Goodwill and Intangible Assets | The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment were as follows: Outdoor Products Shooting Sports Total Balance, March 31, 2018 $ 452,627 $ 204,909 $ 657,536 Impairment (327,772 ) — (327,772 ) Effect of foreign currency exchange rates — (279 ) (279 ) Held for sale — (121,463 ) (121,463 ) Divestitures (3,526 ) — (3,526 ) Balance, December 30, 2018 $ 121,329 $ 83,167 $ 204,496 Under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, we are required to assess the fair value of our reporting units in the event we determine, based on our assessment of various qualitative factors, that a triggering event has occurred indicating that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than the book value of such reporting unit on our balance sheet. Once we determine that a triggering event has occurred, we then assess the fair value of our reporting units using both income and market-based approaches. In determining the fair value of a reporting unit, the estimated value of the reporting unit under the income-based approach is weighted equally with the reporting unit’s estimated value under the market-based approach. Under the income-based approach, the fair value of a reporting unit is estimated using a discounted cash flow model that requires us to make significant estimates based on our judgment regarding future revenues and expenses, projected capital expenditures, changes in working capital, and the appropriate discount rate. Under the the-market based approach, we estimate the fair value of a reporting unit as the sale price that we could reasonably expect to realize from the sale of the reporting unit. In estimating this sale price, we reference valuation multiples implied by the trading price of the common stock of comparable publicly-traded companies selected based on our judgment, as well as the purchase price paid by the acquirer in sale transactions involving comparable companies selected based on our judgment. The trading price of our common stock declined significantly in the quarter ended December 30, 2018, increasing the difference between the market value of Vista Outdoor equity and the book value of the assets recorded on our balance sheet and implying that investors’ may believe that the fair value of our reporting units is lower than their book value. In addition, as a result of a weaker than expected 2018 holiday shopping season and increasing uncertainty from the impact of retail bankruptcies, tariffs and other factors affecting the market for our products, we reduced our sales projections for fiscal year 2020 and beyond for a number of our reporting units for purposes of our long-range financial plan, which is updated annually beginning in our third quarter. As a result of these factors, we determined that a triggering event had occurred during the quarter with respect to our Hunting and Shooting Accessories, Outdoor Recreation, and Action Sports reporting units, which required that we assess the fair value of these reporting units using the income-based and market-based approaches described above. As a result of this assessment, during the quarter ended December 30, 2018, Vista Outdoor recorded a $429,395 impairment of goodwill and identifiable indefinite-lived intangible assets related to our Hunting and Shooting Accessories, Outdoor Recreation, and Action Sports reporting units. In each impaired reporting unit, our estimate of fair value was negatively impacted by the lower projected sales described above, resulting in reduced cash flows for those businesses in fiscal year 2020 and beyond. Our estimates of the fair values of these reporting units was also significantly reduced by increases in prevailing interest rates, which required that we apply a higher discount rate in the income-based valuation approach, and by lower valuation multiples implied by recent trading prices for the common stock of comparable publicly traded companies, which required that we apply lower valuation multiples in estimating the fair value of these reporting units using the market-based approach. The excess carrying amount over fair value, and resulting goodwill impairment, in our Hunting and Shooting Accessories reporting unit was $38,386 . As a result of the goodwill impairment, there is no remaining goodwill in our Hunting and Shooting Accessories reporting unit. To determine the fair value under the income approach, we used, based on our judgment, a discount rate of 9% and a terminal growth rate of 3% . During the quarter ended December 30, 2018, we also performed an interim test for indefinite-lived tradename impairment and recorded a $36,223 impairment related to our Bushnell, Outers, Champion, and Weaver's tradenames. We determined the fair values of the indefinite-lived tradenames using royalty rates ranging from 1.0% to 2.0% . The excess carrying amount over fair value, and resulting goodwill impairment, in our Outdoor Recreation reporting unit was $129,470 . As a result of the goodwill impairment, there is $121,329 of remaining goodwill in our Outdoor Recreation reporting unit. To determine the fair value under the income approach, we used, based on our judgment, a discount rate of 9% and a terminal growth rate of 3% . During the quarter ended December 30, 2018, we also performed an interim test for indefinite-lived tradename impairment and recorded a $43,400 impairment related to our CamelBak tradename. We determined the fair value of the indefinite-lived tradename using a royalty rate of 2.0% . The excess carrying amount over fair value, and resulting goodwill impairment, in our Action Sports reporting unit was $159,916 . As a result of the goodwill impairment, there is no remaining goodwill in our Action Sports reporting unit. To determine the fair value under the income approach, we used, based on our judgment, a discount rate of 9% and a terminal growth rate of 3% . During the quarter ended December 30, 2018, we also performed an interim test for indefinite-lived tradename impairment and recorded a $22,000 impairment related to our Giro tradename. We determined the fair value of the indefinite-lived tradenames using royalty rates ranging from 1.0% to 1.5% . We evaluated our other reporting unit and concluded that the fair value exceeded the carrying amount. The goodwill recorded within the Outdoor Products segment is presented net of $872,878 of accumulated impairment losses, of which $327,772 was recorded during the quarter ended December 30, 2018 , $143,400 was recorded in fiscal 2018, and $401,706 was recorded prior to fiscal 2018. The remeasurement of goodwill and intangible assets is classified as a Level 3 fair value assessment as described in Note 2 , Fair Value of Financial Instruments , due to the significance of unobservable inputs developed using company-specific information. Net intangible assets other than goodwill consisted of the following: December 30, 2018 March 31, 2018 Gross Accumulated Total Gross Accumulated Total Trade names $ 48,360 $ (9,761 ) $ 38,599 $ 62,657 $ (11,993 ) $ 50,664 Patented technology 16,612 (9,364 ) 7,248 16,466 (8,157 ) 8,309 Customer relationships and other 240,112 (66,707 ) 173,405 318,476 (91,093 ) 227,383 Total 305,084 (85,832 ) 219,252 397,599 (111,243 ) 286,356 Non-amortizing trade names 145,364 — 145,364 305,923 — 305,923 Net intangible assets $ 450,448 $ (85,832 ) $ 364,616 $ 703,522 $ (111,243 ) $ 592,279 The loss of a key customer for our stand up paddle boards business during the quarter ended September 30, 2018 resulted in a reduction of the projected cash flows for the stand up paddle boards business. Given the associated decrease in projected cash flows for the period, we determined that a triggering event had occurred. This analysis resulted in a $23,411 impairment charge related to customer relationship intangibles associated with the Jimmy Styks acquisition. In the quarter ended December 30, 2018, we decided to close down some small operations. As a result, we impaired $3,217 of net amortizing intangible assets in the Outdoor Products Segment. The remeasurement of intangible assets is classified as a Level 3 fair value assessment as described in Note 2 due to the significance of unobservable inputs developed using company-specific information. The amortizable intangible assets in the table above are being amortized using a straight-line method over a weighted average remaining period of approximately 12.5 years. The amount of amortizing intangible assets for the Outdoor Products segment is presented net of a $26,628 impairment charge recorded in fiscal 2019 and a $61,054 impairment charge recorded in fiscal 2017. The amount of non-amortizing tradename intangible assets in the Outdoor Products segment is presented net of $101,623 , $8,920 , and $34,230 of impairment losses recorded in fiscal 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively; and, the amount of non-amortizing tradename intangible assets in the Shooting Sports segment is presented net of $11,200 of impairment losses recorded in fiscal 2015. Amortization expense for the quarters ended December 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was $5,664 and $8,400 , respectively, and for the nine months ended December 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was $19,284 and $26,653 , respectively. As of December 30, 2018 , we expect amortization expense related to these assets to be as follows: Remainder of fiscal 2019 $ 4,652 Fiscal 2020 20,071 Fiscal 2021 20,047 Fiscal 2022 19,992 Fiscal 2023 19,877 Thereafter 134,613 Total $ 219,252 |