Investments | INVESTMENTS (A) Investment Gains and Losses The table below presents realized investment gains and losses, excluding impairment losses, for the periods indicated. Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 2017 2018 2017 (In thousands) Available for sale debt securities: Realized gains on disposal $ 1,191 1,529 3,212 4,137 Realized losses on disposal (6 ) — (6 ) — Held to maturity debt securities: Realized gains on disposal 1,090 555 2,395 4,059 Realized losses on disposal — — (19 ) (34 ) Equity securities realized gains (losses) — (10 ) — 87 Real estate gains (losses) — — — 2,657 Totals $ 2,275 2,074 5,582 10,906 Disposals in the held to maturity category during the periods shown primarily represent calls initiated by the credit issuer of the debt security. It is the Company's policy to initiate disposals of debt securities in the held to maturity category only in instances in which the credit status of the issuer comes into question and the realization of all or a significant portion of the investment principal of the holding is deemed to be in jeopardy. The Company uses the specific identification method in computing realized gains and losses. For the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 the percentage of gains on bonds due to the call of securities was 97.3% and 100.0% , respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 the percentage of gains on bonds due to the call of securities was 98.7% and 88.0% , respectively. This includes calls out of the Company's available for sale portfolio of debt securities. The table below presents net impairment losses recognized in earnings for the periods indicated. Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2018 2017 2018 2017 (In thousands) Total other-than-temporary impairment gains (losses) on debt securities $ 3 26 9 69 Portion of loss (gain) recognized in comprehensive income (3 ) (26 ) (9 ) (69 ) Net impairment losses on debt securities recognized in earnings — — — — Equity securities impairments — — — — Totals $ — — — — The table below presents a roll forward of credit losses on securities for which the Company also recorded non-credit other-than-temporary impairments in other comprehensive loss. Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 Year Ended (In thousands) Beginning balance, cumulative credit losses related to other-than-temporary impairments $ 627 627 1,440 Reductions for securities sold during current period — — (813 ) Additions for credit losses not previously recognized in other-than-temporary impairments — — — Ending balance, cumulative credit losses related to other-than-temporary impairments $ 627 627 627 (B) Debt Securities The table below presents amortized costs and fair values of debt securities held to maturity at September 30, 2018 . Debt Securities Held to Maturity Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (In thousands) Debt securities: U.S. Treasury $ 1,341 113 — 1,454 States and political subdivisions 457,379 8,136 (5,147 ) 460,368 Public utilities 964,889 5,251 (16,305 ) 953,835 Corporate 4,655,058 26,262 (92,282 ) 4,589,038 Residential mortgage-backed 1,198,121 8,228 (28,752 ) 1,177,597 Home equity 3,496 53 (9 ) 3,540 Manufactured housing 747 52 — 799 Totals $ 7,281,031 48,095 (142,495 ) 7,186,631 The table below presents amortized costs and fair values of debt securities available for sale at September 30, 2018 . As indicated in Note (2) New Accounting Pronouncements, effective January 1, 2018, equity securities are no longer included in the Securities Available for Sale category. Debt Securities Available for Sale Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (In thousands) Debt securities: States and political subdivisions $ 571 5 — 576 Foreign governments 9,971 36 — 10,007 Public utilities 84,947 1,119 (609 ) 85,457 Corporate 2,895,100 17,156 (66,875 ) 2,845,381 Residential mortgage-backed 16,854 836 (59 ) 17,631 Home equity 6,446 290 — 6,736 Totals $ 3,013,889 19,442 (67,543 ) 2,965,788 The table below presents amortized costs and fair values of securities held to maturity at December 31, 2017 . Securities Held to Maturity Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (In thousands) Debt securities: U.S. Treasury $ 1,337 177 — 1,514 States and political subdivisions 467,437 21,907 (100 ) 489,244 Public utilities 1,062,545 30,527 (894 ) 1,092,178 Corporate 4,430,099 121,978 (7,876 ) 4,544,201 Residential mortgage-backed 1,280,307 27,445 (6,216 ) 1,301,536 Home equity 4,262 57 (4 ) 4,315 Manufactured housing 1,037 79 — 1,116 Totals $ 7,247,024 202,170 (15,090 ) 7,434,104 The table below presents amortized costs and fair values of securities available for sale at December 31, 2017 . Securities Available for Sale Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (In thousands) Debt securities: States and political subdivisions $ 575 — (29 ) 546 Foreign governments 9,964 326 — 10,290 Public utilities 83,466 3,640 — 87,106 Corporate 2,842,381 81,737 (10,744 ) 2,913,374 Residential mortgage-backed 20,246 1,376 (52 ) 21,570 Home equity 7,878 367 — 8,245 Manufactured housing — — — — 2,964,510 87,446 (10,825 ) 3,041,131 Equity securities 12,890 5,708 (120 ) 18,478 Totals $ 2,977,400 93,154 (10,945 ) 3,059,609 The Company does not consider securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired when the market decline is attributable to factors such as market volatility, liquidity, spread widening and credit quality where it is anticipated that a recovery of all amounts due under the contractual terms of the security will occur and the Company has the intent and ability to hold until recovery or maturity. Based on its review, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at September 30, 2018 . The Company will monitor the investment portfolio for future changes in issuer facts and circumstances that could result in future impairments beyond those currently identified. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 , the Company recorded no other-than-temporary impairment on debt securities. Unrealized losses for debt securities held to maturity and debt securities available for sale increased during the first nine months of 2018 primarily due to the upward movement in market interest rates during this period (which decreases the market price of debt securities). The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair values of the Company's held to maturity debt securities by investment category and length of time the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at September 30, 2018 . Debt Securities Held to Maturity Less than 12 Months 12 Months or Greater Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses (In thousands) Debt securities: States and political subdivisions $ 113,773 (4,819 ) 6,297 (328 ) 120,070 (5,147 ) Public utilities 530,455 (13,676 ) 39,437 (2,629 ) 569,892 (16,305 ) Corporate 2,499,421 (65,166 ) 471,244 (27,116 ) 2,970,665 (92,282 ) Residential mortgage-backed 649,298 (14,345 ) 215,053 (14,407 ) 864,351 (28,752 ) Home equity — — 2,218 (9 ) 2,218 (9 ) Total temporarily impaired securities $ 3,792,947 (98,006 ) 734,249 (44,489 ) 4,527,196 (142,495 ) The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair values of the Company's available for sale debt securities by investment category and length of time the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at September 30, 2018 . Debt Securities Available for Sale Less than 12 Months 12 Months or Greater Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses (In thousands) Debt securities: States and political subdivisions $ — — — — — — Public utilities 38,807 (609 ) — — 38,807 (609 ) Corporate 1,570,824 (42,632 ) 357,876 (24,243 ) 1,928,700 (66,875 ) Residential mortgage-backed — — 933 (59 ) 933 (59 ) Home equity — — — — — — Total temporarily impaired securities $ 1,609,631 (43,241 ) 358,809 (24,302 ) 1,968,440 (67,543 ) The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair values of the Company's held to maturity investments by investment category and length of time the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at December 31, 2017 . Securities Held to Maturity Less than 12 Months 12 Months or Greater Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses (In thousands) Debt securities: States and political subdivisions $ 6,308 (14 ) 4,869 (86 ) 11,177 (100 ) Public utilities 68,368 (407 ) 34,091 (487 ) 102,459 (894 ) Corporate 248,844 (1,296 ) 431,591 (6,580 ) 680,435 (7,876 ) Residential mortgage-backed 130,015 (738 ) 192,399 (5,478 ) 322,414 (6,216 ) Home equity 2,830 (4 ) — — 2,830 (4 ) Total temporarily impaired securities $ 456,365 (2,459 ) 662,950 (12,631 ) 1,119,315 (15,090 ) The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair values of the Company's available for sale investments by investment category and length of time that the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at December 31, 2017 . Securities Available for Sale Less than 12 Months 12 Months or Greater Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses (In thousands) Debt securities: States and political subdivisions $ 546 (29 ) — — 546 (29 ) Corporate 201,575 (1,134 ) 296,845 (9,610 ) 498,420 (10,744 ) Residential mortgage-backed 1,325 (14 ) 1,085 (38 ) 2,410 (52 ) Home equity 1,653 — — — 1,653 — 205,099 (1,177 ) 297,930 (9,648 ) 503,029 (10,825 ) Equity securities 1,246 (77 ) 289 (43 ) 1,535 (120 ) Total temporarily impaired securities $ 206,345 (1,254 ) 298,219 (9,691 ) 504,564 (10,945 ) Debt securities. The gross unrealized losses for debt securities are made up of 723 individual issues, or 55.8% of the total debt securities held by the Company at September 30, 2018 . The market value of these bonds as a percent of amortized cost approximates 96.9% . Of the 723 securities, 142 , or 19.6% , fall in the 12 months or greater aging category; and 714 were rated investment grade at September 30, 2018 . The amortized cost and fair value of investments in debt securities at September 30, 2018 , by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Debt Securities Available for Sale Debt Securities Held to Maturity Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value (In thousands) Due in 1 year or less $ 103,995 106,063 326,104 331,101 Due after 1 year through 5 years 1,137,368 1,141,487 2,729,171 2,727,219 Due after 5 years through 10 years 1,663,318 1,609,872 2,646,213 2,570,349 Due after 10 years 85,909 83,999 377,179 376,026 2,990,590 2,941,421 6,078,667 6,004,695 Mortgage and asset-backed securities 23,299 24,367 1,202,364 1,181,936 Total $ 3,013,889 2,965,788 7,281,031 7,186,631 (C) Transfer of Securities During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 the Company made no transfers from the held to maturity category to securities available for sale. (D) Mortgage Loans and Real Estate A financing receivable is a contractual right to receive money on demand or on fixed or determinable dates that is recognized as an asset in a company's statement of financial position. The Company's mortgage, participation and mezzanine loans on real estate are the only financing receivables included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Credit and default risk is minimized through strict underwriting guidelines and diversification of underlying property types and geographic locations. In addition to being secured by the property, mortgage loans with leases on the underlying property are often guaranteed by the lease payments and also by the borrower. This approach has proved to result in quality mortgage loans with few defaults. Mortgage loan interest income is recognized on an accrual basis with any premium or discount amortized over the life of the loan. Prepayment and late fees are recorded on the date of collection. Loans in foreclosure, loans considered impaired or loans past due 90 days or more are placed on a non-accrual status. If a mortgage loan is determined to be on non-accrual status, the mortgage loan does not accrue any revenue into the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. The loan is independently monitored and evaluated as to potential impairment or foreclosure. If delinquent payments are made and the loan is brought current, then the Company returns the loan to active status and accrues income accordingly. The Company had no mortgage loans past due 90 days or more at September 30, 2018 or 2017 and as a result all interest income was recognized at September 30, 2018 and 2017 . The following table represents the mortgage loan portfolio by loan-to-value ratio. September 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 Amount % Amount % (In thousands) (In thousands) Mortgage Loans by Loan-to-Value Ratio (1): Less than 50% $ 67,837 33.7 $ 82,224 39.4 50% to 60% 23,666 11.7 27,395 13.1 60% to 70% 97,899 48.6 86,849 41.6 70% to 80% 6,716 3.3 — — 80% to 90% 5,408 2.7 6,929 3.3 Greater than 90% — — 5,502 2.6 Gross balance 201,526 100.0 208,899 100.0 Allowance for possible losses (650 ) (0.3 ) (650 ) (0.3 ) Totals $ 200,876 99.7 $ 208,249 99.7 (1) Loan-to-Value Ratio is determined using the most recent appraised value. Appraisals are required at the time of funding and may be updated if a material change occurs from the original loan agreement. All mortgage loans are analyzed quarterly in order to monitor the financial quality of these assets. Based on ongoing monitoring, mortgage loans with a likelihood of becoming delinquent are identified and placed on an internal “watch list”. Among the criteria that may indicate a potential problem include: major tenant vacancies or bankruptcies, late payments, and loan relief/restructuring requests. The mortgage loan portfolio is analyzed for the need for a valuation allowance on any loan that is on the internal watch list, in the process of foreclosure or that currently has a valuation allowance. Mortgage loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. When it is determined that a loan is impaired, a loss is recognized for the difference between the carrying amount of the mortgage loan and the estimated value reduced by the cost to sell. Estimated value is typically based on the loan's observable market price or the fair value of the collateral less cost to sell. Impairments and changes in the valuation allowance are reported in net realized investment gains (losses) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. The following table represents the mortgage loan allowance for the periods shown. September 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 (In thousands) Balance, beginning of period $ 650 650 Provision — — Releases — — Balance, end of period $ 650 650 The Company's direct investments in real estate are not a significant portion of its total investment portfolio and totaled approximately $36.8 million and $37.4 million at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. The Company recognized operating income on real estate properties of approximately $1.7 million and $2.1 million for the first nine months of 2018 and 2017 , respectively. |