Investments | 5. Investments The Company’s investment portfolio consists of fixed maturity securities, commercial levered loans, limited partnerships and limited liability companies, non-redeemable preferred stock securities, and short-term investments. Fixed maturity securities may include U.S. Treasury securities, government agency securities, municipal debt obligations, residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”), commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), collateralized loan obligations (“CLO”), asset-backed securities (“ABS”) and corporate debt securities. Corporate debt securities may include investment grade and below investment grade bonds, bank loan investments and redeemable preferred stock securities. The Company has designated its investments in fixed maturity securities as available-for-sale (“AFS”) securities. (a) The gross unrealized gains and losses on fixed maturity securities included in assets from continuing operations at June 30, 2020, are as follows: Cost/ Gross Gross Amortized Credit Loss Unrealized Unrealized Fair ($ in thousands) Cost Allowance Gains Losses Value Fixed maturity securities: U.S. Treasury securities $ 36,265 $ — $ 2,204 $ — $ 38,469 Government agency securities 28,358 — 526 — 28,884 Corporate debt securities 1,302,996 (615) 65,651 (15,795) 1,352,237 Municipal debt obligations 158,464 — 5,623 (792) 163,295 ABS 49,723 (275) 347 (1,064) 48,731 CLO 175,687 (6) 41 (7,201) 168,521 CMBS 99,218 — 5,245 (986) 103,477 RMBS - non-agency 115,588 (1,089) 6,369 (2,008) 118,860 RMBS - agency 136,690 — 3,616 — 140,306 Total fixed maturity securities $ 2,102,989 $ (1,985) $ 89,622 $ (27,846) $ 2,162,780 The gross unrealized gains and losses on fixed maturity securities included in assets from continuing operations at December 31, 2019, are as follows: Cost/ Gross Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair ($ in thousands) Cost Gains Losses Value Fixed maturity securities: U.S. Treasury securities $ 49,161 $ 838 $ (14) $ 49,985 Government agency securities 6,522 23 (14) 6,531 Corporate debt securities 1,308,094 33,743 (3,025) 1,338,812 Municipal debt obligations 80,338 243 (766) 79,815 ABS 73,068 854 (340) 73,582 CLO 181,704 125 (2,280) 179,549 CMBS 95,810 1,863 (147) 97,526 RMBS - non-agency 62,343 9,458 (191) 71,610 RMBS - agency 142,363 1,256 (347) 143,272 Total fixed maturity securities $ 1,999,403 $ 48,403 $ (7,124) $ 2,040,682 (b) The following table summarizes the fair values and gross unrealized losses for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position at June 30, 2020, grouped by asset class and by duration of time in a continuous unrealized loss position: Less Than 12 Months Greater Than 12 Months Total Total Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Total Unrealized ($ in thousands) Value Losses Value Losses Fair Value Losses Corporate debt securities $ 131,043 $ (10,502) $ 76,754 $ (5,293) $ 207,797 $ (15,795) Municipal debt obligations 25,587 (456) 11,372 (336) 36,959 (792) ABS 9,504 (693) 16,883 (371) 26,387 (1,064) CLO 47,434 (1,278) 116,188 (5,923) 163,622 (7,201) CMBS 16,564 (859) 4,725 (127) 21,289 (986) RMBS - non-agency 36,568 (1,189) 9,317 (819) 45,885 (2,008) Total fixed maturity securities $ 266,700 $ (14,977) $ 235,239 $ (12,869) $ 501,939 $ (27,846) The following table summarizes the fair values and gross unrealized losses for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position at December 31, 2019, grouped by asset class and by duration of time in a continuous unrealized loss position: Less Than 12 Months Greater Than 12 Months Total Total Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Total Unrealized ($ in thousands) Value Losses Value Losses Fair Value Losses U.S. Treasury securities $ — $ — $ 7,469 $ (14) $ 7,469 $ (14) Government agency securities 3,192 (14) — — 3,192 (14) Corporate debt securities 133,341 (2,509) 50,695 (516) 184,036 (3,025) Municipal debt obligations 66,355 (766) — — 66,355 (766) ABS 27,884 (175) 11,165 (165) 39,049 (340) CLO 28,485 (338) 110,825 (1,942) 139,310 (2,280) CMBS 18,307 (102) 6,053 (45) 24,360 (147) RMBS - non-agency 2,173 (14) 2,418 (177) 4,591 (191) RMBS - agency 10,450 (12) 12,367 (335) 22,817 (347) Total fixed maturity securities $ 290,187 $ (3,930) $ 200,992 $ (3,194) $ 491,179 $ (7,124) (c) The Company was holding 286 and 313 fixed maturity securities that were in an unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The Company does not intend to sell the investments and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost bases, which may be maturity. The Company analyzes fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position for credit losses if they meet the following criteria: (i) they are trading in a significant loss position, (ii) failure of the issuer of the security to make scheduled interest or principal payments, (iii) there have been negative credit events with respect to the issuer, or (iv) there have been negative current events surrounding an issuer or the environment in which an issuer operates. For fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position that require a credit loss analysis, the Company estimates a present value of expected cash flows. If the results of the cash flow analysis indicate that the Company will not recover the full amount of its amortized cost basis, the Company records a credit loss for the excess of amortized cost over the present value of expected cash flows, not to exceed the unrealized loss. Changes in the credit loss allowance are recognized through realized investment gains, net on the consolidated statements of operations. The credit loss allowance expense for fixed maturity securities was $1.6 million and $2.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020. The following table is a rollforward of the credit loss allowance for fixed maturity securities: December 31, Additions Reduction Reduction Change in Securities June 30, ($ in thousands) 2019 New Securities Sales Intent to Sell with Previous Allowance 2020 Fixed maturity securities: Corporate debt securities $ — $ 615 $ — $ — $ — $ 615 ABS — 275 — — — 275 CLO — 6 — — — 6 RMBS - non-agency — 1,090 (1) — — 1,089 Total fixed maturity securities allowance $ — $ 1,986 $ (1) $ — $ — $ 1,985 (d) The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturity securities, excluding the Company’s structured securities portfolio, at June 30, 2020, by contractual maturity are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities, because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. June 30, 2020 Amortized Fair ($ in thousands) Cost Value Due in one year or less $ 107,187 $ 108,224 Due after one through five years 641,649 661,544 Due after five through ten years 494,186 520,225 Due after ten years 254,703 264,008 1,497,725 1,554,001 Structured securities: Government agency securities 28,358 28,884 ABS 49,723 48,731 CLO 175,687 168,521 CMBS 99,218 103,477 RMBS - non-agency 115,588 118,860 RMBS - agency 136,690 140,306 Total fixed maturity securities $ 2,102,989 $ 2,162,780 The Company did not have any non-income producing fixed maturity investments as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. (e) The Company records its limited partnership and limited liability companies using net asset value, which the Company has determined to be the best indicator of fair value for these investments. At June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the fair value of limited partnerships and limited liability companies were $79.7 million and $66.7 million, respectively. Changes in fair value of such investments are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations within net investment income. The largest investment within the portfolio is the Pacific Investment Management Company LLC Tactical Opportunities fund, which is carried at $43.0 million at June 30, 2020. The carrying values used for investments in limited partnerships and limited liability companies generally are established on the basis of the current valuations provided by the managers of such investments. These valuations are determined based upon the valuation criteria established by the governing documents of such investments or utilized in the normal course of such manager’s business, which are reflective of fair value. Such valuations may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had available markets for these investments existed and the differences could be material. The Company’s strategies for its investments in limited partnerships and limited liability companies include investment funds that employ diverse and fundamentally driven approaches to investing which include effective risk management, hedging strategies and leverage. The portfolio of investments in limited partnerships and limited liability companies consists of common stocks, real estate assets, options, swaps, derivative instruments and other structured products. The limited partnerships and limited liability companies in which the Company invests sometimes impose limitations on the timing of withdrawals from the funds. The Company’s inability to withdraw its investment quickly from a particular limited partnership or a limited liability company that is performing poorly could result in losses and may affect liquidity. All of the Company’s limited partnerships and limited liability companies have timing limitations. Most limited partnerships and limited liability companies require a 90-day notice period in order to withdraw funds. Some limited partnerships and limited liability companies may require a withdrawal only at the end of their fiscal year. The Company may also be subject to withdrawal fees in the event the limited partnerships and limited liability companies are sold within a minimum holding period, which may be up to one year. Many limited partnerships and limited liability companies have invoked gated provisions that allow the fund to disperse redemption proceeds to investors over an extended period. The Company is subject to such restrictions, which may delay the receipt of proceeds from limited partnerships and limited liability companies. (f) The Company invests in commercial loans, which are private placements. Loans are reported at the principal amount outstanding, reduced by unearned discounts, net deferred loan fees, and an allowance for credit losses on loans. Interest on loans is calculated using the simple interest method on the daily principal amount outstanding. There was no allowance for credit losses on loans at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. (g) Proceeds from sales and redemptions in AFS securities totaled $154.0 million and $53.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Proceeds from sales and redemptions in AFS securities totaled $306.8 million and $97.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Gross realized gains from sales and redemptions in AFS securities totaled $3.7 million and $0.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Gross realized gains from sales and redemptions in AFS securities totaled $4.7 million and $0.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Gross realized losses from sales and redemptions of AFS investments totaled $0.2 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Gross realized losses from sales and redemptions of AFS investments totaled $0.6 million and $0.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. (h) Net investment income included in net income from continuing operations in the consolidated statements of operations from each major category of investments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, is as follows: Three Months Ended June 30 Six Months Ended June 30 ($ in thousands) 2020 2019 2020 2019 Fixed maturity securities $ 15,849 $ 16,531 $ 32,131 $ 32,650 Commercial levered loans 139 159 234 378 Net limited partnerships and limited liability companies gains 8,131 1,143 1,254 2,394 Other 322 92 312 181 Gross investment income 24,441 17,925 33,931 35,603 Less: investment income attributable to funds withheld liabilities 118 141 254 283 Less: expenses 532 386 1,071 764 Net investment income $ 23,791 $ 17,398 $ 32,606 $ 34,556 (i) Included in investments at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, are securities required to be held by the Company (or those that are on deposit) with various regulatory authorities as required by law with a fair value of $230.4 million and $210.8 million, respectively. Fair value and carrying value of assets in the amount of $399.7 million and $381.5 million, respectively, were on deposit in collateral agreements at June 30, 2020. Fair value and carrying value of assets in the amount of $367.1 million and $352.0 million, respectively, were on deposit in collateral agreements at December 31, 2019. (j) The investment portfolio has exposure to market risks, which include the effect of adverse changes in interest rates, credit quality, limited partnership value and illiquid securities, including commercial loan values, on the portfolio. Interest rate risk includes the changes in the fair value of fixed maturities based upon changes in interest rates. Credit quality risk includes the risk of default by issuers of debt securities. Risks from investments in limited partnerships and limited liability companies and illiquid securities risks include the potential loss from the diminution in the value of the underlying investment of the limited partnerships and limited liability companies and the potential loss from changes in the fair value of commercial loans. (k) Non-redeemable preferred stock securities with readily determinable fair values are recorded at fair value. Changes in fair value of such investments are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations within net investment income. The change in fair value r ecognized in income on non-redeemable preferred stock securities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 was a gain of $0.4 million and $0.1 million, respectively. |