Segment Reporting | Segment Reporting The Company operates in two reportable segments as follows: Modular Solutions ("Modular") and Storage Solutions ("Storage"). Prior to the third quarter of 2021, the Modular segment represented the activities of WillScot historical segments prior to the Merger. During the third quarter of 2021, the majority of the portable storage product business within the Modular segment was transitioned to the Storage segment, and associated revenues, expenses, and operating metrics beginning in the third quarter of 2021 were transferred to the Storage segment, representing a shift of approximately $5.0 million of revenue and gross margin per quarter from the Modular segment to the Storage segment. This adjustment was not made to the historical segment results of prior periods, as the Company believes such adjustments to be immaterial. During the first quarter of 2023, the ground level office business within the Modular segment was transferred to the Storage segment, and associated revenues, expenses, and operating metrics were transferred to the Storage segment. All periods presented have been retrospectively revised to reflect this change between the Modular and Storage segments. For the year ended December 31, 2022, $49.8 million of revenue and $28.5 million of gross profit were reclassified from the Modular segment to the Storage segment. In January 2024, the Company launched a unified go-to market approach to achieve local product unification within each metropolitan statistical area. In connection with this change in operating model, the Company realigned the composition of its segments to reflect how its Chief Operating Decision Maker reviews information to make operating decisions and assess performance. As a result, the Company concluded that its divisions represent its operating segments, which are aggregated into one reportable segment as the divisions have similar economic characteristics, offer similar products to similar customers, use similar methods to distribute products and are subject to similar competitive risks. This change in reportable segments will be reflected in our financial statements beginning in 2024. Total assets for each reportable segment are not available because the Company utilizes a centralized approach to working capital management. The Company defines EBITDA as net income (loss) plus interest (income) expense, income tax (benefit) expense, depreciation and amortization. The Company reflects the further adjustments to EBITDA (“Adjusted EBITDA”) to exclude certain non-cash items and the effect of what the Company considers transactions or events not related to its core and ongoing business operations. In addition, the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") evaluates business segment performance utilizing Adjusted EBITDA as shown in the reconciliation of the Company’s income from continuing operations to Adjusted EBITDA below. Management believes that evaluating segment performance excluding such items is meaningful because it provides insight with respect to the intrinsic and ongoing operating results of the Company. The Company considers Adjusted EBITDA to be an important metric because it reflects the business performance of the segments, inclusive of indirect costs. The Company also regularly evaluates gross profit by segment to assist in the assessment of its operational performance. Reportable Segments The following tables set forth certain information regarding each of the Company’s reportable segments fo r the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. Year Ended December 31, 2023 (in thousands) Modular Storage Unallocated Costs Total Revenues: Leasing and services revenue: Leasing $ 1,137,685 $ 696,250 $ 1,833,935 Delivery and installation 283,433 153,746 437,179 Sales revenue: New units 41,777 6,352 48,129 Rental units 32,771 12,753 45,524 Total revenues 1,495,666 869,101 2,364,767 Costs: Cost of leasing and services: Leasing 311,501 86,966 398,467 Delivery and installation 224,671 92,446 317,117 Cost of sales: New units 23,599 2,840 26,439 Rental units 15,800 7,341 23,141 Depreciation of rental equipment 219,869 45,864 265,733 Gross profit $ 700,226 $ 633,644 $ 1,333,870 Other selected data: Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations $ 598,354 $ 463,111 $ 1,061,465 Selling, general and administrative expense $ 329,068 $ 217,604 $ 49,418 $ 596,090 Purchases of rental equipment and refurbishments $ 184,993 $ 41,612 $ 226,605 Year Ended December 31, 2022 (in thousands) Modular Storage Unallocated Costs Total Revenues: Leasing and services revenue: Leasing $ 992,316 $ 629,374 $ 1,621,690 Delivery and installation 272,749 156,403 429,152 Sales revenue: New units 33,985 6,353 40,338 Rental units 42,983 8,460 51,443 Total Revenues 1,342,033 800,590 2,142,623 Costs: Cost of leasing and services: Leasing 273,233 103,635 376,868 Delivery and installation 221,784 100,852 322,636 Cost of sales: New units 20,475 3,536 24,011 Rental units 21,271 5,636 26,907 Depreciation of rental equipment 221,433 35,286 256,719 Gross profit $ 583,837 $ 551,645 $ 1,135,482 Other selected data: Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations $ 508,343 $ 375,531 $ — $ 883,874 Selling, general and administrative expense $ 304,937 $ 215,732 $ 46,738 $ 567,407 Purchases of rental equipment and refurbishments $ 279,079 $ 118,297 $ — $ 397,376 Year Ended December 31, 2021 (in thousands) Modular Storage Unallocated Costs Total Revenues: Leasing and services revenue: Leasing $ 827,677 $ 424,813 $ 1,252,490 Delivery and installation 213,818 107,311 321,129 Sales revenue: New units 40,322 6,671 46,993 Rental units 38,666 13,702 52,368 Total revenues 1,120,483 552,497 1,672,980 Costs: Cost of leasing and services: Leasing 219,462 63,114 282,576 Delivery and installation 191,011 76,522 267,533 Cost of sales: New units 27,386 3,962 31,348 Rental units 20,163 7,867 28,030 Depreciation of rental equipment 190,805 27,985 218,790 Gross profit $ 471,656 $ 373,047 $ 844,703 Other selected data: Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations $ 404,577 $ 245,027 $ — $ 649,604 Selling, general and administrative expense $ 256,168 $ 160,300 $ 63,939 $ 480,407 Purchase of rental equipment and refurbishments $ 187,495 $ 45,426 $ — $ 232,921 The following tables present a reconciliation of the Company’s Income from continuing operations to Adjusted EBITDA for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively: Year Ended December 31, (in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 Income from continuing operations $ 341,844 $ 276,341 $ 114,895 Income tax expense from continuing operations 126,575 88,863 36,528 Loss on extinguishment of debt — — 5,999 Fair value loss on common stock warrant liabilities — — 26,597 Interest expense 205,040 146,278 116,358 Depreciation and amortization 338,654 319,099 280,567 Currency losses, net 6,754 886 427 Restructuring costs, lease impairment expense and other related charges 22 168 14,754 Transaction costs 2,259 25 1,375 Integration costs 10,366 15,484 28,410 Stock compensation expense 34,486 29,613 18,728 Other (4,535) 7,117 4,966 Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations $ 1,061,465 $ 883,874 $ 649,604 Included in restructuring costs for the year ended December 31, 2021 was expense of approximately $7.2 million recognized as a result of the modification of certain equity awards associated with the Transition, Separation and Release Agreement entered into on February 25, 2021 with the Company's former President and Chief Operating Officer. For the year ended December 31, 2021, stock-based compensation expense reported in the Statement of Cash Flows included these charges. Assets Assets related to the Company’s reportable segments include the following: (in thousands) Modular Storage Total As of December 31, 2023: Goodwill $ 580,692 $ 595,943 $ 1,176,635 Intangible assets, net $ 126,620 $ 293,089 $ 419,709 Rental equipment, net $ 2,141,848 $ 1,239,467 $ 3,381,315 As of December 31, 2022: Goodwill $ 518,877 $ 492,552 $ 1,011,429 Intangible assets, net $ 125,000 $ 294,125 $ 419,125 Rental equipment, net $ 2,004,055 $ 1,073,232 $ 3,077,287 |