Fair Value | Note 3. Fair Value The fair value of financial assets and liabilities are determined utilizing a three-level framework as follows: Level 1 – Observable inputs, such as unadjusted quoted prices in active markets, for substantially identical assets and liabilities. Level 2 – Observable inputs other than quoted prices within Level 1 for similar assets and liabilities. These include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data. If the asset or liability has a specified or contractual term, the input must be observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, generally requiring a significant amount of judgment by management. The methods described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Further, although we believe our valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date. We did not have any transfers of assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis to or from Level 1, Level 2, or Level 3 during the three months ended October 31, 2021, or the year ended July 31, 2021. The carrying values of cash, prepaid expenses, accounts payable and accrued wages approximate their fair value due to their short maturities. No changes were made to our valuation techniques during the quarter ended October 31, 2021. Contingent Liabilities At October 31, 2021 and July 31, 2021, we had contingent consideration related to the acquisition of intellectual property, know-how and patents for an anti-choking, life-saving medical device in fiscal 2019. According to the agreement, we will make a one-time cash payment totaling $250,000 upon FDA clearance of the device. The fair value of the contingent consideration is reviewed quarterly and determined based on the current status of the project (Level 3). We determined the value was zero at both periods since it is not yet probable that we will file for FDA clearance. We also had contingent consideration at October 31, 2021 and July 31, 2021 related to milestones in our Asset Purchase Agreement with Prevacus, Inc. The fair value of the contingent consideration is reviewed quarterly and determined based on the current status of the project (Level 3). Based on these reviews, the fair value of the contingent consideration was determined to be zero at both periods as it is not yet probable that any of the milestones will be met. Fixed-Rate Debt We have fixed-rate debt that is reported on our Balance Sheets at carrying value less unamortized debt discount and closing costs. The fair value of our fixed rate debt was calculated using a discounted cash flow methodology with estimated current interest rates based on similar risk profile and duration (Level 2). The carrying value, excluding unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs, and the fair value of our fixed-rate long-term debt was as follows: Schedule of Fixed-Rate Debt October 31, 2021 July 31, 2021 Carrying value $ 1,300,000 $ 1,087,270 Fair value $ 1,300,000 $ 1,094,212 Non-Financial Assets Non-financial assets, such as Property and equipment, are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis when events or circumstances indicate that an impairment may have occurred. If we determine these assets to be impaired, they are reported at fair value as calculated during the period. No non-financial assets were recorded at fair value during the three months ended October 31, 2021 or the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021. |