Debt | DEBT Debt is presented net of debt discounts and issuance costs ("DDIC") in the Company's balance sheets. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , debt consists of the following (in thousands): 2018 2017 Credit Facility, net of DDIC $ — $ 80,054 Note payable to GPIA Sponsor, net of DDIC 2,372 2,059 Total 2,372 82,113 Less current maturities 2,372 15,500 Long-term debt, net of current maturities $ — $ 66,613 For purposes of classifying current maturities of long-term debt in the Company's balance sheets, none of the discount is attributed to the current portion until the maturity date is less than one year from the balance sheet data. Accordingly, as of December 31, 2018 , the $2.4 million net carrying amount of the related party note payable to GP Sponsor is classified as a current liability due to the amended maturity date in June 2019. As discussed below, the Company repaid in full and terminated the Credit Facility on July 19, 2018 . Credit Facility Overview. In June 2016 , the Company entered into a multi-draw term loan Financing Agreement (the “Credit Facility”) with a syndicate of lenders (the “Lenders”). The Credit Facility would have matured in June 2020 but was repaid and terminated in July 2018 as discussed below. The Credit Facility provided for an aggregate commitment of up to $125.0 million , which consisted of an initial term loan for $30.0 million in June 2016, a “delayed draw A Term Loan” for $65.0 million , and a “delayed draw B Term Loan” for $30.0 million . An origination fee equal to 5.0% of the $125.0 million commitment was paid in cash to the Lenders from the proceeds of the initial term loan. The Credit Facility provided for an Original Issue Discount (“OID”) of 2.0% of the initial face amount of borrowings. Origination fees and OID were accounted for as DDIC. Borrowings under the Credit Facility were collateralized by substantially all assets of the Company, including certain cash depository accounts that were subject to control agreements with the Lenders. Upon termination of the Credit Facility as discussed below, the restrictions related to the cash control accounts were eliminated and the related funds held in the control accounts were classified as cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2018 . As of December 31, 2017 , the restricted cash balance under the control agreements totaled $17.6 million . The Company was previously required to comply with various financial and operational covenants on a monthly or quarterly basis, including a leverage ratio, minimum liquidity, churn rate, asset coverage ratio, minimum gross margin, and certain budget compliance restrictions. Additionally, the covenants in the Credit Facility prohibited or limited the Company’s ability to incur additional debt, pay cash dividends, sell assets, merge or consolidate with another company, and other customary restrictions associated with debt arrangements. Obligations to Origination Agent. Concurrent with execution of the Credit Facility, one of the lenders that served as the origination agent (the “Origination Agent”) agreed to provide general business and financial strategy, corporate structure, and long-term strategic planning services pursuant to a consulting agreement that required the Company to make annual cash payments of $2.0 million over the four -year term of the agreement. The Company accounted for the fees payable under this arrangement as debt issuance costs since the value of the future services was not determinable. The consulting agreement initially provided for a pro rata reduction in the annual cash payments when over 50% of the original principal balance was repaid, but this provision was eliminated in October 2016 . The elimination of the pro rata reduction changed the contingent nature of the future consulting payments and, accordingly, the Company accrued the entire $6.0 million of remaining payments as a contractual debt liability with a corresponding increase in the DDIC in October 2016 . The consulting agreement also provided for the issuance of a warrant to the Origination Agent to purchase 2.7 million shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.64 per share, representing approximately 5% of the Company’s fully-diluted share capital on the date of issuance. The fair value of this warrant on the issuance date in June 2016 was $8.8 million , which was accounted for as a debt issuance cost. The Credit Facility also required certain payments to the Origination Agent upon the occurrence of a trigger event (“Trigger Event”), which was defined as the earliest of (i) the debt maturity date of June 2020, (ii) the first date on which all the obligations were repaid in full and the commitments of the Lenders were terminated, (iii) the acceleration of the obligations in the event of a default, (iv) initiation of any insolvency proceeding, foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure, and (v) the termination of the Credit Facility for any reason. Upon a Trigger Event, the Company was required to pay (i) a commitment exit fee, (ii) a continuing origination agent service fee, (iii) a consulting exit fee of $14.0 million , and (iv) a foreign withholding tax fee of $2.0 million . The commitment exit fee was calculated using the annualized revenue for the most recent fiscal quarter in which a Trigger Event occurred, times a multiplier of 6.9% of annualized revenue. The settlement value of the commitment exit fee was $9.6 million at inception of the Credit Facility. The continuing origination agent service fee was calculated using the annualized revenue for the most recent fiscal quarter in which a Trigger Event occurred, times a multiplier of 14.1% of annualized revenue. The continuing origination agent fee was estimated at $19.7 million at inception of the Credit Facility. At inception of the Credit Facility in June 2016, the aggregate Trigger Event fees amounted to approximately $45.3 million and were accounted for as a contractual obligation and a corresponding increase in the DDIC related to the Credit Facility. Revised Trigger Event obligations based on quarterly changes in annualized revenue were recognized as changes in DDIC in subsequent periods. Interest and Fees. The outstanding principal balance under the Credit Facility provided for monthly interest payments at 15.0% per annum, consisting of 12.0% per annum that was payable in cash and 3.0% per annum that was payable through the issuance of additional borrowings beginning on the interest payment due date (referred to as paid-in-kind, or “PIK” interest). In addition, a make-whole applicable premium payment of approximately 15.0% per annum through June 2019 was required for certain principal prepayments as defined in the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility provided for collateral monitoring fees at the rate of 0.5% of the outstanding principal balance through October 2016 , which increased to 2.5% of the outstanding principal balance through termination of the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility also required unused line fees of 15.0% per annum on the undrawn portion of the $65.0 million commitment under the delayed draw A Term Loan, and 5.0% per annum on the undrawn portion of the $30.0 million commitment under the delayed draw B Term Loan. In October 2016, the unused line fee terminated with respect to borrowings of $65.0 million under the delayed draw A Term Loan, and $12.5 million of borrowings under the delayed draw B Term Loan. The remaining $17.5 million undrawn portion of the delayed draw B Term Loan provided for unused line fees of 5.0% per annum through the termination date of the Credit Facility. All unused line fees and collateral monitoring fees were payable monthly in arrears and were recorded as a component of other debt financing expenses in the period incurred. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any event of default, the principal (including PIK interest), and all unpaid interest provide for an additional interest rate of 2.0% per annum (the “Default Interest”) from the date such event of default occurred until the date it was cured or waived. The Lenders waived all Default Interest that would have otherwise been payable during periods when events of default existed. Accretion and Amortization. DDIC that relates to the entire Credit Facility was allocated pro rata between the funded and unfunded portions of the Credit Facility based on the relative amounts that were cumulatively borrowed versus the undrawn portion of the $125.0 million commitment. DDIC related to funded debt was accreted to interest expense using the effective interest method based on the aggregate principal obligations to the Lenders and consulting and Trigger Event obligations to the Origination Agent. DDIC associated with unfunded debt was amortized using the straight-line method from the date incurred through the maturity date of the Credit Facility, which was included in other debt financing expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. As of December 31, 2017 , accretion of DDIC related to the funded portion of the Credit Facility was at an annual rate of 26.3% . Excluding the impact of unused line fees, collateral monitoring fees, and amortization of DDIC related to the unfunded portion of the Credit Facility, the overall effective rate was 41.3% as of December 31, 2017 . Principal Prepayments. Under the Credit Facility, the Company was required to make payments to the Lenders when certain extraordinary cash receipts were received. Extraordinary receipts include certain insurance settlements and court awards from litigation and appeals of judgments. As discussed in Note 10 , in April 2017 the Company received net proceeds from an insurance settlement of $18.7 million that was used to make a mandatory $14.1 million principal payment, and a $4.6 million make-whole applicable premium payment due to the Lenders. In addition, on March 30, 2018 , the Company received $21.5 million from the appeal of the Oracle litigation, of which approximately $0.5 million is payable to third party that previously provided insurance coverage to the litigation. On April 3, 2018 , the Company paid $21.0 million consisting of $17.9 million of principal and $3.1 million for make-whole applicable premium due to the Lenders. The Company also recognized a write-off of DDIC of $7.2 million related to the $17.9 million principal prepayment that was triggered by collection of the appeal proceeds. In connection with the third amendment to the Credit Facility, the Company made a principal prepayment of $2.5 million in May 2017. Beginning in the first quarter of 2017, the amended Credit Facility required quarterly principal payments equal to 75% of the calculated Excess Cash Flow (as defined in the Credit Facility). In May 2017, the Company made a principal prepayment of $4.0 million to satisfy the Excess Cash Flow requirement for the first quarter of 2017. No further payments were required in 2017. In October 2017 , the Lenders agreed to change the measurement period for Excess Cash Flow from quarterly to an annual measurement period effective for the year ending December 31, 2019. Beginning on April 1, 2017, all customer prepayments for service periods in excess of one year were required to be applied to reduce the outstanding principal balance, resulting in total prepayments of $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 . Beginning in October 2017 , the Lenders agreed to eliminate this requirement for future customer prepayments. Equity Issuance Commitment. In October 2016, the Credit Facility was amended to require the Company to complete additional equity issuances (“New Equity”) for aggregate net proceeds of at least $35.0 million by May 2017, with 50% of such net proceeds utilized to repay outstanding borrowings and make-whole applicable premium to the Lenders. In May 2017, the Lenders agreed to amend the Credit Facility to extend the date to complete the New Equity until November 2018. In connection with the May amendment, the Company incurred an amendment fee equal to 1.0% of the $125.0 million commitment under the Credit Facility and agreed to pay certain “target date” fees as a penalty if the consummation of the Merger Agreement discussed in Note 3 occurred after August 31, 2017. The Merger Agreement closed on October 10, 2017 , which resulted in two penalty fees of 1.0% of the $125.0 million commitment. In October 2017, the Lenders permanently waived the requirement to pay one of the two penalty fees resulting in a net penalty fee of $1.25 million . The net trigger date penalty and the amendment fee in the aggregate amount of $2.5 million were due upon the earlier of (i) April 16, 2019 and (ii) such time that the Company raised at least $100.0 million of equity financing proceeds. Termination of the Credit Facility. In connection with the closing on July 19, 2018 of the Private Placement discussed in Note 6 , the Company used substantially all of the $133.0 million of gross proceeds from the Private Placement (together with cash-on-hand) to repay all outstanding indebtedness and fees under the Credit Facility, and the Credit Facility was terminated. The aggregate cash payments to terminate the Credit Facility amounted to $132.8 million and consisted of the following (in thousands): Contractual principal and exit fees: Principal balance $ 102,576 Mandatory trigger event exit fees 13,624 Mandatory consulting 2,000 Subtotal 118,200 Make-whole applicable premium 7,307 Amendment fees and related liabilities 6,250 Accrued interest and fees payable 1,073 Total cash termination payments $ 132,830 Funded Credit Facility Activity for 2018. Presented below is a summary of activity related to the funded debt, including allocated DIC, for the year ended December 31, 2018 (in thousands): Contractual Liability Payments DDIC Write-off December 31, 2017 PIK Accrual Liability Adjustments Scheduled Prepayments Pay-off Accretion Expense Prepayments Pay-off December 31, 2018 Contractual liabilities: Principal balance $ 125,872 $ 1,886 $ — $ (7,250 ) $ (17,932 ) $ (102,576 ) $ — $ — $ — $ — Mandatory trigger event exit fees 9,672 — 3,952 — — (13,624 ) — — — — Mandatory consulting fees 4,000 — — (2,000 ) — (2,000 ) — — — — Total contractual liabilities 139,544 1,886 3,952 (9,250 ) (17,932 ) (118,200 ) — — — — DDIC: Original issue discount 1,816 — — — — — — (234 ) (1,582 ) — Origination fee 4,538 — — — — — — (586 ) (3,952 ) — Amendment fee 11,521 — — — — — — (1,487 ) (10,034 ) — Fair value of warrants 6,424 — — — — — — (829 ) (5,595 ) — Consulting fees to lenders 6,519 — — — — — — (841 ) (5,678 ) — Mandatory trigger event exit fees 55,200 — 3,952 — — — — (7,314 ) (51,838 ) — Other issuance costs 3,600 — — — — — — (465 ) (3,135 ) — Total DDIC 89,618 — 3,952 — — — — (11,756 ) (81,814 ) — Cumulative accretion (30,128 ) — — — — — (11,670 ) 4,587 37,211 — Net discount 59,490 — 3,952 — — — (11,670 ) (7,169 ) (44,603 ) — Net carrying value $ 80,054 $ 1,886 $ — $ (9,250 ) $ (17,932 ) $ (118,200 ) $ 11,670 $ 7,169 $ 44,603 $ — Funded Credit Facility Activity for 2017. Presented below is a summary of activity related to the funded debt, including allocated DDIC, for the year ended December 31, 2017 (in thousands): December 31, 2016 PIK Accrual Liability Adjustments Contractual Liability Payments Amendment Costs Accretion Expense DDIC December 31, 2017 Scheduled Prepayments Transfers (1) Write-off Contractual liabilities: Principal balance $ 107,900 $ 2,966 $ — $ (13,500 ) $ (21,494 ) $ 50,000 $ — $ — $ — $ 125,872 Mandatory trigger event exit fees 55,258 — 9,414 — (5,000 ) (50,000 ) — — — 9,672 Mandatory consulting fees 6,000 — — (2,000 ) — — — — — 4,000 Total contractual liabilities 169,158 2,966 9,414 (15,500 ) (26,494 ) — — — — 139,544 DDIC: Original issue discount 2,150 — — — — — — — (334 ) 1,816 Origination fee 5,375 — — — — — — — (837 ) 4,538 Amendment fee 8,600 — — — — — 4,300 — (1,379 ) 11,521 Fair value of warrants 7,608 — — — — — — — (1,184 ) 6,424 Consulting fees to lenders 7,720 — — — — — — — (1,201 ) 6,519 Mandatory trigger event exit fees 55,258 — 9,414 — — — — — (9,472 ) 55,200 Other issuance costs 3,823 — — — — — 385 — (608 ) 3,600 Total DDIC 90,534 — 9,414 — — — 4,685 — (15,015 ) 89,618 Cumulative accretion (9,440 ) — — — — — — (23,632 ) 2,944 (30,128 ) Net discount 81,094 — 9,414 — — — 4,685 (23,632 ) (12,071 ) 59,490 Net carrying value $ 88,064 $ 2,966 $ — $ (15,500 ) $ (26,494 ) $ — $ (4,685 ) $ 23,632 $ 12,071 $ 80,054 __________________ (1) Represents the transfer of contractual obligations from mandatory Trigger Event exit fees to principal as required by the Sixth Amendment to the Credit Facility entered into in October 2017. Unfunded Credit Facility Activity. The Company accounted for DDIC related to the unfunded portion of the Credit Facility as a long-term asset that was amortized to expense using the straight-line method from the date the costs were incurred through the maturity date of the Credit Facility. Presented below is a summary of activity related to DDIC allocated to the unfunded debt for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands): December 31, 2016 Additions Amortization December 31, 2017 Amortization DDIC Write-off December 31, 2018 Origination fee $ 875 $ — $ — $ 875 $ — $ (875 ) $ — Amendment fee 1,400 700 — 2,100 — (2,100 ) — Fair value of warrants 1,239 — — 1,239 — (1,239 ) — Consulting fees to lenders 280 — — 280 — (280 ) — Other issuance costs 589 60 — 649 — (649 ) — Total deferred debt issuance costs 4,383 760 — 5,143 — (5,143 ) — Cumulative amortization, net (433 ) — (1,190 ) (1,623 ) (756 ) 2,379 — Deferred debt issuance costs, net $ 3,950 $ 760 $ (1,190 ) $ 3,520 $ (756 ) $ (2,764 ) $ — Related Party Note Payable to GP Sponsor As discussed in Note 3 , upon consummation of the Merger Agreement an outstanding loan payable to GP Sponsor with an initial face amount of approximately $3.0 million was assumed by the Company. This loan was originally non-interest bearing and was not due and payable until the outstanding principal balance under the Credit Facility was less than $95.0 million . At inception of this loan, the maturity date was expected to occur in June 2020 based on the scheduled principal payments under the Credit Facility. Interest was initially imputed under this loan payable at the rate of 15.0% per annum, which resulted in DDIC of approximately $1.0 million , whereby the initial carrying value was approximately $2.0 million as of October 10, 2017 . Accretion expense for the period from October 10, 2017 through December 31, 2017 amounted to approximately $0.1 million resulting in a net carrying value of $2.1 million as of December 31, 2017 . As discussed below, this loan was amended twice in 2018 which resulted in further changes to the effective interest rate. Due to a principal prepayment of $17.9 million under the Credit Facility in April 2018, the expected maturity date was revised from June 2020 to March 2019 . Effective July 19, 2018 , the first amendment to the GP Sponsor loan resulted in a change in the maturity date to January 4, 2019 . As a result of this loan modification, the accretion calculations using the effective interest method were adjusted through December 21, 2018 , whereby the imputed interest rate increased from 15.0% to 33.1% . Effective December 21, 2018 , the second amendment to the loan agreement provided for an extension of the maturity date from January 4, 2019 to June 28, 2019 . In addition, the parties agreed that the loan would retroactively bear interest at 13.0% per annum from July 19, 2018 through the maturity date. Total retroactive interest amounted to $0.2 million which is accounted for as DDIC that is being accreted through the maturity date. In addition, the second amendment provides for monthly principal payments starting in December 2018 of approximately $0.4 million plus accrued interest. In December 2018 , the Company made a payment of $0.6 million , primarily consisting of payment of retroactive interest of $0.2 million and the first monthly principal payment of $0.4 million . The effective interest rate for accretion of DDIC is 26.4% for the period from December 21, 2018 through June 28, 2019 . Amendments to Credit Facility The Company entered into six amendments to the Credit Facility from August 2016 through October 2017 . These amendments were primarily required to address non-compliance with certain covenants in the Credit Facility that resulted in events of default, whereby the Lenders agreed to revise the covenants to be less restrictive. In connection with these amendments, the Company incurred amendment fees of $10.0 million paid in October 2016, $1.25 million incurred in June 2017, and $3.75 million incurred in October 2017 . The Company evaluated each of the six amendments and determined that all of them should be accounted for as modifications rather than extinguishments. Accordingly, the DDIC immediately before the amendments, plus the additional amendment fee and third-party costs incurred on behalf of the Lenders, are included as part of the net carrying value of the funded debt and as long-term debt issuance costs for the unfunded debt. Professional fees and other costs incurred by the Company for the amendments were charged to expense in the period incurred. Certain key provisions of the amendments are discussed below. At inception of the Credit Facility, the future proceeds from the delayed draw A and B Term Loans were structured to fund required payments to settle the judgment in the Oracle litigation and to accelerate the Company’s next phase of growth and product portfolio expansion. Under the Credit Facility, the Lenders’ obligation to fund the delayed draw A and B Term Loans was subject to certain conditions set forth in the Credit Facility. In October 2016, the Company determined that the amount of borrowings required to fully settle the Oracle litigation discussed in Note 10 exceeded the limitation set forth in the Credit Facility which resulted in the existence of an event of default and prevented the Company from being able to gain access to the delayed draw A and B Term Loans. In October 2016, the Company and the Lenders entered into an amendment to the Credit Facility (the ‘‘Second Amendment’’), which cured the event of default and enabled funding of the delayed draw A Term Loan for $65.0 million and the delayed draw B Term Loan for $12.5 million . Pursuant to the Second Amendment, the requirement to make quarterly principal payments equal to 25% of the calculated Excess Cash Flow was increased to 75% of Excess Cash Flow beginning with the calculation for the first quarter of 2017, and all customer prepayments for service periods in excess of one year that were received after April 1, 2017 were required to be applied to reduce the outstanding principal balance. Additionally, the monthly collateral monitoring fee increased from 0.50% per annum to 2.50% per annum of the outstanding borrowings, including PIK borrowings. From November 2016 through April 2017, the Company had made expenditures that exceeded certain budgetary compliance covenants set forth in the Credit Facility, which resulted in the existence of an event of default under the Credit Facility. In May 2017, the Lenders amended the Credit Facility (the ‘‘Third Amendment’’) and revised the metrics associated with the previously violated covenants whereby they were less restrictive for past and future compliance, which resulted in the elimination of these covenant violations. The Company agreed to make a principal payment of $6.5 million , including satisfying the 75% of Excess Cash Flow payment of $4.0 million for the first quarter of 2017. Contractual principal amortization payments for April and May 2017 were also increased by an aggregate of $2.5 million and the Lenders did not charge Default Interest during the period that the events of default existed. On October 3, 2017 , the Company entered into the sixth amendment (the “Sixth Amendment”) to the Credit Facility. The Sixth Amendment became effective and was contingent upon the consummation of the Mergers discussed in Note 3 that closed on October 10, 2017 . Pursuant to the Sixth Amendment, upon consummation of the Mergers the Company was required to prepay $5.0 million of mandatory trigger event consulting exit fees due to the Origination Agent. In addition, $50.0 million of the remaining mandatory trigger event exit fees under the Credit Facility were converted into interest-bearing principal. As a result, the existing mandatory Trigger Event exit fees were reduced by $55.0 million and the principal balance outstanding under the Credit Facility increased by $50.0 million . The $50.0 million of additional principal incurred by the transfer of mandatory Trigger Event exit fees was not subject to make-whole applicable premium upon prepayment from future equity financings. In addition, the conditions set forth in the lender consents that required at the closing of the Mergers a payment of at least $35.0 million be made to the Lenders under the Credit Facility, was deemed to be satisfied upon the effectiveness of the Sixth Amendment. Upon the effectiveness of the Sixth Amendment, the $50.0 million of mandatory Trigger Event exit fees that converted into term debt with interest at 12.0% per annum payable in cash and 3.0% per annum payable in kind (“PIK”) and was subject to collateral monitoring fees at 2.5% per annum. The Company agreed to pay an amendment fee in connection with the Sixth Amendment of $3.75 million , which was due and payable in July 2019. As of December 31, 2017 , other long-term liabilities included $6.25 million which consisted of unpaid amendment fees totaling $5.0 million and $1.25 million for the target date fee for the delay in closing the Mergers as discussed above. Other key provisions of the Sixth Amendment included the following: • Various financial covenants were revised to provide greater flexibility to promote new business development. • Principal payments of $6.75 million that would have been payable during the fourth quarter of 2017 were eliminated until maturity. For the six months ending June 30, 2018, principal payments were reduced from $2.25 million per month to $1.0 million per month. Beginning in July 2018 and continuing through maturity of the Credit Facility, principal payments were reduced from $2.5 million per month to $1.25 million per month. • The Sixth Amendment capped aggregate cash payments for transaction costs and deferred underwriting fees related to the Merger Agreement at $20.0 million . The actual cash payments were $19.8 million , consisting of $7.9 million related to GPIA and $11.9 million related to RSI. • The unfunded portion of the Credit Facility for $17.5 million remained available for potential borrowings through the maturity date with the consent of the Origination Agent. Interest Expense The components of interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 are presented below (in thousands): 2018 2017 2016 Credit Facility: Interest expense at 12.0% $ 7,513 $ 11,954 $ 3,597 PIK interest at 3.0% 1,886 2,966 900 Accretion expense for funded debt 11,670 23,632 8,371 Make-whole applicable premium: Credit Facility prepayments 3,103 4,607 — Payoff of funded Credit Facility 7,307 — — Accretion expense for GP Sponsor note payable 905 68 — Interest on other borrowings 146 130 488 Total interest expense $ 32,530 $ 43,357 $ 13,356 Other Debt Financing Expenses The components of other debt financing expenses for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 are presented below (in thousands): 2018 2017 2016 Write-off of DDIC: Credit Facility prepayments $ 7,169 $ 12,071 $ — Payoff of funded Credit Facility 44,603 — — Termination of unfunded Credit Facility 2,764 — — Collateral monitoring fees 1,556 2,505 538 Penalty under Credit Facility for delay in closing of Mergers — 1,250 — Amortization of debt issuance costs related to unfunded debt 756 1,190 1,502 Unused line fees 481 893 4,095 Amortization of prepaid agent fees and other 1,002 452 237 Total debt financing expenses $ 58,331 $ 18,361 $ 6,372 Embedded Derivatives The Credit Facility included features that were determined to be embedded derivatives requiring bifurcation and accounting as separate financial instruments. Prior to the termination of the Credit Facility on July 19, 2018, the Company determined that embedded derivatives included the requirements to pay make-whole applicable premium in connection with certain mandatory prepayments of principal, and default interest due to non-credit-related events of default. These embedded derivatives were classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy and had an aggregate fair value of $1.6 million as of December 31, 2017 . The fair value of these embedded derivatives was estimated using the “with” and “without” method. Accordingly, the Credit Facility was first valued with the embedded derivatives (the “with” scenario) and subsequently valued without the embedded derivatives (the “without” scenario). The fair values of the embedded derivatives were estimated as the difference between these two scenarios. The fair values were determined using the income approach, specifically the yield method. As of December 31, 2017 , key Level 3 assumptions and estimates used in the valuation of the embedded derivatives included timing of projected principal payments, remaining term to maturity of approximately 2.5 years, probability of default of approximately 35% , and a discount rate of 20.9% . The discount rate is comprised of a risk-free rate of 1.9% and a credit spread of 19.0% determined based on option-adjusted spreads from public companies with similar credit quality. Changes in the fair value of embedded derivative liabilities resulted in gains of $1.6 million and $3.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively, and a loss of $5.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 . These changes in fair value are reflected in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations as a gain (loss) from change in fair value of embedded derivatives. |