: December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Unpaid Unpaid Recorded Principal Related Recorded Principal Related (In thousands) Investment Balance Allowance Investment Balance Allowance With no related allowance recorded: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 1,027 $ 1,027 $ - $ 1,221 $ 1,226 $ - Commercial real estate 3,996 4,067 - 2,387 2,448 - Commercial lines of credit 86 86 - 228 228 - Other commercial and industrial 69 77 - 451 452 - Home equity and junior liens 40 40 - - - - Other consumer 55 55 - - - - With an allowance recorded: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages 584 584 97 606 606 108 Commercial real estate 450 450 78 486 486 100 Commercial lines of credit 98 98 98 28 28 28 Other commercial and industrial 866 866 406 373 373 255 Home equity and junior liens 180 180 150 207 207 140 Other consumer 36 36 1 - - - Total: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages 1,611 1,611 97 1,827 1,832 108 Commercial real estate 4,446 4,517 78 2,873 2,934 100 Commercial lines of credit 184 184 98 256 256 28 Other commercial and industrial 935 943 406 824 825 255 Home equity and junior liens 220 220 150 207 207 140 Other consumer 91 91 1 - - - Totals $ 7,487 $ 7,566 $ 830 $ 5,987 $ 6,054 $ 631 The following table presents the average recorded investment in impaired loans for years ended December 31: (In thousands) 2019 2018 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 1,622 $ 1,842 Commercial real estate 3,868 4,555 Commercial lines of credit 295 343 Other commercial and industrial 1,015 965 Home equity and junior liens 220 224 Other consumer 76 - Total $ 7,096 $ 7,929 The following table presents the cash basis interest income recognized on impaired loans for the years ended December 31: (In thousands) 2019 2018 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 62 $ 61 Commercial real estate 190 175 Commercial lines of credit 16 28 Other commercial and industrial 66 38 Home equity and junior liens 11 12 Other consumer 7 - Total $ 352 $ 314 |