thereof. These rights, preferences and privileges could include dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting, or the designation of, such series, any or all of which may be greater than the rights of common stock. The issuance of our preferred stock could adversely affect the voting power of holders of common stock and the likelihood that such holders will receive dividend payments and payments upon our liquidation. In addition, the issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our company or other corporate action. After the consummation of this offering, no shares of preferred stock will be outstanding, and we have no present plan to issue any shares of preferred stock.
Registration rights
Under our amended and restated investors’ rights agreement, certain holders of shares of our common stock, or their transferees, have the right to require us to register their shares under the Securities Act so that those shares may be publicly resold, those holders, or their transferees, have the right to include their shares in any registration statement we file, in each case as described below. The shares subject to such registration rights are referred to as registrable securities.
Form S-1 demand registration rights
Holders of registrable securities are entitled to certain Form S-1 demand registration rights.
Beginning on August 11, 2020, the holders of at least a majority of the registrable securities can request that we register all or a portion of their shares, so long as such holders request that we register at least 40% of the registrable securities. These stockholders may make up to two requests for registration on Form S-1.
Form S-3 demand registration rights
Holders of registrable securities are entitled to certain Form S-3 demand registration rights. If we are eligible to use a Form S-3 registration statement, the holders of at least 20% of the registrable securities can request that we register all or a portion of their shares on a Form S-3 registration statement if the anticipated aggregate offering price is at least $5.0 million, net of certain expenses related to the sale of the shares. These stockholders may make unlimited requests for registration on Form S-3, provided that we are not obligated to effect, or take any action to effect, a registration on Form S-3 if we have effected two registrations on Form S-3 pursuant to requests by these stockholders within the 12 month period immediately preceding such request.
Piggyback registration rights
In the event that we determine to register any of our securities under the Securities Act (subject to certain exceptions), either for our own account or for the account of other security holders, the holders of the holders of the registrable securities are entitled to certain “piggyback” registration rights allowing the holders to include their shares in such registration, subject to certain marketing and other limitations. As a result, whenever we propose to file a registration statement under the Securities Act, other than with respect to certain registrations, including related to the sale of securities to employees pursuant to employee benefit plans, the offer and sale of debt securities, or a Securities and Exchange Commission Rule 145 transaction, the holders of the registrable securities are entitled to notice of the registration and have the right, subject to limitations that the underwriters may impose on the number of shares included in the registration, to include their shares in the registration. In an underwritten offering, the underwriters have the right, subject to specified conditions, to limit the number of shares such holders may include.
Expenses of registration
We will pay the registration expenses, excluding certain expenses related to the sale of shares, of the holders of the shares registered pursuant to the Form S-1 demand, Form S-3 demand and piggyback registration rights described above, including the reasonable expenses of one counsel for the selling holders not to exceed $25,000.
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