| • | requires us to supply certain material information to RSL to assist it in preparing any future SEC filings; and |
| • | requires us to implement and observe certain policies and procedures related to applicable laws and regulations. |
We have agreed to indemnify RSL and its affiliates and their respective officers, employees and directors against all losses arising out of, due to or in connection with RSL’s status as a shareholder under the Cooperation Agreement and the operations of or services provided by RSL or its affiliates or their respective officers, employees or directors to us or any of our subsidiaries, subject to certain limitations set forth in the Cooperation Agreement.
Subject to specified exceptions, the Cooperation Agreement will terminate at such time as RSL is no longer required (a) under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States, or U.S. GAAP, to consolidate our results of operations and financial position, (b) under U.S. GAAP to account for its investment in us under the equity method of accounting, or (c) otherwise to include our separate financial statements in its filings with the SEC pursuant to any SEC rule. In addition, the Cooperation Agreement may be terminated upon mutual written consent of the parties or upon written notice from RSL to us in the event of our bankruptcy, liquidation, dissolution or winding-up.
Affiliate Services Agreements
We have entered into services agreements with each of Roivant Sciences, Inc., or RSI, and Roivant Sciences GmbH, or RSG, each a wholly owned subsidiary of our controlling shareholder RSL, each as further described below. Pursuant to these services agreements, during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018, we incurred expenses of $8.5 million, inclusive of the mark-up under these agreements.
In October 2014, we and our wholly owned subsidiary, Axovant Sciences, Inc., or ASI, entered into a services agreement with RSI, pursuant to which RSI provides us with services in relation to the identification of potential product candidates and project management of clinical trials, as well as other services related to our development, administrative and financial functions. In February 2017, following the contribution and assignment of all of our intellectual property rights to Axovant Sciences GmbH, or ASG, we amended and restated this services agreement effective as of December 13, 2016, as a result of which ASG was added as a recipient of services from RSI. In addition, ASG also entered into a separate services agreement with Roivant Sciences GmbH, or RSG, a wholly owned subsidiary of RSL, effective as of December 13, 2016, for the provision of services by RSG to ASG in relation to the identification of potential product candidates and project management of clinical trials, as well as other services related to development, administrative and financial activities.
Under the terms of both services agreements, we are obligated to pay or reimburse RSI and RSG for the costs they, or third parties acting on their behalf, incur in providing services to us or ASG, including administrative and support services as well as research and development services. In addition, we are obligated to pay to RSI and RSG an amount equal to 10% of the costs incurred in connection with any general and administrative and research and development services provided directly by RSI and RSG. The parties to the services agreements may agree to adjust this additional fee on an annual basis to between 8% and 12% of costs incurred in providing research and development services. These services agreements will continue in perpetuity until terminated by either party upon 60 days’ written notice. Administrative and support services include, but are not limited to, payroll, general administrative, corporate and public relations, investor relations, financial marketing, activities in connection with raising capital, accounting and auditing, tax, health, safety environmental and regulatory affairs, staffing and recruiting, benefits, information and technology services, purchasing and legal services. Research and development services include, but are not limited to, preparatory assistance in respect of the identification of product candidates, performance and oversight of due diligence to evaluate potential product candidates, management and oversight of external consultants in connection with potential product candidate investment opportunities, participation in meetings with regulatory authorities related to product candidates, development of plans for potential clinical trials, selection of manufacturers of product candidates, management and oversight of clinical trials and product manufacturing, analysis of clinical trial data and management of regulatory filings and approval processes.
For any general and administrative and research and development activities performed by employees of RSI, RSI will charge back the employee compensation expense to us plus a pre-determined mark-up. Employee compensation expense, inclusive of base salary and fringe benefits, is determined based upon the relative percentage of time utilized on our matters. All other costs will be billed back at cost.