REVENUE RECOGNITION AND CONTRACTS | REVENUE RECOGNITION AND CONTRACTS Adoption of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("Topic 606") On January 1, 2018, we adopted Topic 606 using the modified retrospective method applied to all contracts that were not completed as of January 1, 2018. Results for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018 are presented under Topic 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for the prior period. We recorded a $0.5 million net increase to opening retained earnings as of January 1, 2018 from the cumulative effect of adopting Topic 606 that primarily related to transitioning the timing of certain sales commissions expense. The effect on revenue from adopting Topic 606 was not material for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Revenue Recognition A performance obligation is a contractual promise to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer. A contract's transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and is recognized as revenue when (point in time) or as (over time) the performance obligation is satisfied. Revenue from goods and services transferred to customers at a point in time, which includes certain aftermarket parts and services primarily in the Power and Industrial segments, accounted for 22% and 17% of our revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and 18% and 16% of our revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Revenue on these contracts is recognized when the customer obtains control of the asset, which is generally upon shipment or delivery and acceptance by the customer. Standard commercial payment terms generally apply to these sales. Revenue from products and services transferred to customers over time accounted for 78% and 83% of our revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and 82% and 84% of our revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Revenue recognized over time primarily relates to customized, engineered solutions and construction services from all three of our segments. Typically, revenue is recognized over time using the percentage-of-completion method that uses costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion to measure progress toward satisfying our performance obligations. Incurred cost represents work performed, which corresponds with, and thereby best depicts, the transfer of control to the customer. Contract costs include labor, material, overhead and, when appropriate, SG&A expenses. Variable consideration in these contracts includes estimates of liquidated damages, contractual bonuses and penalties, and contract modifications. Substantially all of our revenue recognized over time under the percentage-of-completion method contains a single performance obligation as the interdependent nature of the goods and services provided prevents them from being separately identifiable within the contract. Generally, we try to structure contract milestones to mirror our expected cash outflows over the course of the contract; however, the timing of milestone receipts can greatly affect our overall cash position and have in 2018 in our Renewable segment. Refer to Note 5 for our disaggregation of revenue by product line. Contract modifications are routine in the performance of our contracts. Contracts are often modified to account for changes in the contract specifications or requirements. In most instances, contract modifications are for goods or services that are not distinct and, therefore, are accounted for as part of the existing contract, with cumulative adjustment to revenue. We recognize accrued claims in contract revenues for extra work or changes in scope of work to the extent of costs incurred when we believe we have an enforceable right to the modification or claim and the amount can be estimated reliably, and its realization is probable. In evaluating these criteria, we consider the contractual/legal basis for the claim, the cause of any additional costs incurred, the reasonableness of those costs and the objective evidence available to support the claim. We generally recognize sales commissions in equal proportion as revenue is recognized. Our sales agreements are structured such that commissions are only payable upon receipt of payment, thus a capitalized asset at contract inception has not been recorded for sales commission as a liability has not been incurred at that point. Contract Balances Contracts in progress, a current asset in our condensed consolidated balance sheets, includes revenues and related costs so recorded, plus accumulated contract costs that exceed amounts invoiced to customers under the terms of the contracts. Advance billings, a current liability in our condensed consolidated balance sheets, includes advance billings on contracts invoices that exceed accumulated contract costs and revenues and costs recognized under the percentage-of-completion method. Most long-term contracts contain provisions for progress payments. Our unbilled receivables do not contain an allowance for credit losses as we expect to invoice customers and collect all amounts for unbilled revenues. We review contract price and cost estimates periodically as the work progresses and reflect adjustments proportionate to the percentage-of-completion in income in the period when those estimates are revised. For all contracts, if a current estimate of total contract cost indicates a loss on a contract, the projected contract loss is recognized in full in the statement of operations and an accrual for the estimated loss on the uncompleted contract is included in other current liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. In addition, when we determine that an uncompleted contract will not be completed on-time and the contract has liquidated damages provisions, we recognize the estimated liquidated damages we will incur and record them as a reduction of the estimated selling price in the period the change in estimate occurs. Losses accrued in advance of the percentage-of-completion of a contract are included in other accrued liabilities, a current liability, in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The following represent the components of our contracts in progress and advance billings on contracts included in our condensed consolidated balance sheets: September 30, December 31, (in thousands) 2018 2017 Contract assets - included in contracts in progress: Costs incurred less costs of revenue recognized $ 51,083 $ 69,576 Revenues recognized less billings to customers 90,490 66,235 Contracts in progress $ 141,573 $ 135,811 Contract liabilities - included in advance billings on contracts: Billings to customers less revenues recognized $ 124,973 $ 168,880 Costs of revenue recognized less cost incurred 2,872 3,117 Advance billings on contracts $ 127,845 $ 171,997 Accrued contract losses $ 40,362 $ 40,634 The impact of adopting Topic 606 on components of our contracts in progress and advance billings on contracts was not material at September 30, 2018. Backlog On September 30, 2018 we had $921 million of remaining performance obligations, which we also refer to as total backlog. We expect to recognize approximately 28% , 33% and 39% of our remaining performance obligations as revenue in the remainder of 2018, 2019 and thereafter, respectively. Backlog reduced by approximately $467 million in September 2018 as a result of the sale of PBRRC described in Note 4 . Changes in Contract Estimates As of September 30, 2018, we have estimated the costs to complete in-process contracts in order to estimate revenues in accordance with the percentage-of-completion method of accounting. However, it is possible that current estimates could change due to unforeseen events, which could result in adjustments to overall contract costs. The risk on fixed-priced contracts is that revenue from the customer does not cover increases in our costs. It is possible that current estimates could materially change for various reasons, including, but not limited to, fluctuations in forecasted labor productivity, transportation, fluctuations in foreign exchange rates or steel and other raw material prices. Increases in costs on our fixed-price contracts could have a material adverse impact on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Alternatively, reductions in overall contract costs at completion could materially improve our consolidated financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Variations from estimated contract performance could result in material adjustments to operating results for any fiscal quarter or year. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 , we recognized changes in estimated gross profit related to long-term contracts accounted for on the percentage-of-completion basis, which are summarized as follows: Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, (in thousands) 2018 2017 2018 2017 Increases in gross profits for changes in estimates for over time contracts $ 2,326 $ 3,040 $ 16,182 $ 15,777 Decreases in gross profits for changes in estimates for over time contracts (26,583 ) (12,312 ) (136,992 ) (135,445 ) Net changes in gross profits for changes in estimates for over time contracts $ (24,257 ) $ (9,272 ) $ (120,810 ) $ (119,668 ) Renewable Loss Contracts We had four renewable energy contracts in Europe that were loss contracts at December 31, 2016. During the three months ended June 30, 2017, two additional renewable energy contracts in Europe became loss contracts. In the three months ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017, we recorded $19.1 million and $11.6 million in net losses, respectively, from changes in the estimated revenues and costs to complete these six European renewable energy loss contracts. These changes in estimates in the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 included increases in our estimates of anticipated liquidated damages that (increased) reduced revenue associated with these six contracts by $(0.2) million and $13.2 million , respectively. The total anticipated liquidated damages associated with these six contracts were $93.2 million and $62.8 million at September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017 , respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 there were corrections that reduced (increased) estimated contract losses at completion by $1.0 million , $(6.0) million and $1.1 million relating to the three months ended December 31, 2016, March 31, 2017 and June 30, 2017, respectively. Management has determined these amounts are immaterial to the consolidated financial statements in both previous periods. In the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017, we recorded $129.1 million and $123.8 million in net losses, respectively, inclusive of warranty expense as described in Note 15 , resulting from changes in the estimated revenues and costs to complete the six European renewable energy loss contracts. These changes in estimates in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 included increases in our estimates of anticipated liquidated damages that reduced revenue associated with these six contracts by $16.1 million and $27.0 million , respectively. The charges recorded in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017 were due to revisions in the estimated revenues and costs at completion during the period across the six loss contracts described below. Also, as described in Note 17 , the October 31, 2018 amendment to the U.S. Revolving Credit Facility requires $25.0 million of concessions from customers on these Renewable loss contracts to be secured by February 15, 2019. As of September 30, 2018, a portion of these concessions have been agreed, but have not been included in the contract estimates because of uncertainties in achieving related performance obligations. As of September 30, 2018 , the status of these six loss contracts was as follows: The first contract, a waste-to-energy plant in Denmark, became a loss contract in the second quarter of 2016. As of September 30, 2018 , this contract is approximately 97% complete and construction activities are complete as of the date of this report. The unit became operational during the second quarter of 2017 and is only pending completion of contractual trial operations and takeover activities and requirements, to which the customer has not yet agreed. Our estimates at September 30, 2018 assume complete takeover by the customer in the fourth quarter of 2018. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 , we recognized additional contract losses of $3.9 million and $19.3 million , respectively, on the contract as a result of differences in actual and estimated costs, schedule delays and issues encountered during preparation for formal trial operations. Losses in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 also related to increases in expected warranty costs. Our estimate at completion as of September 30, 2018 includes $9.4 million of total expected liquidated damages. As of September 30, 2018 , the reserve for estimated contract losses recorded in "other accrued liabilities" in our condensed consolidated balance sheet was $3.0 million . In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 , we recognized additional contract losses of $4.6 million and $15.1 million , respectively, as a result of differences in actual and estimated costs and schedule delays. As of September 30, 2017 , this contract had $2.3 million of accrued losses and was 97% complete. The second contract, a biomass plant in the United Kingdom, became a loss contract in the fourth quarter of 2016. As of September 30, 2018 , this contract was approximately 93% complete. Startup of the unit occurred in April 2018, and synchronization to the electrical grid while firing on biomass fuel occurred in September 2018. Trial operations and takeover by the customer is expected in the fourth quarter of 2018. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 , we recognized additional contract losses of $3.4 million and $16.8 million , respectively, on this contract as a result of repairs required during startup commissioning activities, additional expected punch list and other commissioning costs, and changes in construction cost estimates. Losses in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 also related to increases in expected warranty costs and subcontractor productivity being lower than previous estimates. Our estimate at completion as of September 30, 2018 includes $19.5 million of total expected liquidated damages due to schedule delays. Our estimates at completion as of September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017 also include contractual bonus opportunities for guaranteed higher power output (discussed further below). As of September 30, 2018 , the reserve for estimated contract losses recorded in "other accrued liabilities" in our condensed consolidated balance sheet was $5.6 million . In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 , we recognized contract gains of $2.0 million and losses of $35.4 million , respectively, from changes in the expected selling price, construction cost estimates and schedule delays, and as of September 30, 2017 , this contract had $13.6 million of accrued losses and was 75% complete. The third contract, a biomass plant in Denmark, became a loss contract in the fourth quarter of 2016. As of September 30, 2018 , this contract was approximately 97% complete and construction activities are complete as of the date of this report. The unit became operational during the second quarter of 2017, and partial takeover was achieved in March 2018, when the contract moved into the warranty phase. We agreed with the customer to a full takeover at the end of October 2018 and scheduled a time line for remaining punch list activities to be completed around the customer's future planned outages. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 , we recognized additional contract losses of $3.0 million and $6.5 million , respectively, as a result of changes in the estimated costs at completion. Our estimate at completion as of September 30, 2018 includes $7.0 million of total expected liquidated damages due to schedule delays. As of September 30, 2018 , the reserve for estimated contract losses recorded in "other accrued liabilities" in our condensed consolidated balance sheet was $1.1 million . In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 , we recognized charges of $1.6 million and $7.1 million , respectively, from changes in our estimate at completion, and as of September 30, 2017 , this contract had $1.7 million of accrued losses and was 95% complete. The fourth contract, a biomass plant in the United Kingdom, became a loss contract in the fourth quarter of 2016. As of September 30, 2018 , this contract was approximately 95% complete. Commissioning activities began in the first quarter of 2018, and construction was substantially complete at June 30, 2018. Startup of the unit occurred in May 2018, and synchronization to the electrical grid while firing on biomass fuel occurred in July 2018. Trial operations began in November 2018 and takeover by the customer is expected in the fourth quarter of 2018. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 , we revised our estimated revenue and costs at completion for this loss contract, which resulted in $4.1 million and $28.9 million , respectively, of additional contract losses due to challenges in startup commissioning activities, additional expected punch list and other commissioning costs, additional subcontractor costs and estimated liquidated damages. Losses in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 also include increases in expected warranty costs and subcontractor productivity being lower than previous estimates. Our estimate at completion as of September 30, 2018 includes $20.0 million of total expected liquidated damages due to schedule delays. Our estimates at completion as of September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017 also include contractual bonus opportunities for guaranteed higher power output (discussed further below). As of September 30, 2018 , the reserve for estimated contract losses recorded in "other accrued liabilities" in our condensed consolidated balance sheet was $3.1 million . In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 , we recognized a contract gain of $4.5 million and contract losses of $17.4 million , respectively, from changes in the expected selling price, changes in construction cost estimates and schedule delays, and as of September 30, 2017 , this contract had $5.2 million of accrued losses and was 77% complete. The fifth contract, a biomass plant in the United Kingdom, became a loss contract in the second quarter of 2017. As of September 30, 2018 , this contract was approximately 70% complete, and we expect construction will be substantially completed on this contract in early 2019 with takeover by the customer in the third quarter of 2019. During the three months ended September 30, 2018 , we made progress consistent with previous estimates and did not recognize any additional changes in estimated revenue or costs at completion for this contract. In September 2018, we connected to the electrical grid and generated first power from site, which enabled the customer to file the accreditation application with the regulatory agency. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we revised our estimated revenue and costs at completion for this loss contract which resulted in $39.7 million of additional contract losses, including estimated costs of taking over the civil scope in the first quarter of 2018 from our joint venture partner, who entered administration (similar to filing for bankruptcy in the U.S.) in late February 2018 and receipt of regulatory release later than expected in previous estimates (March 29, 2018) to begin repairs to the failed steel beam, which further increased costs to complete remaining work streams. Full access to the site was obtained on June 6, 2018, after the steel beam repairs were completed. The impact of the failed steel beam is discussed in more detail below. Losses in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 also reflect an extended schedule from greater challenges in restarting work on a site that had been idle pending repairs on the failed steel beam, including the extent of items that had been damaged from weather exposure, and increases in expected warranty costs. Our estimate at completion as of September 30, 2018 , includes $20.2 million of total expected liquidated damages due to schedule delays. As of September 30, 2018 , the reserve for estimated contract losses recorded in "other accrued liabilities" in our condensed consolidated balance sheet was $22.8 million . In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 , we recognized charges of $12.0 million and $35.3 million , respectively from changes in our estimate at completion, and as of September 30, 2017 , this contract had $14.3 million of accrued losses and was 60% complete. This fifth project also includes a rejection clause that gives the customer the option to reject the deliverable, recover all monies paid to us and our former civil construction partner (up to approximately $144 million ), and require us to restore the property to its original state if certain criteria are not satisfied, including not achieving a contractual milestone related to accreditation criteria by September 30, 2018. We did not meet the express contractual criteria to satisfy this contractual milestone related to accreditation; however, the approach used was the one that the customer and external counsel considered to be the most appropriate option for accreditation in the circumstances. Our September 30, 2018 estimate at completion does not assume the customer's exercise of the rejection right because management believes the customer will not exercise its rejection right and the customer has not indicated its intention to exercise this right; however, we cannot control whether the customer will agree to modify the contract or exercise its right to reject the contract, and no assurances can be given in this regard. We are currently negotiating with the customer a formal agreement of the terms under which all rejection rights will be suspended, but without such agreement, the customer retains the current right to reject the contract. The sixth contract, a waste-to-energy plant in the United Kingdom, became a loss contract in the second quarter of 2017. As of September 30, 2018 , this contract was approximately 92% complete. Commissioning activities began in the first quarter of 2018, construction was substantially completed in July 2018, startup of the unit occurred in July 2018 and trial operations and customer takeover are expected in the fourth quarter of 2018. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 , we revised our estimated revenue and costs at completion for this loss contract, which resulted in additional contract losses of $4.7 million and $17.9 million due to challenges in startup commissioning activities. Losses in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 also included the effects of schedule delays, inclusive of liquidated damages, estimated claim settlements, and increases in expected warranty costs. Our estimate at completion as of September 30, 2018 includes $17.2 million of total expected liquidated damages due to schedule delays. As of September 30, 2018 , the reserve for estimated contract losses recorded in "other accrued liabilities" in our condensed consolidated balance sheet was $1.9 million . In the nine months ended September 30, 2017 , we recognized additional contract losses of $18.5 million from changes in our estimate at completion, and as of September 30, 2017 , this contract had $3.3 million of accrued losses and was 68% complete. In September 2017, we identified the failure of a structural steel beam on the fifth contract, which stopped work in the boiler building and other areas pending corrective actions to stabilize the structure. Provisional regulatory approval to begin structural repairs to the failed beam was obtained on March 29, 2018 (later than previously estimated), and full approval to proceed with repairs was obtained in April 2018. Full access to the site was obtained on June 6, 2018 after completion of the repairs to the structure. The engineering, design and manufacturing of the steel structure were the responsibility of our subcontractors. A similar design was also used on the second and fourth contracts, and although no structural failure occurred on these two other contracts, work was also stopped in certain restricted areas while we added reinforcement to the structures, which also resulted in delays that lasted until late January 2018. The total costs related to the structural steel issues on these three contracts, including contract delays, are estimated to be approximately $43 million , which is included in the September 30, 2018 , estimated losses at completion for these three contracts. Also during the third quarter of 2017, we implemented a design change in three of the renewable facilities to increase the guaranteed power output, which will allow us to achieve contractual bonus opportunities for the higher output. In the fourth quarter of 2017, we obtained agreement from certain customers to increase the value of these bonus opportunities and to provide partial relief on liquidated damages. The bonus opportunities and liquidated damages relief increased the estimated selling price of the three contracts by approximately $19 million in total, and this positive change in estimated cost to complete was fully recognized in 2017 because each was a loss contract. During the third quarter of 2016, we determined it was probable that we would receive a $15.5 million (DKK 100.0 million ) insurance recovery for a portion of the losses on the first European renewable energy contract discussed above. In May 2018, our insurer disputed coverage on our insurance claim. We believe that the dispute from the insurer is without merit and continue to believe we are entitled to the full value of the claim. We intend to aggressively pursue full recovery under the policy, and we filed for arbitration in July 2018. However, an allowance for the entire receivable was recorded in the second quarter of 2018 based upon the dispute by the insurer, which is considered contradictory evidence in the accounting probability assessment of this loss recovery, even if it is believed to be without merit. The insurance recovery of $15.5 million is recorded in accounts receivable - other in our condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2017 . The $15.5 million insurance recovery was fully offset by an allowance in the three months ended June 30, 2018, and remains fully reserved at September 30, 2018. |