Segment Information | 20. SEGMENT INFORMATION The Company has two operating segments, which are also its reportable segments. The Company's operating segments are organized based upon primary market channels and, in most instances, the end use of products. Through its Electrical Raceway segment, the Company manufactures products that deploy, isolate and protect a structure's electrical circuitry from the original power source to the final outlet. These products, which include electrical conduit, armored cable, cable trays, mounting systems and fittings, are critical components of the electrical infrastructure for maintenance, repair and remodel markets. The vast majority of the Company's Electrical Raceway net sales are made to electrical distributors, who then serve electrical contractors and the Company considers both to be customers. Through the MP&S segment, the Company provides products and services that frame, support and secure component parts in a broad range of structures, equipment and systems in electrical, industrial and construction applications. The Company's principal products in this segment are metal framing products and in-line galvanized mechanical tube. Through its metal framing business, the Company designs, manufactures and installs metal strut and fittings used to assemble mounting structures that support heavy equipment and electrical content in buildings and other structures. Both segments use Adjusted EBITDA as the primary measure of profit and loss. Segment Adjusted EBITDA is the sum of income (loss) from operations before income taxes, adjusted to exclude unallocated expenses, depreciation and amortization, interest expense, net, gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt, restructuring and impairments, stock-based compensation, certain legal matters, consulting fees, transaction costs, gain on sale of joint venture and other items, such as inventory reserves and adjustments, release of indemnified uncertain tax positions, the impact of foreign exchange gains or losses and the impact from the Fence and Sprinkler exit. Intersegment transactions primarily consist of product sales at designated transfer prices on an arm's-length basis. Gross profit earned and reported within the segment is eliminated in the Company's consolidated results. Certain manufacturing and distribution expenses are allocated between the segments on a pro rata basis due to the shared nature of activities. Recorded amounts represent a proportional amount of the quantity of product produced for each segment. Certain assets, such as machinery and equipment and facilities, are not allocated to each segment despite serving both segments. These shared assets are reported within the MP&S segment. We allocate certain corporate operating expenses that directly benefit our operating segments, such as insurance and information technology, on a basis that reasonably approximates an estimate of the use of these services. Fiscal year ended September 30, 2019 September 30, 2018 September 30, 2017 (in thousands) External Net Sales Inter- segment Sales Adjusted EBITDA External Net Sales Inter- segment Sales Adjusted EBITDA External Net Sales Inter- segment Sales Adjusted EBITDA Electrical Raceway $ 1,442,278 $ 1,215 $ 292,585 $ 1,365,067 $ 1,544 $ 255,260 $ 1,093,500 $ 1,283 $ 189,351 MP&S 474,260 — $ 70,040 470,072 81 $ 51,339 410,434 98 $ 63,687 Eliminations — (1,215 ) — (1,625 ) — (1,381 ) Consolidated operations $ 1,916,538 $ — $ 1,835,139 $ — $ 1,503,934 $ — Capital Expenditures Total Assets (in thousands) September 30, 2019 September 30, 2018 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2019 September 30, 2018 September 30, 2017 Electrical Raceway $ 19,856 $ 16,389 $ 13,037 $ 871,771 $ 751,024 $ 757,775 MP&S 13,934 14,267 8,212 252,708 291,164 306,229 Unallocated 1,070 7,845 3,873 312,516 281,872 151,088 Consolidated operations $ 34,860 $ 38,501 $ 25,122 $ 1,436,995 $ 1,324,060 $ 1,215,092 Presented below is a reconciliation of operating segment Adjusted EBITDA to Income before income taxes : Fiscal Year Ended (in thousands) September 30, 2019 September 30, 2018 September 30, 2017 Operating segment Adjusted EBITDA Electrical Raceway $ 292,585 $ 255,260 $ 189,351 MP&S 70,040 51,339 63,687 Total $ 362,625 $ 306,599 $ 253,038 Unallocated expenses (a) (38,217 ) (35,050 ) (25,430 ) Depreciation and amortization (72,347 ) (66,890 ) (54,727 ) Interest expense, net (50,473 ) (40,694 ) (26,598 ) Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt — — (9,805 ) Restructuring charges (3,804 ) (1,849 ) (1,256 ) Stock-based compensation (11,798 ) (14,664 ) (12,788 ) Certain legal matters — 4,833 (7,551 ) Transaction costs (1,200 ) (9,314 ) (4,779 ) Gain on purchase of business 7,384 — — Gain on sale of a business — 27,575 — Gain on sale of joint venture — — 5,774 Other (b) (7,501 ) (4,194 ) 10,247 Income before income taxes $ 184,669 $ 166,352 $ 126,125 (a) Represents unallocated selling, general and administrative activities and associated expenses including, in part, executive, legal, finance, human resources, information technology, business development and communications, as well as certain costs and earnings of employee-related benefits plans, such as stock-based compensation and a portion of self-insured medical costs. (b) Represents other items, such as inventory reserves and adjustments, release of indemnified uncertain tax positions and the impact of foreign exchange gains or losses. The Company's long-lived assets and net sales by geography were as follows: Long-lived assets Net sales (in thousands) September 30, 2019 September 30, 2018 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2019 September 30, 2018 September 30, 2017 United States $ 219,614 $ 201,101 $ 202,823 $ 1,689,194 $ 1,651,636 $ 1,367,907 Other Americas 147 138 164 33,485 43,013 37,908 Europe 43,207 11,090 9,306 142,279 90,915 55,181 Asia-Pacific 1,998 2,386 3,378 51,580 49,575 42,938 Total $ 264,966 $ 214,715 $ 215,671 $ 1,916,538 $ 1,835,139 $ 1,503,934 The table below shows the amount of net sales from external customers for each of the Company's product categories which accounted for 10% or more of consolidated net sales in any of the last three fiscal years: Fiscal Year Ended (in thousands) September 30, 2019 September 30, 2018 September 30, 2017 Metal Electrical Conduit and Fittings $ 546,533 $ 517,935 $ 349,239 Armored Cable and Fittings 360,494 336,388 323,070 PVC Electrical Conduit & Fittings 292,243 311,811 265,389 Other raceway products 243,008 198,933 155,802 Electrical Raceway 1,442,278 1,365,067 1,093,500 Mechanical Pipe 259,613 253,381 211,245 Other MP&S products 214,647 216,691 199,189 MP&S 474,260 470,072 410,434 Net sales $ 1,916,538 $ 1,835,139 $ 1,503,934 Risks and Concentrations Concentration of Credit Risk — The Company extends credit to various customers in the retail and construction industries. Collection of trade receivables may be affected by changes in economic or other industry conditions and may, accordingly, impact the Company's overall credit risk. Although the Company generally does not require collateral, the Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of customers and maintains reserves for potential credit losses. As of September 30, 2019, no single customer represented more than 10% of the Company's accounts receivable balance. As of September 30, 2018, one customer, Sonepar Management US, Inc., represented 11% of the Company's accounts receivable balance. As of November 28, 2018, all amounts outstanding as of September 30, 2018, that are due to be paid from Sonepar Management US, Inc., have been received. In fiscal 2017, no single customer accounted for more than 10% of sales or accounts receivable. Concentration of Employees — As of September 30, 2019 , approximately 27% of the Company's employees were represented by a union under a collective bargaining agreement. All unions are either located in the United States or Canada with no unions or Worker's Councils at any of the other locations abroad. Our Harvey, Illinois Special Metal Processing Facility agreement with the United Steelworkers Union, involving a bargaining unit of 15 employees, expired on November 11, 2018 and we successfully negotiated a new agreement which now expires in November 2022. Our Harvey, Illinois collective bargaining agreement with the United Steelworkers involves nearly 400 represented employees, is set expire in April 2020. |