Supplemental Oil and Gas Reserve Information (Unaudited) | Supplemental Oil and Gas Reserve Information (Unaudited) Results of Operations for Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Producing Properties The following are the results of operations (in thousands) of the Company’s oil and gas producing activities, before corporate overhead and interest expenses. The Company assumed a statutory tax rate of 38% for all years presented, although the Company was not subject to federal and state income taxes prior to the Corporate Reorganization. For the Year Ended December 31, 2017 2016 2015 Revenues $ 604,296 $ 278,089 $ 197,750 Operating Expenses: Production expenses 162,673 82,773 47,663 Exploration expenses 36,256 36,422 18,636 Depletion and accretion 311,916 203,073 144,228 Impairment of proved properties — 22,438 12,207 Results of operations before income tax expense 93,451 (66,617 ) (24,984 ) Income tax (expense) benefit (35,511 ) 25,314 9,494 Results of Operations $ 57,940 $ (41,303 ) $ (15,490 ) Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Reserve Quantities (Unaudited) The reserves at December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 presented below were prepared by the independent engineering firm Ryder Scott Company, L.P. All reserves are located within the DJ Basin. Proved oil, natural gas and NGL reserves are the estimated quantities of oil, natural gas and NGL which geological and engineering data demonstrate, with reasonable certainty, to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under economic and operating conditions (i.e., prices and costs) existing at the time the estimate is made. Proved developed oil, natural gas and NGL reserves are proved reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells and equipment in place and under operating methods being utilized at the time the estimates were made. The principal methodologies employed are decline curve analysis and analogy. The Company emphasizes that reserve estimates are inherently imprecise and that estimates of new discoveries and undeveloped locations are more imprecise than estimates of established proved producing oil and gas properties. Accordingly, these estimates are expected to change as future information becomes available. The following table sets forth information for the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 with respect to changes in the Company’s proved (i.e. proved developed and undeveloped) reserves: Crude Oil Natural Gas NGL MBoe Mbbls MMcf Mbbls Total Balance as of December 31, 2014 45,164.9 166,416.1 19,451.0 92,352.0 Revisions of previous estimates (2,961.0 ) (2,825.8 ) 2,281.9 (1,150.1 ) Purchase of reserves 11,831.7 64,392.7 7,533.3 30,097.1 Extensions, discoveries, and other additions 23,098.7 85,781.0 11,663.4 49,058.9 Sale of reserves (1,688.5 ) (10,357.1 ) (1,212.1 ) (4,626.8 ) Production (3,945.6 ) (10,823.0 ) (1,334.6 ) (7,084.0 ) Balance as of December 31, 2015 71,500.2 292,583.9 38,382.9 158,647.1 Revisions of previous estimates (15,576.8 ) 35,803.1 1,988.8 (7,620.8 ) Purchase of reserves 18,473.6 78,761.6 9,680.7 41,281.2 Extensions, discoveries, and other additions 21,885.4 120,798.3 14,679.9 56,698.5 Sale of reserves — — — — Production (5,287.4 ) (20,211.5 ) (2,284.0 ) (10,940.0 ) Balance as of December 31, 2016 90,995.0 507,735.4 62,448.3 238,066.0 Revisions of previous estimates (625.9 ) 9,349.8 1,961.6 2,894.0 Purchase of reserves 10,761.2 11,183.6 1,563.3 14,188.3 Extensions, discoveries, and other additions 19,738.4 130,295.4 15,033.6 56,487.9 Sale of reserves — — — — Production (9,593.7 ) (32,395.2 ) (3,900.8 ) (18,893.7 ) Balance as of December 31, 2017 111,275.0 626,169.0 77,106.0 292,742.5 Proved Developed Reserves, included above Balance as of December 31, 2015 14,248.6 53,011.7 7,058.3 30,142.3 Balance as of December 31, 2016 17,158.0 107,918.0 13,354.0 48,498.4 Balance as of December 31, 2017 37,078.0 222,236.0 27,932.0 102,049.3 Proved Undeveloped Reserves, included above Balance as of December 31, 2015 57,251.5 239,572.2 31,324.6 128,504.8 Balance as of December 31, 2016 73,837.0 399,817.4 49,094.3 189,567.5 Balance as of December 31, 2017 74,197.0 403,933.0 49,174.0 190,693.2 • The values for the 2017 oil, natural gas and NGL reserves are based on the 12-month arithmetic average of the first day of the month prices for the period from January through December 31, 2017 . The unweighted arithmetic average first-day-of-the-month prices for the prior twelve months were $51.34 per barrel (West Texas Intermediate price) for crude oil and NGL and $2.98 per MMBtu (Henry Hub price) for natural gas. All prices are then further adjusted for transportation, quality and basis differentials. The average resulting price used as of December 31, 2017 was $42.89 per barrel for oil, $1.73 per Mcf for natural gas and $20.28 per barrel for NGL. • The values for the 2016 oil, natural gas and NGL reserves are based on the 12-month arithmetic average of the first day of the month prices for the period from January through December 31, 2016 . The unweighted arithmetic average first-day-of-the-month prices for the prior twelve months were $42.75 per barrel (West Texas Intermediate price) for crude oil and NGL and $2.49 per MMBtu (Henry Hub price) for natural gas. All prices are then further adjusted for transportation, quality and basis differentials. The average resulting price used as of December 31, 2016 was $34.91 per barrel for oil, $1.39 per Mcf for natural gas and $11.63 per barrel for NGL. • The values for the 2015 oil, natural gas and NGL reserves are based on the 12 month arithmetic average of the first day of the month prices for the period from January through December 31, 2015 . The unweighted arithmetic average first-day-of-month prices for the prior twelve months were $50.28 per barrel (West Texas Intermediate price) for crude oil and NGL and $2.58 per MMBtu (Henry Hub price) for natural gas. All prices are then further adjusted for transportation, quality and basis differentials. The average resulting price used as of December 31, 2015 was $43.28 per barrel for oil, $2.11 per Mcf for natural gas and $10.65 per barrel for NGL. For the year ended December 31, 2017 , the Company had upward revisions of previous estimates of 2,894.0 MBoe. As a result of ongoing drilling and completion activities during 2017 , the Company reported extensions, discoveries, and other additions of 56,487.9 MBoe. Additionally, during 2017 the Company purchased reserves of 14,188.3 MBoe. For the year ended December 31, 2016 , the Company had downward revisions of previous estimates of 7,620.8 MBoe. As a result of ongoing drilling and completion activities during 2016 , the Company reported extensions, discoveries, and other additions of 56,698.5 MBoe. Additionally, during 2016 the Company purchased reserves of 41,281.2 MBoe. For the year ended December 31, 2015 , the Company had upward revisions of previous estimates of 1,150.1 MBoe. These revisions are primarily the result of well performance exceeding previous estimates. As a result of ongoing drilling and completion activities during 2015 , the Company reported extensions, discoveries, and other additions of 49,058.9 MBoe. Additionally, during 2015 the Company purchased reserves of 30,097.1 MBoe. Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows Relating to Proved Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Reserves The Company follows the guidelines prescribed in ASC 932, Extractive Activities-Oil and Gas for computing a standardized measure of future net cash flows and changes therein relating to estimated proved reserves. The following summarizes the policies used in the preparation of the accompanying oil, natural gas and NGL reserve disclosures, standardized measures of discounted future net cash flows from proved oil, natural gas and NGL reserves and the reconciliations of standardized measures from year to year. The information is based on estimates of proved reserves attributable to the Company’s interest in oil and gas properties as of December 31 of the years presented. These estimates were prepared by Ryder Scott Company L.P., independent petroleum engineers. The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows from production of proved reserves was developed as follows: (1) Estimates are made of quantities of proved reserves and future periods during which they are expected to be produced based on year-end economic conditions. (2) The estimated future cash flows are compiled by applying the trailing twelve month average of the first of the month prices applied to the Company’s proved reserve year-end quantities. (3) The future cash flows are reduced by estimated production costs, costs to develop and produce the proved reserves and abandonment costs, all based on year-end economic conditions, plus Company overhead incurred. (4) Future net cash flows are discounted to present value by applying a discount rate of 10% . The assumptions used to compute the standardized measure are those prescribed by the FASB and the SEC. These assumptions do not necessarily reflect the Company’s expectations of actual revenues to be derived from those reserves, nor their present value. The limitations inherent in the reserve quantity estimation process, as discussed previously, are equally applicable to the standardized measure computations, since these reserve quantity estimates are the basis for the valuation process. The Company emphasizes that reserve estimates are inherently imprecise and that estimates of new discoveries and undeveloped locations are more imprecise than estimates of established proved producing oil and gas properties. The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows does not purport, nor should it be interpreted, to present the fair value of the Company’s oil and natural gas reserves. An estimate of fair value would also take into account, among other things, the recovery of reserves not presently classified as proved, anticipated future changes in prices and costs and a discount factor more representative of the time value of money and the risks inherent in reserve estimates. The following are the principal sources of change in the standardized measure (in thousands): For the Year Ended December 31, 2017 2016 2015 Future crude oil, natural gas and NGL sales $ 7,422,335 $ 4,610,848 $ 4,119,888 Future production costs (2,227,370 ) (1,429,202 ) (1,193,560 ) Future development costs (1,662,859 ) (1,579,628 ) (1,141,330 ) Future income tax expense (212,923 ) (42,859 ) — Future net cash flows $ 3,319,183 $ 1,559,159 $ 1,784,998 10% annual discount (1,440,177 ) (836,163 ) (949,115 ) Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows (1) $ 1,879,006 $ 722,996 $ 835,883 (1) The Company’s calculations of the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows does not include the effect of estimated future income tax expenses for the year ended December 31, 2015 as the Company was a limited liability company and not subject to income taxes. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, future income tax expenses in the Company’s calculation of the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows are based on year-end statutory tax rates giving effect to the remaining tax basis in the oil and gas properties, other deductions, credit and allowances relating to the Company’s proved reserves. For purposes of the standardized measure calculation, it was assumed that all of the Company’s operations are attributable to the Company’s oil and gas assets. If the Company had been subject to entity-level income taxation, the unaudited pro forma future income tax expense at December 31, 2015 would have been $327.9 million and the unaudited standardized measure would have been $680.3 million . The following summary sets forth the Company’s future net cash flows relating to proved oil, natural gas and NGL reserves based on the standardized measure prescribed in ASC 932, Extractive Activities-Oil and Gas (in thousands): For the Year Ended December 31, 2017 2016 2015 Balance at beginning of period $ 722,996 $ 835,883 $ 1,387,472 Sales of crude oil, natural gas and NGL, net (441,623 ) (195,316 ) (150,087 ) Net change in prices and production costs 586,271 (325,236 ) (1,292,364 ) Net change in future development costs 3,959 (49,213 ) 175,944 Extensions and discoveries 330,160 96,982 284,216 Acquisitions of reserves 59,745 156,675 240,989 Sale of reserves — — (50,018 ) Revisions of previous quantity estimates 188,421 19,161 (28,391 ) Previously estimated development costs incurred 331,550 123,085 102,060 Net changes in income taxes (79,181 ) (17,611 ) — Accretion of discount 74,061 83,588 156,723 Other 102,647 (5,002 ) 9,339 Balance at end of period $ 1,879,006 $ 722,996 $ 835,883 |