Notes Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses | Notes Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses Our notes receivable represent amounts due from consumers for outstanding principal and reschedule fees on installment payment plans made on our platform. Consumers installment payment plans are interest-free, and typically consist of four installments, with the first payment made at the time of purchase and subsequent payments coming due every two weeks thereafter. Our notes receivable are generally due within 42 days. We classify all of our notes receivable as held for investment, as we have the intent and ability to hold these investments for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff. Since our portfolio is comprised of one product segment, point-of-sale unsecured installment loans, we evaluate our notes receivable as a single, homogenous portfolio and make merchant-specific or other adjustments as necessary. Our notes receivable are reported at amortized cost, which include unpaid principal and reschedule fee balances, adjusted for unearned transaction income, direct loan origination costs, and charge-offs. The amortized cost is adjusted for the allowance for credit losses within notes receivable, net. As of September 30, 2023, our notes receivable at amortized cost was comprised of the following: September 30, 2023 Notes receivable, gross $ 114,371,763 Deferred transaction income (3,225,739) Notes receivable, amortized cost $ 111,146,024 The following table summarizes our notes receivable, net, as of December 31, 2022 prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13: December 31, 2022 Notes receivable, gross $ 107,650,187 Less allowance for uncollectible accounts: Balance at beginning of year (23,114,173) Provision (29,437,179) Charge-offs, net of recoveries totaling $5,040,041 42,327,901 Total allowance for uncollectible accounts (10,223,451) Notes receivable, net of allowance 97,426,736 Deferred transaction income (4,068,332) Notes receivable, net $ 93,358,404 Deferred transaction income is comprised of unrecognized merchant fees and consumer reschedule fees net of direct note origination costs, which are recognized over the duration of the note with the consumer and are recorded as an offset to transaction income on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Our notes receivable had a weighted average days outstanding of 34 days, consistent with the prior year’s duration. We closely monitor credit quality for our notes receivable to manage and evaluate our related exposure to credit risk. When assessing the credit quality and risk of our portfolio, we monitor a variety of internal risk indicators and combine these factors to establish an internal, proprietary score as a credit quality indicator (the “Prophet Score”). We evaluate the credit risk of our portfolio by grouping Prophet Scores into three buckets that range from A to C, with receivables having an “A” rating representing the highest credit quality and lowest likelihood of loss. Receivables assigned “No score” represent consumers who have not placed at least two orders. The Prophet Score machine learning model analyzes a variety of risk indicators and consumer attributes that are shown to be predictive of ability and willingness to repay. Our risk and fraud team closely monitors the distribution of Prophet Scores for signs of changes in credit risk exposure and portfolio performance. The risk and fraud team also regularly evaluates the integrity of the Prophet Score machine learning model and updates it as necessary, but at least annually. The amortized cost basis of our notes receivable by Prophet Score and year of origination as of September 30, 2023 is as follows: September 30, 2023 Amortized cost basis by year of origination 2023 2022 Total A $ 39,189,038 $ 644 $ 39,189,682 B 36,430,263 1,974 36,432,237 C 28,060,553 5,647 28,066,200 No score 7,446,534 11,371 7,457,905 Total amortized cost $ 111,126,388 $ 19,636 $ 111,146,024 Our notes receivable are considered past due when the principal has not been received within one calendar day of when they are due in accordance with the agreed upon contractual terms. Any amounts delinquent after 90 days are charged-off with an offsetting reversal to the allowance for credit losses. Additionally, amounts identified as no longer collectible—such as when a consumer becomes deceased or bankrupt—are charged-off immediately. Principal payments recovered after 90 days are recognized as a reduction to the allowance for credit losses in the period the receivable is recovered. The amortized cost basis of our notes receivable by delinquency status as of September 30, 2023 is as follows: September 30, 2023 Current $ 100,196,148 1–28 days past due 5,539,980 29–56 days past due 2,965,975 57–90 days past due 2,443,921 Total amortized cost $ 111,146,024 The following table summarizes our gross notes receivable and related allowance for uncollectible accounts as of December 31, 2022 prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13: December 31, 2022 Gross Receivables Less Allowance Net Receivables Current $ 96,923,113 $ (3,348,558) $ 93,574,555 Days past due: 1–28 5,516,812 (2,146,103) 3,370,709 29–56 2,513,755 (2,063,131) 450,624 57–90 2,696,507 (2,665,659) 30,848 Total $ 107,650,187 $ (10,223,451) $ 97,426,736 We maintain an allowance for credit losses at a level necessary to absorb expected credit losses on principal and reschedule fee receivables from consumers. The allowance for credit losses is determined based on our current estimate of expected credit losses over the remaining contractual term and incorporates evaluations of known and inherent risks in our portfolio, historical credit losses, consumer payment trends, estimates of recoveries, current economic conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. We regularly assess the adequacy of our allowance for credit losses and adjust the allowance as necessary to reflect changes in the credit risk of our notes receivable. Any adjustment to the allowance for credit losses is recognized in net income (loss) through the provision for credit losses on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). While we believe our allowance for credit losses is appropriate based on the information available, actual losses could differ from the estimate. Effective January 1, 2023, we adopted accounting guidance which replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology with an expected credit loss methodology and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to determine credit loss estimates. Upon adoption, we decreased our allowance for credit losses and increased retained earnings through a cumulative-effect adjustment. In estimating the allowance for credit losses, we utilize a roll rate analysis of delinquent and current notes receivable. Roll rate analysis is a technique used to estimate the likelihood that a loan progresses through various stages of delinquency and eventually charges off. We segment our notes receivable into delinquency statuses and semi-monthly vintages for purposes of evaluating historical performance and determining the future likelihood of default. The activity in the allowance for credit losses, including the provision for credit losses, charge-offs, and recoveries for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 is as follows: For the three months ended September 30, For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 2022 2023 2022 Balance at beginning of period $ 6,494,092 $ 15,124,901 $ 10,223,451 $ 23,114,173 Adoption of Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13 — — (878,577) — Provision for credit losses 6,676,548 5,679,953 12,667,346 24,036,357 Charge-offs (5,239,171) (10,610,683) (16,416,612) (39,802,109) Recoveries of charged-off receivables 666,473 1,125,180 3,002,334 3,970,930 Balance at end of period $ 8,597,942 $ 11,319,351 $ 8,597,942 $ 11,319,351 Net charge-offs by year of origination for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 is as follows: 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Total Current period gross charge-offs $ (7,827,328) $ (8,570,864) $ (17,563) $ (650) $ (207) $ (16,416,612) Current period recoveries 154,331 1,713,229 806,145 250,964 77,665 3,002,334 Current period net charge-offs $ (7,672,997) $ (6,857,635) $ 788,582 $ 250,314 $ 77,458 $ (13,414,278) |