| Document and Entity Information | Dec. 14, 2021 |
| Cover [Abstract] | |
| Amendment Flag | false |
| Entity Central Index Key | 0001629137 |
| Document Type | 8-K |
| Document Period End Date | Dec. 14, 2021 |
| Entity Registrant Name | Global Blood Therapeutics, Inc. |
| Entity Incorporation State Country Code | DE |
| Entity File Number | 001-37539 |
| Entity Tax Identification Number | 27-4825712 |
| Entity Address, Address Line One | 181 Oyster Point Blvd. |
| Entity Address, City or Town | South San Francisco |
| Entity Address, State or Province | CA |
| Entity Address, Postal Zip Code | 94080 |
| City Area Code | (650) |
| Local Phone Number | 741-7700 |
| Written Communications | false |
| Soliciting Material | false |
| Pre Commencement Tender Offer | false |
| Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer | false |
| Security 12b Title | Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share |
| Trading Symbol | GBT |
| Security Exchange Name | NASDAQ |
| Entity Emerging Growth Company | false |
