Loans | Note 6: Loans Major classifications of loans at the indicated dates are as follows: September 30, December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Residential mortgage loans: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 216,802 $ 209,559 Construction 5,677 3,963 Loans held-for-sale (1) 687 35,790 Total residential mortgage loans 223,166 249,312 Commercial loans: Real estate 282,856 254,257 Lines of credit 52,411 58,617 Other commercial and industrial 77,824 82,092 Paycheck Protection Program loans 75,278 - Tax exempt loans 6,998 8,067 Total commercial loans 495,367 403,033 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 40,505 46,389 Other consumer 62,998 82,607 Total consumer loans 103,503 128,996 Total loans 822,036 781,341 Net deferred loan fees (1,727 ) 110 Less allowance for loan losses (12,103 ) (8,669 ) Loans receivable, net $ 808,206 $ 772,782 (1) Based on ASC 948, Mortgage Banking, loans shall be classified as held-for-sale once a decision has been made to sell the loans and shall be transferred to the held-for-sale category at lower of cost or fair value. At September 30, 2020, the loans under contract to be sold had a principal balance of $687,268 and net deferred fees of $46. These loans were transferred at their amortized cost of $687,222 as of September 30, 2020, as the fair value of these loans was greater than the amortized cost. At December 31, 2019, the loans under contract to be sold had a principal balance of $35.8 million and net deferred fees of $146,000. These loans were transferred at their amortized cost of $35.9 million as of December 31, 2019, as the fair value of these loans was greater than the amortized cost. Although the Bank may sometimes purchase or fund loan participation interests outside of its primary market areas, the Bank generally originates residential mortgage, commercial, and consumer loans largely to customers throughout Oswego and Onondaga counties. Although the Bank has a diversified loan portfolio, a substantial portion of its borrowers’ abilities to honor their loan contracts is dependent upon the counties’ employment and economic conditions. As part of the Company’s overall balance sheet management strategies and the management’s ongoing efforts to profitably deploy its increased capital position following the equity sales transactions completed in May 2019, the Bank acquired nine diverse pools of loans, originated by unrelated third parties, in six separate transactions during 2019. The purchase of participations in loans that are originated by third parties only occurs after the completion of thorough pre-acquisition due diligence. Loans in which the Company acquires a participating interest are determined to meet, in all material respects, the Company’s internal underwriting policies, including credit and collateral suitability thresholds, prior to acquisition. In addition, the financial condition of the originating entity, which are generally retained as the ongoing loan servicing provider for participations acquired by the Bank, are analyzed prior to the acquisition of the participating interests and monitored on a regular basis thereafter for the life of those interests. The following table presents details regarding the purchased loan pools: September 30, December 31, (In thousands, except number of loans) 2020 2019 Purchased residential real estate loans Original Balance $ 2,100 $ 2,100 Current Balance 2,000 2,100 Unamortized Premium 129 135 Percent Owned 100 % 100 % Number of Loans 25 25 Maturity range 21-23 years 22-24 years Cumulative net charge-offs - - Purchased other commercial and industrial loans Original Balance 6,800 6,800 Current Balance 5,800 6,600 Unamortized Premium - - Percent Owned 100 % 100 % Number of Loans 40 43 Maturity range 5-9 years 6-10 years Cumulative net charge-offs - - Purchased home equity lines of credit: Original Balance 21,900 21,900 Current Balance 16,100 20,100 Unamortized Premium 328 390 Percent Owned 100 % 100 % Number of Loans 315 376 Maturity range 3-29 years 4-30 years Cumulative net charge-offs - - Purchased automobile loans: Original Balance 50,400 50,400 Current Balance 19,600 27,200 Unamortized Premium 682 930 Percent Owned 90 % 90 % Number of Loans 1,373 1,657 Maturity range 0-6 years 0-6 years Cumulative net charge-offs 227 196 Purchased unsecured consumer loan pool 1: Original Balance 5,400 5,400 Current Balance 4,100 5,000 Unamortized Premium - - Percent Owned 100 % 100 % Number of Loans 80 87 Maturity range 3-6 years 4-7 years Cumulative net charge-offs - - Purchased unsecured consumer loan pool 2: Original Balance 26,600 26,600 Current Balance 17,900 25,800 Unamortized Premium 74 114 Percent Owned 59 % 59 % Number of Loans 2,393 2,768 Maturity range 2-5 years 3-5 years Cumulative net charge-offs - - Purchased unsecured consumer loan pool 3: Original Balance 10,300 10,300 Current Balance 6,500 10,300 Unamortized Premium 160 245 Percent Owned 100 % 100 % Number of Loans 3,260 4,259 Maturity range 0-7 years 0-7 years Cumulative net charge-offs - - As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, residential mortgage loans with a carrying value of $111.8 million and $136.9 million, respectively, have been pledged by the Company to the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLBNY”) under a blanket collateral agreement to secure the Company’s line of credit and term borrowings. Loan Origination / Risk Management The Company’s lending policies and procedures are presented in Note 5 to the audited consolidated financial statements included in the 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 23, 2020 and have not changed. As part of the execution of the Company’s overall balance sheet management strategies, the Bank will acquire participating interests in loans originated by unrelated third parties on a sporadic basis. The purchase of participations in loans that are originated by third parties only occurs after the completion of thorough pre-acquisition due diligence. Loans in which the Company acquires a participating interest are determined to meet, in all material respects, the Company’s internal underwriting policies, including credit and collateral suitability thresholds, prior to acquisition. In addition, the financial condition of the originating financial institutions, which are generally retained as the ongoing loan servicing provider for participations acquired by the Bank, are analyzed prior to the acquisition of the participating interests and monitored on a regular basis thereafter for the life of those interests. To develop and document a systematic methodology for determining the allowance for loan losses, the Company has divided the loan portfolio into three portfolio segments, each with different risk characteristics but with similar methodologies for assessing risk. Each portfolio segment is broken down into loan classes where appropriate. Loan classes contain unique measurement attributes, risk characteristics, and methods for monitoring and assessing risk that are necessary to develop the allowance for loan losses. Unique characteristics such as borrower type, loan type, collateral type, and risk characteristics define each class. The following table illustrates the portfolio segments and classes for the Company’s loan portfolio: Portfolio Segment Class Residential Mortgage Loans 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages Construction Commercial Loans Real estate Lines of credit Other commercial and industrial Tax exempt loans Consumer Loans Home equity and junior liens Other consumer The following tables present the classes of the loan portfolio, not including net deferred loan costs, summarized by the aggregate pass rating and the classified ratings of special mention, substandard and doubtful within the Company's internal risk rating system as of the dates indicated: As of September 30, 2020 Special (In thousands) Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Residential mortgage loans: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 213,373 $ 919 $ 2,058 $ 452 $ 216,802 Construction 5,677 - - - 5,677 Loans held-for-sale 687 - - - 687 Total residential mortgage loans 219,737 919 2,058 452 223,166 Commercial loans: Real estate 264,979 8,967 8,531 379 282,856 Lines of credit 44,469 5,276 2,580 86 52,411 Other commercial and industrial 64,412 10,022 3,351 39 77,824 Paycheck Protection Program loans 75,278 - - - 75,278 Tax exempt loans 6,998 - - - 6,998 Total commercial loans 456,136 24,265 14,462 504 495,367 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 39,736 137 397 235 40,505 Other consumer 62,697 111 190 - 62,998 Total consumer loans 102,433 248 587 235 103,503 Total loans $ 778,306 $ 25,432 $ 17,107 $ 1,191 $ 822,036 As of December 31, 2019 Special (In thousands) Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Residential mortgage loans: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 205,554 $ 1,093 $ 1,731 $ 1,181 $ 209,559 Construction 3,963 - - - 3,963 Loans held-for-sale 35,790 - - - 35,790 Total residential mortgage loans 245,307 1,093 1,731 1,181 249,312 Commercial loans: Real estate 238,288 12,473 3,194 302 254,257 Lines of credit 50,396 7,945 276 - 58,617 Other commercial and industrial 72,653 8,473 923 43 82,092 Tax exempt loans 8,067 - - - 8,067 Total commercial loans 369,404 28,891 4,393 345 403,033 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 45,414 191 477 307 46,389 Other consumer 82,252 167 188 - 82,607 Total consumer loans 127,666 358 665 307 128,996 Total loans $ 742,377 $ 30,342 $ 6,789 $ 1,833 $ 781,341 Management has reviewed its loan portfolio and determined that, to the best of its knowledge, no material exposure exists to sub-prime or other high-risk residential mortgages. The Company is not in the practice of originating these types of loans. Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans Loans are placed on nonaccrual when the contractual payment of principal and interest has become 90 days past due or management has serious doubts about further collectability of principal or interest, even though the loan may be currently performing. Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received within thirty days of the payment due date. An age analysis of past due loans, not including net deferred loan costs, segregated by portfolio segment and class of loans, as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, are detailed in the following tables: As of September 30, 2020 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days Total Total Loans (In thousands) Past Due Past Due and Over Past Due Current Receivable Residential mortgage loans: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 697 $ 572 $ 817 $ 2,086 $ 214,716 $ 216,802 Construction - - - - 5,677 5,677 Loans held-for-sale - - - - 687 687 Total residential mortgage loans 697 572 817 2,086 221,080 223,166 Commercial loans: Real estate 4,253 - 3,716 7,969 274,887 282,856 Lines of credit 1,345 30 225 1,600 50,811 52,411 Other commercial and industrial 1,120 25 7,140 8,285 69,539 77,824 Paycheck Protection Program loans - - - - 75,278 75,278 Tax exempt loans - - - - 6,998 6,998 Total commercial loans 6,718 55 11,081 17,854 477,513 495,367 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 130 - 392 522 39,983 40,505 Other consumer 369 222 114 705 62,293 62,998 Total consumer loans 499 222 506 1,227 102,276 103,503 Total loans $ 7,914 $ 849 $ 12,404 $ 21,167 $ 800,869 $ 822,036 As of December 31, 2019 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days Total Total Loans (In thousands) Past Due Past Due and Over Past Due Current Receivable Residential mortgage loans: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 947 $ 744 $ 1,613 $ 3,304 $ 206,255 $ 209,559 Construction - - - - 3,963 3,963 Loans held-for-sale - - - - 35,790 35,790 Total residential mortgage loans 947 744 1,613 3,304 246,008 249,312 Commercial loans: Real estate 953 100 2,271 3,324 250,933 254,257 Lines of credit 4,464 25 68 4,557 54,060 58,617 Other commercial and industrial 2,747 315 591 3,653 78,439 82,092 Tax exempt loans - - - - 8,067 8,067 Total commercial loans 8,164 440 2,930 11,534 391,499 403,033 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 315 130 480 925 45,464 46,389 Other consumer 335 50 151 536 82,071 82,607 Total consumer loans 650 180 631 1,461 127,535 128,996 Total loans $ 9,761 $ 1,364 $ 5,174 $ 16,299 $ 765,042 $ 781,341 Nonaccrual loans, segregated by class of loan, were as follows: September 30, December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Residential mortgage loans: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 1,452 $ 1,613 1,452 1,613 Commercial loans: Real estate 3,771 2,343 Lines of credit 289 68 Other commercial and industrial 7,148 591 11,208 3,002 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 392 480 Other consumer 184 151 576 631 Total nonaccrual loans $ 13,236 $ 5,246 The Company is required to disclose certain activities related to Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDR”) in accordance with accounting guidance. Certain loans have been modified in a TDR where economic concessions have been granted to a borrower who is experiencing, or expected to experience, financial difficulties. These economic concessions could include a reduction in the loan interest rate, extension of payment terms, reduction of principal amortization, or other actions that it would not otherwise consider for a new loan with similar risk characteristics. The Company is required to disclose new TDRs for each reporting period for which an income statement is being presented. The pre-modification outstanding recorded investment is the principal loan balance less the provision for loan losses before the loan was modified as a TDR. The post-modification outstanding recorded investment is the principal balance less the provision for loan losses after the loan was modified as a TDR. Additional provision for loan losses is the change in the allowance for loan losses between the pre-modification outstanding recorded investment and post-modification outstanding recorded investment. The Company had no loans that were modified as TDRs for the three months ended September 30, 2020. The Company had no loans that were modified as TDRs for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The Company had no loans that were modified as TDRs for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The table below details one loan that was modified as a TDR for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 (In thousands) Number of loans Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment Post-modification outstanding recorded investment Additional provision for loan losses Residential real estate loans 1 $ 205 $ 250 $ - The TDR evaluated for impairment for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was classified as a TDR due to economic concessions granted, which consisted of additional funds advanced without associated increases in collateral and an extended maturity date that will result in a delay in payment from the original contractual maturity. The Company is required to disclose loans that have been modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months in which there was payment default after the restructuring. The Company defines payment default as any loans 90 days past due on contractual payments. The Company had no loans that were modified as TDRs during the twelve months prior to September 30, 2020, which had subsequently defaulted during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The Company had no loans that were modified as TDRs during the twelve months prior to September 30, 2019, which had subsequently defaulted during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), signed into law on March 27, 2020, provides financial assistance in various forms to both businesses and consumers. In addition, the CARES Act also created many directives affecting the operations of financial services providers, such as the Company, including a forbearance program for federally-backed mortgage loans and protections for borrowers from negative credit reporting due to loan accommodations related to the national emergency. The banking regulatory agencies have likewise issued guidance encouraging financial institutions to work prudently with borrowers who are, or may be, unable to meet their contractual payment obligations because of the effects of COVID-19. When the Company modifies a loan within a portfolio segment that is individually evaluated for impairment, a potential impairment is analyzed either based on the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the interest rate of the original loan terms or the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell. If it is determined that the value of the loan is less than its recorded investment, then impairment is recognized as a component of the provision for loan losses, an associated increase to the allowance for loan losses or as a charge-off to the allowance for loan losses in the current period. Impaired Loans The following table summarizes impaired loan information by portfolio class at the indicated dates: September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 Unpaid Unpaid Recorded Principal Related Recorded Principal Related (In thousands) Investment Balance Allowance Investment Balance Allowance With no related allowance recorded: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 668 $ 668 $ - $ 1,027 $ 1,027 $ - Commercial real estate 4,878 4,958 - 3,996 4,067 - Commercial lines of credit 78 78 - 86 86 - Other commercial and industrial 743 764 - 69 77 - Home equity and junior liens 76 76 - 40 40 - Other consumer 83 83 - 55 55 - With an allowance recorded: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages 905 905 149 584 584 97 Commercial real estate 442 442 62 450 450 78 Commercial lines of credit 253 253 253 98 98 98 Other commercial and industrial 1,642 1,642 1,176 866 866 406 Home equity and junior liens 142 142 142 180 180 150 Other consumer - - - 36 36 1 Total: 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages 1,573 1,573 149 1,611 1,611 97 Commercial real estate 5,320 5,400 62 4,446 4,517 78 Commercial lines of credit 331 331 253 184 184 98 Other commercial and industrial 2,385 2,406 1,176 935 943 406 Home equity and junior liens 218 218 142 220 220 150 Other consumer 83 83 - 91 91 1 Totals $ 9,910 $ 10,011 $ 1,782 $ 7,487 $ 7,566 $ 830 At September 30, 2020, the Company had outstanding balances of $14.5 million of commercial loans categorized as substandard under the Company’s internal classification policies. Of the $14.5 million in commercial loans categorized as substandard, $8.0 million represent loans that were accruing interest and $6.5 million represent loans that were in nonaccrual status as of that date. At September 30, 2020, the Company had a total of $11.2 million in nonaccrual commercial loans of which $4.7 million were rated special mention or better. Per the Company’s policy, a commercial loan is measured for impairment if: (1) the loan is rated substandard or worse, (2) is on nonaccrual, and (3) above our total related credit (“TRC”) threshold balance of $100,000 or classified as a TDR. See the Application of Critical Accounting Policies in Item 2 for further details. Internal classifications were determined at September 30, 2020 based on the Company’s evaluation of individual loans considering all factors in evidence as of the evaluation date. Due to the currently high degree of economic uncertainty, related primarily to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, loan classifications and estimates of future loan losses may be subject to significant revisions in future periods . The following table presents the average recorded investment in impaired loans for the periods indicated: For the three months ended For the nine months ended September 30, September 30, (In thousands) 2020 2019 2020 2019 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 1,586 $ 1,625 $ 1,597 $ 1,625 Commercial real estate 4,991 4,578 4,714 3,723 Commercial lines of credit 255 359 219 323 Other commercial and industrial 1,724 1,131 1,316 1,035 Home equity and junior liens 219 234 219 220 Other consumer 84 95 87 73 Total $ 8,859 $ 8,022 $ 8,152 $ 6,999 The following table presents the cash basis interest income recognized on impaired loans for the periods indicated: For the three months ended For the nine months ended September 30, September 30, (In thousands) 2020 2019 2020 2019 1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages $ 35 $ 19 $ 62 $ 54 Commercial real estate 60 73 129 158 Commercial lines of credit 8 2 13 20 Other commercial and industrial 32 12 54 50 Home equity and junior liens 2 2 6 8 Other consumer 2 2 5 5 Total $ 139 $ 110 $ 269 $ 295 |