Revenue Recognition | 3. Revenue Recognition ASC 606 Adoption and Impact to Previously Reported Results The Company adopted the revised standard as of January 1, 2018, utilizing the modified retrospective transition method Effective July 1, 2018, the Company lost its EGC status which accelerated the requirement of ASC 606 adoption. As a result, the Company adjusted its previously reported interim financial statements effective January 1, 2018. As of January 1, 2018, the adoption of the revised standard resulted in the following: • An increase in deferred customer acquisition cost of $16.2 million, of which $3.2 million is reported in prepayments and other current assets and $13.0 million is reported in other non-current assets • Recorded a contract asset of $2.8 million, of which $2.6 million is reported in prepayments and other current assets and $0.2 million is reclassed to other non-current assets • A decrease in accounts receivable of $0.4 million • A decrease in short-term deferred revenues of $9.5 million • An increase in long-term deferred revenues of $0.8 million • A net increase of $5.7 million in deferred tax liabilities, • A decrease of $21.8 million in accumulated deficit These adjustments are as a result of the capitalization of customer acquisition costs, primarily deferred contract acquisition costs December 31, 2017 January 1, 2018 As reported (ASC 605) Impact of adoption As adjusted (ASC 606) Assets Current assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 116,049 $ — $ 116,049 Restricted cash 78 — 78 Accounts receivable 72,907 (355 ) 72,552 Prepayments and other current assets 10,013 5,848 15,861 Total current assets 199,047 5,493 204,540 Property and equipment, net 3,018 — 3,018 Deferred tax asset - non-current 264 (264 ) — Other non-current assets 3,542 13,232 16,774 Goodwill 219,377 — 219,377 Intangible assets, net 81,185 — 81,185 Total assets $ 506,433 $ 18,461 $ 524,894 Liabilities and stockholders’ equity Current liabilities Accounts payable $ 2,231 $ — $ 2,231 Accrued expenses and other liabilities 22,636 — 22,636 Income taxes payable 1,688 — 1,688 Deferred revenue - current 73,671 (9,508 ) 64,163 Total current liabilities 100,226 (9,508 ) 90,718 Deferred tax liability - non-current — 5,422 5,422 Long-term debt 68,329 — 68,329 Other long-term liabilities 27 — 27 Deferred revenue - non-current 9,454 786 10,240 Total liabilities 178,036 (3,300 ) 174,736 Commitments and contingencies Stockholders’ equity Common stock, $0.0001 par value 8 — 8 Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, — — — Additional paid in capital 353,609 — 353,609 Accumulated deficit (25,220 ) 21,761 (3,459 ) Total stockholders' equity 328,397 21,761 350,158 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 506,433 $ 18,461 $ 524,894 Unaudited consolidated statement of financial position which reflect the adoption of ASC 606 are as follows by quarter (in thousands): March 31, 2018 June 30, 2018 As previously reported (ASC 605) Impact of adoption As adjusted (ASC 606) As previously reported (ASC 605) Impact of adoption As adjusted (ASC 606) Assets Current assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 130,859 $ — $ 130,859 $ 81,809 $ — $ 81,809 Restricted cash 126 — 126 120 — 120 Accounts receivable 55,997 (697 ) 55,300 55,196 (689 ) 54,507 Prepayments and other current assets 9,094 7,369 16,463 9,784 7,545 17,329 Income taxes receivable — 1,164 1,164 — 5,841 5,841 Total current assets 196,076 7,836 203,912 146,909 12,697 159,606 Property and equipment, net 3,126 — 3,126 3,595 — 3,595 Deferred tax asset - non-current 264 (264 ) — 264 (264 ) — Other non-current assets 3,106 13,090 16,196 3,328 14,101 17,429 Goodwill 219,377 — 219,377 219,377 — 219,377 Intangible assets, net 78,979 — 78,979 76,773 — 76,773 Total assets 500,928 20,662 521,590 450,246 26,534 476,780 Liabilities and stockholders’ equity Current liabilities Accounts payable 1,872 — 1,872 2,894 — 2,894 Accrued expenses and other liabilities 12,012 (867 ) 11,145 14,106 (1,467 ) 12,639 Income taxes payable 1,918 (1,918 ) — 1,423 (1,423 ) — Deferred revenue - current 75,883 (7,144 ) 68,739 81,322 (6,079 ) 75,243 Total current liabilities 91,685 (9,929 ) 81,756 99,745 (8,969 ) 90,776 Deferred tax liability - non-current — 5,422 5,422 — 5,422 5,422 Long-term debt 68,321 — 68,321 9,640 — 9,640 Other long-term liabilities 65 — 65 51 — 51 Deferred revenue - non-current 13,175 (256 ) 12,919 13,817 (12 ) 13,805 Total liabilities 173,246 (4,763 ) 168,483 123,253 (3,559 ) 119,694 Commitments and contingencies Stockholders’ equity Common stock, $0.0001 par value 9 — 9 9 — 9 Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value — — — — — — Additional paid in capital 358,858 — 358,858 363,818 — 363,818 Accumulated deficit (31,185 ) 25,425 (5,760 ) (36,834 ) 30,093 (6,741 ) Total stockholders' equity 327,682 25,425 353,107 326,993 30,093 357,086 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 500,928 $ 20,662 $ 521,590 $ 450,246 $ 26,534 $ 476,780 September 30, 2018 December 31, 2018 As previously reported (ASC 605) Impact of adoption As adjusted (ASC 606) Presented without adoption (ASC 605) Impact of adoption As adjusted with adoption (ASC 606) Assets Current assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 83,315 $ — $ 83,315 $ 70,964 $ — $ 70,964 Restricted cash 121 — 121 6,272 — 6,272 Accounts receivable 71,316 (551 ) 70,765 102,188 (719 ) 101,469 Prepayments and other current assets 11,743 6,702 18,445 10,982 10,868 21,850 Income taxes receivable — 3,399 3,399 — — — Total current assets 166,495 9,550 176,045 190,406 10,149 200,555 Property and equipment, net 10,103 — 10,103 19,268 — 19,268 Deferred tax asset - non-current 264 (264 ) — 736 (736 ) — Other non-current assets 3,236 15,107 18,343 7,853 12,521 20,374 Goodwill 219,377 — 219,377 219,377 — 219,377 Intangible assets, net 74,567 — 74,567 74,860 — 74,860 Total assets 474,042 24,393 498,435 512,500 21,934 534,434 Liabilities and stockholders’ equity Current liabilities Accounts payable 3,036 — 3,036 4,636 — 4,636 Accrued expenses and other liabilities 18,623 (1,076 ) 17,547 21,886 (155 ) 21,731 Income taxes payable 2,099 (2,099 ) — 2,037 106 2,143 Deferred revenue - current 86,679 (6,432 ) 80,247 102,996 (7,077 ) 95,919 Current portion of long-term debt 9,669 — 9,669 — — — Total current liabilities 120,106 (9,607 ) 110,499 131,555 (7,126 ) 124,429 Deferred tax liability - non-current — 5,422 5,422 — 4,142 4,142 Long-term debt — — — — — — Other long-term liabilities 4,404 — 4,404 9,824 (36 ) 9,788 Deferred revenue - non-current 13,976 (22 ) 13,954 21,191 (2,809 ) 18,382 Total liabilities 138,486 (4,207 ) 134,279 162,570 (5,829 ) 156,741 Commitments and contingencies Stockholders’ equity Common stock, $0.0001 par value 9 — 9 9 — 9 Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value — — — — — — Additional paid in capital 369,079 — 369,079 377,473 — 377,473 (Accumulated deficit) retained earnings (33,532 ) 28,600 (4,932 ) (27,552 ) 27,763 211 Total stockholders' equity 335,556 28,600 364,156 349,930 27,763 377,693 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 474,042 $ 24,393 $ 498,435 $ 512,500 $ 21,934 $ 534,434 Select unaudited consolidated statement of operations which reflect the adoption of ASC 606 are as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data): Three Month Ended March 31, 2018 As previously reported (ASC 605) Impact of adoption As adjusted (ASC 606) Revenue Licenses $ 16,987 $ (179 ) $ 16,808 Subscription 23,005 (500 ) 22,505 Services and other 9,722 (94 ) 9,628 Total revenue 49,714 (773 ) 48,941 Cost of revenue Licenses 1,138 — 1,138 Subscription 4,658 — 4,658 Services and other 6,974 — 6,974 Total cost of revenue 12,770 — 12,770 Gross profit 36,944 (773 ) 36,171 Operating expenses Research and development 9,762 — 9,762 General and administrative 7,657 — 7,657 Sales and marketing 23,815 (1,356 ) 22,459 Total operating expenses 41,234 (1,356 ) 39,878 Loss from operations (4,290 ) 583 (3,707 ) Other expense, net: Interest expense, net (1,178 ) — (1,178 ) Other, net (147 ) — (147 ) Total other expense, net (1,325 ) — (1,325 ) Loss before income taxes (5,615 ) 583 (5,032 ) Income tax (352 ) 3,082 2,730 Net loss $ (5,967 ) $ 3,665 $ (2,302 ) Net loss per share Basic $ (0.07 ) $ 0.04 $ (0.03 ) Diluted $ (0.07 ) $ 0.04 $ (0.03 ) Weighted average shares outstanding Basic 85,719,240 — 85,719,240 Diluted 85,719,240 — 85,719,240 Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 June 30, 2018 As previously reported (ASC 605) Impact of adoption As adjusted (ASC 606) As previously reported (ASC 605) Impact of adoption As adjusted (ASC 606) Revenue Licenses $ 19,128 $ 492 $ 19,620 $ 36,115 $ 313 $ 36,428 Subscription 25,051 (941 ) 24,110 48,056 (1,441 ) 46,615 Services and other 10,381 (455 ) 9,926 20,103 (549 ) 19,554 Total revenue 54,560 (904 ) 53,656 104,274 (1,677 ) 102,597 Cost of revenue Licenses 1,260 — 1,260 2,398 — 2,398 Subscription 4,919 — 4,919 9,577 — 9,577 Services and other 7,197 — 7,197 14,171 — 14,171 Total cost of revenue 13,376 — 13,376 26,146 — 26,146 Gross profit 41,184 (904 ) 40,280 78,128 (1,677 ) 76,451 Operating expenses Research and development 10,115 — 10,115 19,877 — 19,877 General and administrative 7,743 — 7,743 15,400 — 15,400 Sales and marketing 25,163 (1,389 ) 23,774 48,978 (2,745 ) 46,233 Total operating expenses 43,021 (1,389 ) 41,632 84,255 (2,745 ) 81,510 Loss from operations (1,837 ) 485 (1,352 ) (6,127 ) 1,068 (5,059 ) Other expense, net: Interest expense, net (2,800 ) — (2,800 ) (3,978 ) — (3,978 ) Other, net (569 ) — (569 ) (716 ) — (716 ) Total other expense, net (3,369 ) — (3,369 ) (4,694 ) — (4,694 ) Loss before income taxes (5,206 ) 485 (4,721 ) (10,821 ) 1,068 (9,753 ) Income tax (expense) benefit (441 ) 4,183 3,742 (793 ) 7,265 6,472 Net loss $ (5,647 ) $ 4,668 $ (979 ) $ (11,614 ) $ 8,333 $ (3,281 ) Net loss per share Basic $ (0.07 ) $ 0.06 $ (0.01 ) $ (0.14 ) $ 0.10 $ (0.04 ) Diluted $ (0.07 ) $ 0.06 $ (0.01 ) $ (0.14 ) $ 0.10 $ (0.04 ) Weighted average shares outstanding Basic 86,246,056 — 86,246,056 85,984,103 — 85,984,103 Diluted 86,246,056 — 86,246,056 85,984,103 — 85,984,103 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 September 30, 2018 As previously reported (ASC 605) Impact of adoption As adjusted (ASC 606) As previously reported (ASC 605) Impact of adoption As adjusted (ASC 606) Revenue Licenses $ 28,131 $ (108 ) $ 28,023 $ 64,246 $ 205 $ 64,451 Subscription 28,461 (545 ) 27,916 76,517 (1,986 ) 74,531 Services and other 9,827 (31 ) 9,796 29,930 (580 ) 29,350 Total revenue 66,419 (684 ) 65,735 170,693 (2,361 ) 168,332 Cost of revenue Licenses 1,145 — 1,145 3,543 — 3,543 Subscription 5,252 — 5,252 14,829 — 14,829 Services and other 7,617 — 7,617 21,788 — 21,788 Total cost of revenue 14,014 — 14,014 40,160 — 40,160 Gross profit 52,405 (684 ) 51,721 130,533 (2,361 ) 128,172 Operating expenses Research and development 11,474 — 11,474 31,351 — 31,351 General and administrative 8,763 — 8,763 24,163 — 24,163 Sales and marketing 27,658 (957 ) 26,701 76,636 (3,702 ) 72,934 Total operating expenses 47,895 (957 ) 46,938 132,150 (3,702 ) 128,448 Income (loss) from operations 4,510 273 4,783 (1,617 ) 1,341 (276 ) Other expense, net: Interest expense, net (202 ) — (202 ) (4,180 ) — (4,180 ) Other, net (388 ) — (388 ) (1,104 ) — (1,104 ) Total other expense, net (590 ) — (590 ) (5,284 ) — (5,284 ) Income (loss) before income taxes 3,920 273 4,193 (6,901 ) 1,341 (5,560 ) Income tax (expense) benefit (618 ) (1,767 ) (2,385 ) (1,411 ) 5,498 4,087 Net income (loss) $ 3,302 $ (1,494 ) $ 1,808 $ (8,312 ) $ 6,839 $ (1,473 ) Net income (loss) per share Basic $ 0.04 $ (0.02 ) $ 0.02 $ (0.10 ) $ 0.08 $ (0.02 ) Diluted $ 0.04 $ (0.02 ) $ 0.02 $ (0.10 ) $ 0.08 $ (0.02 ) Weighted average shares outstanding Basic 86,825,168 — 86,825,168 86,267,539 — 86,267,539 Diluted 90,355,212 — 90,355,212 86,267,539 — 86,267,539 Three Months Ended Year Ended December 31, 2018 December 31, 2018 Presented without adoption (ASC 605) Impact of adoption As adjusted with adoption (ASC 606) Presented without adoption (ASC 605) Impact of adoption As adjusted with adoption (ASC 606) Revenue Licenses $ 37,447 $ 3,102 $ 40,549 $ 101,693 $ 3,307 $ 105,000 Subscription 30,015 (513 ) 29,502 106,532 (2,499 ) 104,033 Services and other 10,320 217 10,537 40,250 (363 ) 39,887 Total revenue 77,782 2,806 80,588 248,475 445 248,920 Cost of revenue Licenses 1,091 — 1,091 4,634 — 4,634 Subscription 5,905 — 5,905 20,734 — 20,734 Services and other 7,514 — 7,514 29,302 — 29,302 Total cost of revenue 14,510 — 14,510 54,670 — 54,670 Gross profit 63,272 2,806 66,078 193,805 445 194,250 Operating expenses Research and development 11,803 — 11,803 43,154 — 43,154 General and administrative 10,618 — 10,618 34,781 — 34,781 Sales and marketing 33,623 (1,155 ) 32,468 110,259 (4,857 ) 105,402 Total operating expenses 56,044 (1,155 ) 54,889 188,194 (4,857 ) 183,337 Income from operations 7,228 3,961 11,189 5,611 5,302 10,913 Other expense, net: Interest expense, net (527 ) — (527 ) (4,707 ) — (4,707 ) Other, net (342 ) — (342 ) (1,446 ) — (1,446 ) Total other expense, net (869 ) — (869 ) (6,153 ) — (6,153 ) Income before income taxes 6,359 3,961 10,320 (542 ) 5,302 4,760 Income tax expense (benefit) (380 ) (4,797 ) (5,177 ) (1,791 ) 701 (1,090 ) Net income (loss) $ 5,979 $ (836 ) $ 5,143 $ (2,333 ) $ 6,003 $ 3,670 Net income per share Basic $ 0.07 $ (0.01 ) $ 0.06 $ (0.03 ) $ 0.07 $ 0.04 Diluted $ 0.07 $ (0.01 ) $ 0.06 $ (0.03 ) $ 0.07 $ 0.04 Weighted average shares outstanding Basic 87,171,161 — 87,171,161 86,495,301 — 86,495,301 Diluted 90,234,993 — 90,234,993 86,495,301 3,507,451 90,002,752 Adoption of the revised standard related to revenue recognition had no impact to financing or investing cash flows on the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows. Selected unaudited consolidated statement of cash flows line items which reflect the adoption of ASC 606 are as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 As previously reported (ASC 605) Impact of adoption As adjusted (ASC 606) Operating activities Net loss $ (5,967 ) $ 3,665 $ (2,302 ) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization expense 2,628 — 2,628 Amortization of loan origination fees 108 — 108 Amortization of contract acquisition costs 1,139 536 1,675 Gain on disposal of fixed assets (4 ) — (4 ) Stock-based compensation expense 5,139 — 5,139 Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable 16,910 342 17,252 Prepayments and other current assets (220 ) (2,057 ) (2,277 ) Other non-current assets 436 142 578 Accounts payable (358 ) — (358 ) Accrued expenses and other liabilities (10,651 ) (868 ) (11,519 ) Income taxes 230 (3,082 ) (2,852 ) Deferred revenue 5,932 1,322 7,254 Net cash provided by operating activities $ 15,322 $ — $ 15,322 Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 As previously reported (ASC 605) Impact of adoption As adjusted (ASC 606) Operating activities Net loss $ (11,614 ) $ 8,333 $ (3,281 ) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization expense 5,278 — 5,278 Amortization of loan origination fees 191 — 191 Amortization of contract acquisition costs 2,007 1,394 3,401 Loss on modification and partial extinguishment of debt 1,536 — 1,536 Gain on disposal of fixed assets (48 ) — (48 ) Stock-based compensation expense 9,255 — 9,255 Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable 17,711 333 18,044 Prepayments and other current assets (1,778 ) (3,091 ) (4,869 ) Other non-current assets 214 (869 ) (655 ) Accounts payable 663 — 663 Accrued expenses and other liabilities (8,557 ) (1,467 ) (10,024 ) Income taxes (264 ) (7,265 ) (7,529 ) Deferred revenue 12,013 2,632 14,645 Net cash provided by operating activities $ 26,607 $ — $ 26,607 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 As previously reported (ASC 605) Impact of adoption As adjusted (ASC 606) Operating activities Net loss $ (8,312 ) $ 6,839 $ (1,473 ) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization expense 7,977 — 7,977 Amortization of loan origination fees 220 — 220 Amortization of contract acquisition costs 3,001 2,555 5,556 Loss on modification and partial extinguishment of debt 1,536 — 1,536 Gain on disposal of fixed assets (36 ) — (36 ) Bad debt 299 — 299 Stock-based compensation expense 14,138 — 14,138 Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable 1,292 195 1,487 Prepayments and other current assets (4,731 ) (3,409 ) (8,140 ) Other non-current assets 306 (1,873 ) (1,567 ) Accounts payable 805 — 805 Accrued expenses and other liabilities (4,078 ) (1,077 ) (5,155 ) Income taxes 411 (5,498 ) (5,087 ) Deferred revenue 17,530 2,268 19,798 Net cash provided by operating activities $ 30,358 $ — $ 30,358 Year Ended December 31, 2018 Presented without adoption (ASC 605) Impact of adoption As adjusted with adoption (ASC 606) Operating activities Net income $ (2,333 ) $ 6,003 $ 3,670 Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization expense 10,736 — 10,736 Amortization of loan origination fees 238 — 238 Amortization of contract acquisition costs 3,889 3,864 7,753 Loss on modification and extinguishment of debt 1,848 — 1,848 (Gain) loss on disposal of fixed assets (20 ) — (20 ) Bad debt expense 2,332 — 2,332 Stock-based compensation expense 18,975 — 18,975 Deferred taxes (471 ) (809 ) (1,280 ) Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable (31,613 ) 364 (31,249 ) Prepayments and other current assets (4,858 ) (8,884 ) (13,742 ) Other non-current assets (4,310 ) 711 (3,599 ) Accounts payable 2,406 — 2,406 Accrued expenses and other liabilities (690 ) (192 ) (882 ) Income taxes 349 106 455 Deferred revenue 41,062 (1,163 ) 39,899 Net cash provided by operating activities 37,540 — 37,540 Disaggregation of revenue The Company’s revenue by geographic region based on the customer’s location is presented in Footnote 14. The following table presents the Company’s revenue by timing of revenue recognition to understand the risks of timing of transfer of control and cash flows: Year Ended December 31, 2018 License Subscription Services and other (in thousands) Timing of revenue recognition Revenue recognized at a point in time $ 105,000 $ — $ — Revenue recognized over time — 104,033 39,887 Total revenue $ 105,000 $ 104,033 $ 39,887 Contract Balances A summary of the activity impacting our contract balances during year ended December 31, 2018 is presented below (in thousands): Contract acquisition costs Balances at December 31, 2017 $ 5,949 Adoption of ASC 606 16,199 Additional deferred contract acquisition costs 1,439 Amortization of deferred contract acquisition costs (1,675 ) Balances at March 31, 2018 21,912 Additional deferred contract acquisition costs 3,096 Amortization of deferred contract acquisition costs (1,726 ) Balances at June 30, 2018 23,282 Additional deferred contract acquisition costs 3,345 Amortization of deferred contract acquisition costs (2,155 ) Balances at September 30, 2018 24,472 Additional deferred contract acquisition costs 5,768 Amortization of deferred contract acquisition costs (2,197 ) Balances at December 31, 2018 $ 28,043 Deferred revenue (current) Deferred revenue (non-current) Balances at December 31, 2017 $ 73,671 $ 9,454 Adoption of ASC 606 (9,508 ) 786 Increase (decrease), net 4,576 2,679 Balances at March 31, 2018 68,739 12,919 Increase (decrease), net 6,504 886 Balances at June 30, 2018 75,243 13,805 Increase (decrease), net 5,004 149 Balances at September 30, 2018 80,247 13,954 Increase (decrease), net 15,672 4,428 Balances at December 31, 2018 $ 95,919 $ 18,382 The deferred revenue balance decreased as of January 1, 2018 primarily due to the impacts of upfront recognition of term license revenue which were delivered prior to January 1, 2018, and from allocation of transaction prices based on performance obligations on revised standalone selling price (SSP) methodologies. Under the prior standard, the entire transaction fee was recognized ratably, however the revised standard requires upfront recognition of a portion of the transaction price allocated to the term license delivered at the inception of the arrangement. Revenue recognized during the 2018 reporting period that was previously deferred at January 1, 2018 was $ 75.0 Contract assets primarily relate to unbilled amounts, which are netted with deferred revenue at contract level, and typically result from sales contracts when revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer, and the right to payment is subject to more than the passage of time. The contract assets are transferred to accounts receivable when the rights become unconditional. During the year ended December 31, 2018, other significant changes to the opening and closing balances include contract assets of $6.3 million that were reclassified to receivables. During the year ended December 31, 2018, there were no impairment losses recognized on contract assets. Remaining performance obligation The Company applied the practical expedient in accordance with ASC 606 to exclude contracts for which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice for services performed. This primarily consists of professional services contracts that are on a time-and-material basis and for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less. Our contracts with customers include amounts allocated to performance obligations that will be satisfied at a later date. Remaining performance obligations represent contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized and include deferred revenues, invoices that have been issued to customers but have not been recognized as revenues and amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. As of December 31, 2018, amounts allocated to these additional contractual obligations are $165.1 million, of which we expect to recognize $109.7 million as revenue over the next 12 months with the remaining amount thereafter. Assets Recognized from the Costs to Obtain our Contracts with Customers As of December 31, 2018, $8.4 million of our deferred contract acquisition costs that are expected to be amortized within the next 12 months and therefore are included in prepayments and other current assets. The remaining amount of our deferred contract acquisition costs are included in other non-current assets. There were no impairments of assets related to deferred contract acquisition costs during the year ended December 31, 2018. The cumulative adjustment to our deferred cost balance as of January 1, 2018 represents the incremental cost to obtain contracts for contracts which were not complete as of the adoption date, that were expensed pursuant to the prior standard but require capitalization under the revised standard. Deferred contract acquisition costs, which primarily consist of cumulative capitalized incremental costs to obtain contracts were $28.0 million as of December 31, 2018 and $22.1 million as of January 1, 2018, of which $16.2 million was due to the adoption of the revised standard. For the year ended December 31, 2018, amortization of deferred contract acquisition costs of $7.8 million were recorded, and there were no impairments of deferred contract acquisition costs. |