Financial Derivative Instruments and Risk Management | Financial Derivative Instruments and Risk Management Fuel Hedges To manage economic risks associated with the fluctuations of aircraft fuel prices, since 2012, the Company has hedged a targeted percentage of its forecasted fuel requirements over the following 12 months with a rolling strategy of entering into call options for crude oil and collar contracts for heating oil in the longer term, three to 12 months before the expected fuel purchase date; then prior to maturity of these contracts, within three months of the fuel purchase, the Company exited these contracts by entering into offsetting trades and locking in the price of a percentage of its fuel requirements through the purchase of fixed forward pricing ("FFP") contracts in jet fuel. In 2015, the Company eliminated the use of call options and collars from its fuel hedging program and began utilizing forward swaps on jet fuel, heating oil and crude oil to lock in future fuel purchase prices. The Company utilizes FFP contracts with its fuel service provider as part of its risk management strategy, wherein fixed prices are negotiated for set volumes of future purchases of fuel. The Company takes physical delivery of the future purchases. The Company has applied the normal purchase and normal sales exception for these commitments. As of June 30, 2015 , the total commitment related to FFP contracts was $38.6 million , for which the related fuel will be purchased during 2015. The Company designates the majority of its fuel hedge derivatives contracts as cash flow hedges under the applicable accounting standard, if they qualify for hedge accounting. Under hedge accounting, all periodic changes in the fair value of the derivatives designated as effective hedges are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI") until the underlying fuel is purchased, at which point the deferred gain or loss will be recorded as fuel expense. In the event that the Company’s fuel hedge derivatives do not qualify as effective hedges, the periodic changes in fair value of the derivatives are included in fuel expense in the period they occur. If the Company terminates a fuel hedge derivative contract prior to its settlement date, the cumulative gain or loss recognized in AOCI at the termination date will remain in AOCI until the terminated intended transaction occurs. In the event it becomes improbable that such event will occur, the cumulative gain or loss is immediately reclassified into earnings. All cash flows associated with purchasing and settling of fuel hedge derivatives are classified as operating cash flows in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. Interest Rate Swaps In April 2015, the Company executed debt facility agreements to finance the Company’s 2015 aircraft deliveries. Refer to Note 4 - Contingencies and Commitments for additional information. The Company entered into interest rate swaps in May 2015 to protect the Company against adverse fluctuations in interest rates by reducing its exposure to variability in cash flows relating to future interest payments on the committed financing for an aircraft to be delivered in November 2015. The interest rate swaps hedge the risk of changes in the Company's cash flows (i.e., interest payments attributable to changes in the three-month USD-LIBOR-BBA swap rate, the designated benchmark interest rate being hedged) on an amount of the debt principal equal to the committed financing amount. As such, the swap terms match the payment terms on the debt. The interest rate swaps are designated cash flow hedges. The gains and losses related to the changes in fair value of the swaps are included in AOCI in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet. The effect of such swaps is to convert the floating interest rate to a fixed rate until the aircraft is delivered in November 2015, when the debt funding occurs. Hedge accounting will cease once the interest rate has been contractually fixed upon aircraft delivery, and the outstanding AOCI balance associated with the interest rate swap will be amortized using the interest method over the term of the debt. The fair value of the interest rate swaps is reflected in other current assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet. The measurement of hedge effectiveness is based on the hypothetical-derivative method in which the cumulative change in the fair value of the hedging instrument will be compared to the cumulative change in fair value of the hypothetical derivative. The following tables present the fair value of derivative assets and liabilities that are designated and not designated as hedging instruments, as well as the location of the asset and liability balances within the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 (in thousands): Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges Consolidated Fair value of derivatives as of June 30, 2015 December 31, 2014 (unaudited) Fuel derivative instruments—Heating oil collars Current liabilities — (24,762 ) Fuel derivative instruments—Brent calls Current liabilities — (84 ) Fuel derivative instruments—Heating oil swaps Current liabilities 317 — Fuel derivative instruments—Jet fuel swaps Current liabilities (259 ) — Interest rate swaps Current assets 42 — Total current assets (liabilities) $ 100 $ (24,846 ) Derivatives not designated as cash flow hedges Consolidated Fair value of derivatives as of June 30, 2015 December 31, 2014 (unaudited) Fuel derivative instruments—Heating oil collars Current liabilities — (2,408 ) Fuel derivative instruments—Brent calls Current liabilities 1 134 Fuel derivative instruments—Heating oil swaps Current liabilities (116 ) — Total current assets (liabilities) $ (115 ) $ (2,274 ) As of June 30, 2015 , the Company had no margin call balances with its counterparties. At December 31, 2014, the Company had deposited $14.4 million as collateral with one of its counterparties to comply with margin call requirements related to fuel derivative losses that exceed the portfolio’s credit limit. The Company had recorded the margin call deposits in other current liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2014, offsetting the net hedge liability of $27.1 million . Thus the total net current hedge liability was $12.7 million at December 31, 2014. The following table summarizes the effect of fuel derivative instruments in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands): Derivatives accounted for as hedging Consolidated financial Gains (losses) on derivative Gains (losses) on derivative June 30, 2015 June 30, 2014 June 30, 2015 June 30, 2014 (unaudited) (unaudited) (unaudited) (unaudited) Fuel derivative instruments Aircraft fuel expense $ (9,219 ) $ (549 ) $ (24,434 ) $ (677 ) Total impact to the consolidated statements of operations $ (9,219 ) $ (549 ) $ (24,434 ) $ (677 ) Derivatives not accounted for as hedging Consolidated financial Gains (losses) on derivative Gains (losses) on derivative June 30, 2015 June 30, 2014 June 30, 2015 June 30, 2014 (unaudited) (unaudited) (unaudited) (unaudited) Fuel derivative instruments Aircraft fuel expense $ 800 $ (476 ) $ 353 $ (928 ) Total impact to the consolidated statements of operations $ 800 $ (476 ) $ 353 $ (928 ) At June 30, 2015 , the Company estimated that approximately $0.3 million of net derivative losses related to its cash flow fuel hedges included in AOCI will be reclassified into earnings within the next nine months. Interest rate swaps did not affect the condensed consolidated statement of operations as of June 30, 2015. At June 30, 2015 , the Company estimates that an immaterial amount of net derivative gains related to its interest rate swaps included in AOCI will be reclassified into earnings within the next twelve months. The effect of fuel derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges and the underlying hedged items on the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 , respectively, is summarized as follows (in thousands): Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges Amount of gain (loss) Gain (loss) reclassified Amount of gain (loss) Three Months Ended, Three Months Ended, Three Months Ended, June 30, 2015 June 30, 2014 June 30, 2015 June 30, 2014 June 30, 2015 June 30, 2014 (unaudited) (unaudited) (unaudited) (unaudited) (unaudited) (unaudited) Fuel derivative instruments $ 4,527 $ 1,518 $ (9,080 ) $ (484 ) $ (139 ) $ (65 ) Interest rate swaps 42 — — — — — Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges Amount of gain (loss) Gain (loss) reclassified Amount of gain (loss) Six Months Ended, Six Months Ended, Six Months Ended, June 30, 2015 June 30, 2014 June 30, 2015 June 30, 2014 June 30, 2015 June 30, 2014 (unaudited) (unaudited) (unaudited) (unaudited) (unaudited) (unaudited) Fuel derivative instruments $ 1,509 $ (1,227 ) $ (24,315 ) $ (501 ) $ (119 ) $ (176 ) Interest rate swaps 42 — — — — — The notional amounts of the Company’s outstanding fuel and debt payment related derivatives are summarized as follows (in millions): June 30, 2015 December 31, 2014 (unaudited) Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: Fuel derivative instruments—Heating oil collars (gallons) 0 36 Fuel derivative instruments—Brent calls (gallons) 0 16 Fuel derivative instruments—Heating oil swaps (gallons) 9 0 Fuel derivative instruments—Jet fuel swaps (gallons) 28 0 Interest rate swaps (dollars) $ 39 $ 0 Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: Fuel derivative instruments—Heating oil collars (gallons) 0 3 Fuel derivative instruments—Brent calls (gallons) 11 13 Fuel derivative instruments—Heating oil swaps (gallons) 2 0 Fuel derivative instruments—Jet fuel swaps (gallons) 0 0 Interest rate swaps (dollars) $ 0 $ 0 As of June 30, 2015 , the Company had entered into fuel derivative contracts for approximately 30% of its forecasted aircraft fuel requirements for the next nine months at a weighted-average cost per gallon of $1.86 (excluding related fuel taxes). The Company presents its fuel derivative instruments at net fair value in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s master netting arrangements with counterparties allow for net settlement under certain conditions. As of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 , information related to these offsetting arrangements was as follows (in thousands): June 30, 2015 (unaudited) Derivatives offset in consolidated balance sheet Derivatives eligible for offsetting Gross derivative Gross derivative Net amount Gross derivative Gross derivative Net amount Fair value of assets $ 2,176 $ (2,176 ) $ — $ 2,176 $ (2,176 ) $ — Fair value of liabilities (2,233 ) 2,176 (57 ) (2,233 ) 2,176 (57 ) Margin call deposits — — Total $ (57 ) $ (57 ) December 31, 2014 Derivatives offset in consolidated balance sheet Derivatives eligible for offsetting Gross derivative Gross derivative Net amount Gross derivative Gross derivative Net amount Fair value of assets $ 256 $ (256 ) $ 0 $ 256 $ (256 ) $ 0 Fair value of liabilities (27,376 ) 256 (27,120 ) (27,376 ) 256 (27,120 ) Margin call deposits 14,390 14,390 Total (12,730 ) (12,730 ) The fuel derivative agreements the Company has with its counterparties may require the Company to pay all, or a portion of, the outstanding loss positions related to these contracts in the form of a margin call prior to their scheduled maturities. The amount of collateral posted, if any, is adjusted based on the fair value of the fuel hedge derivatives. The Company did not have any collateral posted related to outstanding fuel hedge contracts at June 30, 2015 and had $14.4 million of collateral posted related to outstanding fuel hedge contracts at December 31, 2014 , which is reflected in the table above. |