LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES | 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES The loan portfolio balances, net of unearned income and fees, consist of various types of loans primarily made to borrowers located within Texas and are classified by major type as follows: June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 690,867 $ 667,079 Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) 499,207 569,901 Real estate: Commercial real estate (including multi-family residential) 2,051,516 1,999,877 Commercial real estate construction and land development 371,732 367,213 1-4 family residential (including home equity) 715,119 737,605 Residential construction 111,956 127,522 Consumer and other 20,346 22,567 Total loans 4,460,743 4,491,764 Allowance for credit losses on loans (49,586 ) (53,173 ) Loans, net $ 4,411,157 $ 4,438,591 Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans An aging analysis of the recorded investment in past due loans, segregated by class of loans, is included below. For purposes of this and future disclosures, recorded investment has been defined as the outstanding loan balances including net deferred loan fees, and excluding accrued interest receivable of $30.8 million and $34.5 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, due to immateriality. June 30, 2021 Loans Past Due and Still Accruing 30-89 90 or More Total Past Nonaccrual Current Total Days Days Due Loans Loans Loans Loans (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 1,510 $ — $ 1,510 $ 12,949 $ 676,408 $ 690,867 Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) — — — — 499,207 499,207 Real estate: Commercial real estate (including multi-family residential) 6,618 — 6,618 18,123 2,026,775 2,051,516 Commercial real estate construction and land development 1,541 — 1,541 53 370,138 371,732 1-4 family residential (including home equity) 3,528 — 3,528 4,839 706,752 715,119 Residential construction 197 — 197 — 111,759 111,956 Consumer and other 16 — 16 679 19,651 20,346 Total loans $ 13,410 $ — $ 13,410 $ 36,643 $ 4,410,690 $ 4,460,743 December 31, 2020 Loans Past Due and Still Accruing 30-89 90 or More Total Past Nonaccrual Current Total Days Days Due Loans Loans Loans Loans (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 2,486 $ — $ 2,486 $ 10,747 $ 653,846 $ 667,079 Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) — — — — 569,901 569,901 Real estate: Commercial real estate (including multi-family residential) 3,063 — 3,063 10,081 1,986,733 1,999,877 Commercial real estate construction and land development 2,930 — 2,930 3,011 361,272 367,213 1-4 family residential (including home equity) 3,000 — 3,000 4,525 730,080 737,605 Residential construction — — — — 127,522 127,522 Consumer and other 46 — 46 529 21,992 22,567 Total loans $ 11,525 $ — $ 11,525 $ 28,893 $ 4,451,346 $ 4,491,764 Credit Quality Indicators The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt. The Company utilizes a risk rating matrix to assign a risk rating to each of its loans. Loans are rated on a scale of 1 to 9. Risk ratings are updated on an ongoing basis and are subject to change by continuous loan monitoring processes including lending management monitoring, executive management and board committee oversight, and independent credit review. including trends related to (i) the weighted-average risk The following is a general description of the risk ratings used: Watch —Loans classified as watch loans may still be of high quality, but have an element of risk added to the credit such as declining payment history, deteriorating financial position of the borrower or a decrease in collateral value. Special Mention —Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution’s credit position at some future date. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Substandard —Loans classified as substandard have well-defined weaknesses on a continuing basis and are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower, declining collateral values, or a continuing downturn in their industry which is reducing their profits to below zero and having a significantly negative impact on their cash flow. These loans so classified are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful —Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Loss —Loans classified as loss are to be charged-off or charged-down when payment is acknowledged to be uncertain or when the timing or value of payments cannot be determined. “Loss” is not intended to imply that the loan or some portion of it will never be paid, nor does it in any way imply that there has been a forgiveness of debt . The following table presents risk ratings by category of loan as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020: As of June 30, 2021 As of December 31, 2020 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Total Total (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial Pass $ 99,665 $ 110,954 $ 66,973 $ 35,685 $ 15,280 $ 17,843 $ 254,073 $ 2,171 $ 602,644 $ 562,518 Watch 12,597 4,756 6,426 4,167 979 1,693 12,892 — 43,510 41,026 Special Mention 1,088 674 1,834 1,433 594 55 5,409 — 11,087 25,010 Substandard 8,101 8,594 2,665 2,604 4,152 1,185 6,201 — 33,502 38,385 Doubtful 124 — — — — — — — 124 140 Total commercial and industrial loans $ 121,575 $ 124,978 $ 77,898 $ 43,889 $ 21,005 $ 20,776 $ 278,575 $ 2,171 $ 690,867 $ 667,079 Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) Pass $ 374,594 $ 124,613 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 499,207 $ 569,901 Watch — — — — — — — — — — Special Mention — — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — — Total PPP loans $ 374,594 $ 124,613 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 499,207 $ 569,901 Commercial real estate (including multi-family residential) Pass $ 352,961 $ 541,386 $ 276,324 $ 178,186 $ 172,397 $ 173,988 $ 43,751 $ 1,023 $ 1,740,016 $ 1,629,023 Watch 14,674 21,787 26,631 16,844 19,355 27,394 1,523 — 128,208 177,651 Special Mention 8,460 7,677 7,329 4,300 10,210 11,008 593 — 49,577 68,276 Substandard 19,057 19,512 25,677 17,526 22,591 28,071 1,088 193 133,715 124,927 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate (including multi-family residential) loans $ 395,152 $ 590,362 $ 335,961 $ 216,856 $ 224,553 $ 240,461 $ 46,955 $ 1,216 $ 2,051,516 $ 1,999,877 Commercial real estate construction and land development Pass $ 103,196 $ 132,700 $ 42,775 $ 22,630 $ 9,274 $ 7,898 $ 9,825 $ — $ 328,298 $ 320,133 Watch 5,516 13,687 2,528 2,693 5,026 — — — 29,450 39,021 Special Mention 2,537 99 2,935 370 888 256 113 — 7,198 2,880 Substandard — 5,036 941 667 — — 142 — 6,786 5,179 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate construction and land development $ 111,249 $ 151,522 $ 49,179 $ 26,360 $ 15,188 $ 8,154 $ 10,080 $ — $ 371,732 $ 367,213 1-4 family residential (including home equity) Pass $ 108,366 $ 179,071 $ 97,901 $ 78,150 $ 54,553 $ 47,095 $ 77,269 $ 4,203 $ 646,608 $ 670,074 Watch 11,031 5,661 3,158 3,682 5,617 3,259 6,488 2,452 41,348 37,667 Special Mention 1,188 2,374 1,313 2,958 196 3,659 2,558 834 15,080 18,790 Substandard 503 1,536 2,520 3,121 1,715 2,471 217 — 12,083 11,074 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — — Total 1-4 family residential (including home equity) $ 121,088 $ 188,642 $ 104,892 $ 87,911 $ 62,081 $ 56,484 $ 86,532 $ 7,489 $ 715,119 $ 737,605 As of June 30, 2021 As of December 31, 2020 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Total Total (Dollars in thousands) Residential construction Pass $ 40,867 $ 58,154 $ 1,919 $ 5,236 $ 723 $ 725 $ 595 $ — $ 108,219 $ 124,737 Watch 174 1,984 744 — — — — — 2,902 2,785 Special Mention 675 — — — — — — — 675 — Substandard 160 — — — — — — — 160 — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — — Total residential construction $ 41,876 $ 60,138 $ 2,663 $ 5,236 $ 723 $ 725 $ 595 $ — $ 111,956 $ 127,522 Consumer and other Pass (1) $ (9,206 ) $ 20,477 $ 1,878 $ 1,103 $ 428 $ 94 $ 4,238 $ 10 $ 19,022 $ 21,359 Watch 2 48 207 — — — 64 — 321 389 Special Mention — 218 7 27 — — 3 — 255 270 Substandard — 441 281 26 — — — — 748 549 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — — Total consumer and other $ (9,204 ) $ 21,184 $ 2,373 $ 1,156 $ 428 $ 94 $ 4,305 $ 10 $ 20,346 $ 22,567 Total loans Pass $ 1,070,443 $ 1,167,355 $ 487,770 $ 320,990 $ 252,655 $ 247,643 $ 389,751 $ 7,407 $ 3,944,014 $ 3,897,745 Watch 43,994 47,923 39,694 27,386 30,977 32,346 20,967 2,452 245,739 298,539 Special Mention 13,948 11,042 13,418 9,088 11,888 14,978 8,676 834 83,872 115,226 Substandard 27,821 35,119 32,084 23,944 28,458 31,727 7,648 193 186,994 180,114 Doubtful 124 — — — — — — — 124 140 Total loans $ 1,156,330 $ 1,261,439 $ 572,966 $ 381,408 $ 323,978 $ 326,694 $ 427,042 $ 10,886 $ 4,460,743 $ 4,491,764 (1) Includes net deferred fees of $18.2 million and $13.9 million on PPP loans as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans by portfolio type for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020: Commercial and Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) Commercial real estate (including multi-family residential) Commercial real estate construction and land development 1-4 family residential (including home equity) Residential construction Consumer and other Total (Dollars in thousands) Allowance for credit losses on loans: Three Months Ended Balance March 31, 2021 $ 18,697 $ — $ 23,779 $ 7,622 $ 1,556 $ 825 $ 279 $ 52,758 (Recapture of) provision for loan losses (306 ) — (870 ) (1,616 ) (231 ) 15 (2 ) (3,010 ) Charge-offs (155 ) — — — (21 ) — (4 ) (180 ) Recoveries 18 — — — — — — 18 Net charge-offs (137 ) — — — (21 ) — (4 ) (162 ) Balance June 30, 2021 $ 18,254 $ — $ 22,909 $ 6,006 $ 1,304 $ 840 $ 273 $ 49,586 Six Months Ended Balance December 31, 2020 $ 17,738 $ — $ 23,934 $ 6,939 $ 3,279 $ 870 $ 413 $ 53,173 (Recapture of) provision for loan losses 998 — (1,025 ) (933 ) (1,954 ) (30 ) (136 ) (3,080 ) Charge-offs (559 ) — — — (21 ) — (4 ) (584 ) Recoveries 77 — — — — — — 77 Net charge-offs (482 ) — — — (21 ) — (4 ) (507 ) Balance June 30, 2021 $ 18,254 $ — $ 22,909 $ 6,006 $ 1,304 $ 840 $ 273 $ 49,586 Allowance for loan losses: Three Months Ended Balance March 31, 2020 $ 10,164 $ — $ 16,751 $ 2,989 $ 6,058 $ 1,431 $ 118 $ 37,511 Provision for loan losses 3,517 — 4,131 982 1,609 372 58 10,669 Charge-offs (358 ) — 7 (106 ) (125 ) — — (582 ) Recoveries 44 — — — — — — 44 Net charge-offs (314 ) — 7 (106 ) (125 ) — — (538 ) Balance June 30, 2020 $ 13,367 $ — $ 20,889 $ 3,865 $ 7,542 $ 1,803 $ 176 $ 47,642 Six Months Ended Balance December 31, 2019 $ 8,818 $ — $ 11,170 $ 4,421 $ 3,852 $ 1,057 $ 120 $ 29,438 Provision for loan losses 5,382 — 9,856 1,714 3,905 746 56 21,659 Charge-offs (1,092 ) — (137 ) (2,270 ) (215 ) — — (3,714 ) Recoveries 259 — — — — — — 259 Net charge-offs (833 ) — (137 ) (2,270 ) (215 ) — — (3,455 ) Balance June 30, 2020 $ 13,367 $ — $ 20,889 $ 3,865 $ 7,542 $ 1,803 $ 176 $ 47,642 Allowance for Credit Losses on Unfunded Commitments . In addition to the allowance for credit losses on loans, the Company has established an allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments, classified in other liabilities and adjusted as a provision for credit loss expense. The allowance represents estimates of expected credit losses over the contractual period in which there is exposure to credit risk via a contractual obligation to extend credit, unless that obligation is unconditionally cancellable by the Company. The estimate includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and an estimate of expected credit losses on the commitments expected to fund. The estimate of commitments expected to fund is informed by historical analysis looking at utilization rates. The expected credit loss rates applied to the commitments expected to fund is informed by the general valuation allowance utilized for outstanding balances with the same underlying assumptions and drivers. The allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 was $5.7 million and $4.7 million, respectively. The establishment of an allowance as of December 31, 2020 was due to the adoption of CECL and as such was not considered at June 30, 2020. This reserve is maintained at a level management believes to be sufficient to absorb losses arising from unfunded loan commitments. The following table details activity in the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments is as follows (dollars in thousands): Balance at March 31, 2021 $ 5,406 Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments 331 Balance at June 30, 2021 $ 5,737 Balance at December 31, 2020 $ 4,697 Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments 1,040 Balance at June 30, 2021 $ 5,737 Collateral dependent loans are secured by real estate assets, accounts receivable, inventory and equipment. For a collateral dependent loan, the Company’s evaluation process includes a valuation by appraisal or other collateral analysis adjusted for selling costs, when appropriate. This valuation is compared to the remaining outstanding principal balance of the loan. If a loss is determined to be probable, the loss is included in the allowance for credit losses on loans as a specific allocation As of June 30, 2021 Real Estate Business Assets Other Total (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ — $ 7,894 $ — $ 7,894 Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) — — — — Real estate: Commercial real estate (including multi-family residential) 596 — — 596 Commercial real estate construction and land development 53 — — 53 1-4 family residential (including home equity) 4,698 — — 4,698 Residential construction — — — — Consumer and other 191 — — 191 Total $ 5,538 $ 7,894 $ — $ 13,432 As of December 31, 2020 Real Estate Business Assets Other Total (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ — $ 5,157 $ — $ 5,157 Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) — — — — Real estate: Commercial real estate (including multi-family residential) 425 — — 425 Commercial real estate construction and land development — — — — 1-4 family residential (including home equity) 3,101 — — 3,101 Residential construction — — — — Consumer and other — — — — Total $ 3,526 $ 5,157 $ — $ 8,683 The following table presents additional information regarding nonaccrual loans. No interest income was recognized on nonaccrual loans as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. As of June 30, 2021 Nonaccrual Loans with No Related Allowance Nonaccrual Loans with Related Allowance Total Nonaccrual Loans (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 2,730 $ 10,219 $ 12,949 Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) — — — Real estate: Commercial real estate (including multi-family residential) 13,443 4,680 18,123 Commercial real estate construction and land development 53 — 53 1-4 family residential (including home equity) 3,770 1,069 4,839 Residential construction — — — Consumer and other 501 178 679 Total loans $ 20,497 $ 16,146 $ 36,643 As of December 31, 2020 Nonaccrual Loans with No Related Allowance Nonaccrual Loans with Related Allowance Total Nonaccrual Loans (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 2,097 $ 8,650 $ 10,747 Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) — — — Real estate: Commercial real estate (including multi-family residential) 7,487 2,594 10,081 Commercial real estate construction and land development 2,958 53 3,011 1-4 family residential (including home equity) 2,652 1,873 4,525 Residential construction — — — Consumer and other — 529 529 Total loans $ 15,194 $ 13,699 $ 28,893 Troubled Debt Restructurings As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had a recorded investment in troubled debt restructurings of $24.4 million and $25.8 million, respectively. The Company allocated $2.2 million and $3.3 million of specific reserves for troubled debt restructurings at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The following table presents information regarding loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020: Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 2020 Number of Contracts Pre-Modification of Outstanding Recorded Investment Post Modification of Outstanding Recorded Investment Number of Contracts Pre-Modification of Outstanding Recorded Investment Post Modification of Outstanding Recorded Investment (Dollars in thousands) Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial and industrial 3 $ 805 $ 805 6 $ 899 $ 899 Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) — — — — — — Real estate: Commercial real estate (including multi-family residential) — — — — — — Commercial real estate construction and land development — — — 1 830 830 1-4 family residential (including home equity) — — — 2 821 821 Residential construction — — — — — — Consumer and other — — — — — — Total 3 $ 805 $ 805 9 $ 2,550 $ 2,550 Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 2020 Number of Contracts Pre-Modification of Outstanding Recorded Investment Post Modification of Outstanding Recorded Investment Number of Contracts Pre-Modification of Outstanding Recorded Investment Post Modification of Outstanding Recorded Investment (Dollars in thousands) Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial and industrial 3 $ 805 $ 805 11 $ 2,004 $ 2,004 Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) — — — — — — Real estate: Commercial real estate (including multi-family residential) 1 545 545 — — — Commercial real estate construction and land development — — — 1 830 830 1-4 family residential (including home equity) — — — 3 940 940 Residential construction — — — — — — Consumer and other — — — 1 30 30 Total 4 $ 1,350 $ 1,350 16 $ 3,804 $ 3,804 Troubled debt restructurings resulted in $21 thousand of charge-offs during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and $632 thousand of charge-offs during the six months ended June 30, 2020. As of June 30, 2021, one loan for $59 thousand was modified under a troubled debt restructuring during the previous twelve-month period that subsequently defaulted during the six months ended June 30, 2021. As of June 30, 2020, there were no loans modified under a troubled debt restructuring during the previous twelve-month period that subsequently defaulted during the six months ended June 30, 2020. Default is determined at 90 or more days past due. The modifications primarily related to extending the amortization periods of the loans. The Company did not grant principal reductions on any restructured loans. There were no commitments to lend additional amounts to troubled debt restructured loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. During the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company added $1.4 million in new troubled debt restructurings, of which $1.4 million was still outstanding on June 30, 2021. During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company added $3.8 million in new troubled debt restructurings, of which $2.9 million was still outstanding on June 30, 2020. The Company granted principal and interest deferrals on outstanding loan balances to customers affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, upon request and after meeting certain conditions, borrowers could be granted additional payment deferrals subsequent to the first deferral. In addition to the short-term modification program implemented by the Company, Section 4013 of the CARES Act and bank regulatory interagency guidance gave entities temporary relief from the accounting and disclosure requirements for troubled debt restructurings (“TDR”) indicating that a lender could conclude that the modifications are not a TDR if the borrower was less than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019. The following table presents information regarding loans with principal and/or interest deferrals as of June 30, 2021 associated with loan modifications related to COVID-19: Inside of Deferral Period Outside of Deferral Period Total Loans That Have Had a Deferral Outstanding Loan Balance Loan Balance Percent Loan Balance Percent Loan Balance Percent (Dollars in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 690,867 $ 1,443 3.0 % $ 88,857 9.8 % $ 90,300 9.4 % Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) 499,207 — 0.0 % — 0.0 % — 0.0 % Real estate: Commercial real estate (including multi-family residential) 2,051,516 43,384 91.5 % 663,813 72.8 % 707,197 73.8 % Commercial real estate construction and land development 371,732 2,013 4.2 % 63,902 7.0 % 65,915 6.9 % 1-4 family residential (including home equity) 715,119 602 1.3 % 92,629 10.2 % 93,231 9.7 % Residential construction 111,956 — 0.0 % 1,328 0.1 % 1,328 0.1 % Consumer and other 20,346 — 0.0 % 659 0.1 % 659 0.1 % Total loans $ 4,460,743 $ 47,442 100.0 % $ 911,188 100.0 % $ 958,630 100.0 % |