Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Unaudited Interim Financial Information The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2021 was derived from audited consolidated financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2022 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial statements. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Therefore, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2021 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 on file with the SEC. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position as of September 30, 2022 and results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 have been made. The Company’s results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2022 or any other period. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these condensed consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, revenue recognition and the valuation of commissions and accounts receivable, the expensing and capitalization of website and software development costs, goodwill and acquired intangible assets, the contingent consideration liabilities, the valuation of stock-based awards and income taxes. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience, known trends and other market-specific or relevant factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates, as there are changes in circumstances, facts and experience. Changes in estimates are recorded in periods in which they become known. Actual results may differ from those estimates or assumptions. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been uncertainty and disruption in the global economy and financial markets. The Company is not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require an update to its estimates or judgments or a revision of the carrying value of its assets or liabilities as of the date of issuance of these condensed consolidated financial statements. These estimates may change, as new events occur and additional information is obtained. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Concentrations of Credit Risk and of Significant Customers Financial instruments that potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts and commissions receivable. The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents at accredited financial institutions. The Company does not believe that it is subject to unusual credit risk beyond the normal credit risk associated with commercial banking relationships. The Company sells its consumer referrals to insurance provider customers, consisting of carriers and agents, and indirect distributors in the United States and receives commissions from insurance provider customers for insurance policies sold. For the three months ended September 30, 2022 , two customers represented 30 % and 10 %, respectively, of total revenue. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 , two customers represented 21 % and 11 %, respectively, of total revenue. For the three months ended September 30, 2021 , one customer represented 17 % of total revenue. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 , one customer represented 18 % of total revenue. As of September 30, 2022 , one customer accounted for 29 % of the accounts receivable and commissions receivable balance. As of December 31, 2021, one customer accounted for 12 % of the total accounts and commissions receivable balance. Fair Value Measurements Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value are to be classified and disclosed in one of the following three levels of the fair value hierarchy, of which the first two are considered observable and the last is considered unobservable: • Level 1—Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. • Level 2—Observable inputs (other than Level 1 quoted prices), such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets or liabilities, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data. • Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to determining the fair value of the assets or liabilities, including pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques. The Company’s cash equivalents and contingent consideration liabilities are carried at fair value, determined according to the fair value hierarchy described above (see Note 4). The carrying values of the Company’s accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these assets and liabilities. Commissions receivable are recorded at constrained lifetime values. Restricted Cash As of December 31, 2021, restricted cash consisted of $ 0.3 million deposited in a separate restricted bank account as a security deposit for the Company’s corporate credit cards. Restricted cash was classified within other assets. The restricted cash was released to the Company in January 2022 and as a result, as of September 30, 2022 , the Company no longer maintains a restricted cash balance. Accounts Receivable The Company provides credit to customers in the ordinary course of business and believes its credit policies are prudent and reflect industry practices and business risk. The Company monitors economic conditions to identify facts or circumstances that may indicate that its receivables are at risk of collection. The Company provides reserves against accounts receivable for estimated losses, if any, that may result from a customer’s inability to pay based on the composition of its accounts receivable, current economic conditions, and historical credit loss activity. Amounts determined to be uncollectible are charged or written-off against the reserve. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company’s allowance for credit losses was $ 0.1 million and less than $ 0.1 million, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company wrote off an insignificant amount of uncollectible accounts. Revenue Recognition The Company derives its revenue primarily by selling consumer referrals to its insurance provider customers, including insurance carriers, agents and indirect distributors. The Company also generates revenue from commission fees for the sale of policies, primarily in its health and automotive verticals. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that the Company determines are within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when collectability of the consideration to which the Company is entitled in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer is determined to be probable. Amounts are recorded as accounts receivable when the Company’s right to consideration is unconditional. The Company does not assess whether a contract has a significant financing component if the expectation at contract inception is that the period between payment by the customer and the transfer of the promised goods or services to the customer will be one year or less. Referral Revenue The Company recognizes referral revenue when it satisfies its performance obligations by delivering the referrals to its customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for those referrals. Commission Revenue The Company’s commission revenue consists of the estimated constrained lifetime values (the “constrained LTVs”) of commission payments the Company expects to receive from health insurance carriers and auto insurance carriers on the sale of insurance policies to consumers and renewals of such policies. Commission revenue is recognized upon satisfaction of the Company’s performance obligation. The Company considers its performance obligation related to commissions for both the initial policy sale and future renewals of the policy to be satisfied upon submission of the policy application. Therefore, a significant portion of the commission revenue the Company records upon satisfaction of its performance obligation is paid by the Company’s insurance provider customer over a multi-year time frame as policyholders renew and pay the insurance provider for their policies. The current portion of commissions receivable consists of estimated commissions on new policies sold and estimated renewal commissions on policies expected to be renewed within one year, while the non-current portion of commissions receivable are commissions for estimated renewals expected to be renewed beyond one year. Commission revenue represented approximately 9 % and 12 % of total revenue in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and less than 10 % of total revenue in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. The Company estimates commission revenue for each health insurance product by using a portfolio approach to a group of policies by product type and the application submission date of the relevant policy, which are referred to as “cohorts.” The Company’s estimate of constrained LTVs is based on an analysis of historical commission payment trends for relevant policies to establish an expected lifetime value and incorporates management’s judgment in interpreting those trends to calculate LTVs and to apply constraints to such LTVs. Significant factors impacting historical trends include carrier mix, average policy duration and conversion rates of paying policies. Commission revenue from auto insurance carriers consists of constrained LTVs of commission payments the Company expects to receive for selling an insurance policy based on the effective date of the policy. The Company’s estimate of constrained LTVs is based on an analysis of historical commission payment trends for relevant policies to establish an expected lifetime value and incorporates management’s judgment in interpreting those trends to calculate LTVs and to apply constraints to such LTVs. The most significant factor impacting historical trends is average policy duration. The Company applies a constraint to its estimated LTVs to only recognize the amount of variable consideration that it believes is probable that it will be entitled to receive and will not be subject to a significant revenue reversal in the future. To the extent that commission payment trends change or the underlying factors impacting commission payments change, the Company’s estimate of constrained LTVs could be materially impacted. To the extent the Company makes changes to its estimates of constrained LTVs, it recognizes any material impact of the change to commission revenue in the reporting period in which the change is made, including revisions of estimated lifetime commissions either below or in excess of previously estimated constrained LTVs recognized as an adjustment to revenue and the related contract asset. The Company recognizes revenue for new policies by applying the latest estimated constrained LTV for that product. Disaggregated Revenue The Company presents disaggregated revenue from contracts with customers by distribution channel, as the distribution channel impacts the nature and amount of the Company’s revenue, and by vertical market segment. The Company’s direct distribution channel consists of insurance carriers and third-party agents. The Company’s indirect distribution channel consists of insurance aggregators and media networks who purchase referrals with the intent to resell. Revenue generated via the Company’s direct distribution channel is generally higher per referral than revenue generated by the Company’s indirect distribution channels and provides the Company with additional insights and data regarding insurance provider demand and referral performance. Total revenue is comprised of revenue from the following distribution channels: Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 2021 2022 2021 Direct channels 85 % 89 % 86 % 90 % Indirect channels 15 % 11 % 14 % 10 % 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % Total revenue is comprised of revenue from the following insurance verticals (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 2021 2022 2021 Automotive $ 88,150 $ 89,666 $ 257,200 $ 260,505 Other 15,073 17,897 58,619 55,943 Total Revenue $ 103,223 $ 107,563 $ 315,819 $ 316,448 The Company elected to apply the practical expedient in ASC 606 to expense incremental direct costs of obtaining a contract, consisting of sales commissions, as incurred as the expected period of benefit of the sales commissions is one year or less. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had not capitalized any costs to obtain any of its contracts. Deferred Revenue Amounts received for referrals prior to satisfying the revenue recognition criteria are recorded as deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Amounts expected to be recognized as revenue within 12 months of the balance sheet date are classified as current deferred revenue. Deferred revenue was $ 2.1 million as of December 31, 2021. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recognized revenue of $ 1.5 million that was included in the contract liability balance (deferred revenue) at December 31, 2021. The Company recognizes deferred revenue by first allocating from the beginning deferred revenue balance to the extent that the beginning deferred revenue balance exceeds the revenue to be recognized. Billings during the period are added to the deferred revenue balance to be recognized in future periods. Commissions Receivable Commissions receivable are contract assets that represent estimated variable consideration for commissions to be received from insurance carriers for performance obligations that have been satisfied. The current portion of commissions receivable (included within prepaid expenses and other current assets) are estimated commissions expected to be received within one year, while the non-current portion of commissions receivable (included within other assets (non-current)) are expected to be received beyond one year. The current and non-current portions of commissions receivable are as follows (in thousands): September 30, December 31, 2022 2021 Commissions receivable, current portion (included in $ 10,215 $ 9,285 Commissions receivable, non-current portion (included in 28,159 13,415 $ 38,374 $ 22,700 A portion of the Company’s commissions receivable contract asset was recorded as part of the purchase price allocation for the Company’s two acquisitions (see Note 3). The Company assesses impairment for uncollectible consideration when information available indicates it is probable that an asset has been impaired. There were no impairments recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 or 2021. While the Company is exposed to credit losses due to the non-payment by insurance carriers, it considers the risk of this to be remote. Advertising Expense Advertising expense consists of variable costs that are related to attracting consumers to the Company’s marketplace and generating consumer quote requests, including through its verified partner network, and promoting its marketplace to insurance carriers and agents. The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred and such costs are included in sales and marketing expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. During the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, advertising expense totaled $ 71.4 million and $ 75.2 million, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, advertising expense totaled $ 216.6 million and $ 219.8 million, respectively. Net Income (Loss) per Share Basic net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Diluted net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period, including potential dilutive common shares assuming the dilutive effect of outstanding stock options and unvested restricted stock units. For periods in which the Company reported a net loss, diluted net loss per common share is the same as basic net loss per common share, since dilutive common shares are not assumed to have been issued if their effect is anti-dilutive. The Company has two classes of common stock outstanding: Class A common stock and Class B common stock. The rights of the holders of Class A and Class B common stock are identical, except with respect to voting and conversion. Each share of Class B common stock is convertible into one share of Class A common stock at the option of the holder at any time. The Company allocates undistributed earnings attributable to common stock between the common stock classes on a one-to-one basis when computing net income (loss) per share. As a result, basic and diluted net income (loss) per share of Class A common stock and Class B common stock are equivalent. The Company excluded the following potential common shares, presented based on amounts outstanding at each period end, from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the periods indicated because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect: September 30, 2022 2021 Options to purchase common stock 1,982,534 1,708,947 Unvested restricted stock units 3,020,882 2,796,380 5,003,416 4,505,327 The table above does not include shares of Class A common stock issuable upon settlement of contingent consideration for the Company’s two acquisitions (see Note 3). Such shares are also not included in the Company’s calculation of basic or diluted net loss per common share. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (Topic 805), which requires contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination to be recognized and measured by the acquirer on the acquisition date in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers , as if it had originated the contracts. This approach differs from the current requirement to measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination at fair value. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this update are to be applied prospectively to business combinations occurring on or after the effective date. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the adoption of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements. In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU No. 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions (Topic 820), which clarifies that a contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit of account of the equity security and, therefore, is not considered in measuring fair value. The guidance also clarifies that an entity cannot, as a separate unit of account, recognize and measure a contractual sale restriction. The guidance includes disclosure requirements including the fair value of equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions included in the balance sheet, the nature and remaining duration of the restriction and circumstances that could cause a lapse in the restriction. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2023, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this update are to be applied prospectively with any adjustments from the adoption of the amendments recognized in earnings and disclosed on the date of adoption. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the adoption of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements. |