Investments | Investments Available-for-sale investments The following tables summarize the Company’s available-for-sale investments at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016: March 31, 2017 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Holding Gains Gross Unrealized Holding Losses Estimated Fair Value (in thousands) Fixed maturities: U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies $ 12,106 $ 6 $ (22 ) $ 12,090 Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions 128,662 1,756 (2,574 ) 127,844 Corporate and other securities 107,713 560 (154 ) 108,119 Asset-backed securities 68,965 241 (218 ) 68,988 Residential mortgage-backed securities 81,885 554 (1,723 ) 80,716 Total fixed maturities 399,331 3,117 (4,691 ) 397,757 Equity securities: Exchange traded funds 17,465 4,952 (7 ) 22,410 Total available-for-sale investments $ 416,796 $ 8,069 $ (4,698 ) $ 420,167 December 31, 2016 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Holding Gains Gross Unrealized Holding Losses Estimated Fair Value (in thousands) Fixed maturities: U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies $ 12,106 $ 8 $ (16 ) $ 12,098 Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions 124,728 1,470 (2,960 ) 123,238 Corporate and other securities 118,473 550 (233 ) 118,790 Asset-backed securities 73,317 241 (264 ) 73,294 Residential mortgage-backed securities 84,902 585 (1,684 ) 83,803 Total fixed maturities 413,526 2,854 (5,157 ) 411,223 Equity securities: Exchange traded funds 14,350 4,026 (2 ) 18,374 Total available-for-sale investments $ 427,876 $ 6,880 $ (5,159 ) $ 429,597 Available-for-sale securities in a loss position The Company regularly reviews all securities with unrealized losses to assess whether the decline in the securities’ fair value is deemed to be an other-than-temporary impairment ("OTTI"). The Company considers a number of factors in completing its OTTI review, including the length of time and the extent to which fair value has been below cost and the financial condition of an issuer. In addition to specific issuer information, the Company also evaluates the current market and interest rate environment. Generally, a change in a security’s value caused by a change in the market or interest rate environment does not constitute an OTTI, but rather a temporary decline in market value. For fixed maturities, the Company considers whether it intends to sell the security or if it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery, the credit quality of the issuer and the ability to recover all amounts outstanding when contractually due. When assessing whether it intends to sell a fixed maturity or if it is likely to be required to sell a fixed maturity before recovery of its amortized cost, the Company evaluates facts and circumstances including, but not limited to, decisions to reposition the investment portfolio, potential sales of investments to meet cash flow needs and potential sales of investments to capitalize on favorable pricing. For equity securities, the Company considers the near-term prospects of an issuer and its ability and intent to hold the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for anticipated recovery. For fixed maturities where a decline in fair value is considered to be other-than-temporary and the Company intends to sell the security, or it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost, an impairment is recognized in net income based on the fair value of the security at the time of assessment, resulting in a new cost basis for the security. If the decline in fair value of a fixed maturity security below its amortized cost is considered to be other-than-temporary based upon other considerations, the Company compares the estimated present value of the cash flows expected to be collected to the amortized cost of the security. The extent to which the estimated present value of the cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost of the security represents the credit-related portion of the OTTI, which is recognized in net income, resulting in a new cost basis for the security. Any remaining decline in fair value represents the noncredit portion of the OTTI, which is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss). For equity securities, a decline in fair value that is considered to be other-than-temporary is recognized in net income based on the fair value of the security at the time of assessment, resulting in a new cost basis for the security. The following tables summarize gross unrealized losses and fair value for available-for-sale securities by length of time that the securities have continuously been in an unrealized loss position: March 31, 2017 Less than 12 Months 12 Months or Longer Total Estimated Fair Value Gross Unrealized Holding Losses Estimated Fair Value Gross Unrealized Holding Losses Estimated Fair Value Gross Unrealized Holding Losses (in thousands) Fixed maturities: U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies $ 11,975 $ (22 ) $ — $ — $ 11,975 $ (22 ) Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions 63,280 (2,517 ) 3,214 (57 ) 66,494 (2,574 ) Corporate and other securities 41,345 (114 ) 6,962 (40 ) 48,307 (154 ) Asset-backed securities 13,408 (194 ) 7,267 (24 ) 20,675 (218 ) Residential mortgage-backed securities 63,050 (1,443 ) 7,279 (280 ) 70,329 (1,723 ) Total fixed maturities 193,058 (4,290 ) 24,722 (401 ) 217,780 (4,691 ) Equity securities: Exchange traded funds 1,013 (7 ) — — 1,013 (7 ) Total $ 194,071 $ (4,297 ) $ 24,722 $ (401 ) $ 218,793 $ (4,698 ) At March 31, 2017 , the Company held 210 fixed maturity securities with a total estimated fair value of $217.8 million and gross unrealized losses of $4.7 million . Of these securities, 21 were in a continuous unrealized loss position for greater than one year. As discussed above, the Company regularly reviews all securities within its investment portfolio to determine whether any impairment has occurred. Unrealized losses were caused by interest rate changes or other market factors and were not credit specific issues. At March 31, 2017 , 92.1% of the Company’s fixed maturity securities were rated "A-" or better and made expected coupon payments under the contractual terms of the securities. At March 31, 2017 , the Company held three exchange traded funds ("ETFs") in its equity portfolio with a total estimated fair value of $1.0 million and gross unrealized losses of $7 thousand . None of these securities were in a continuous unrealized loss position for greater than one year. Management concluded that there were no other-than-temporary impairments from fixed maturity or equity securities with unrealized losses for the three months ended March 31, 2017 . December 31, 2016 Less than 12 Months 12 Months or Longer Total Estimated Fair Value Gross Unrealized Holding Losses Estimated Fair Value Gross Unrealized Holding Losses Estimated Fair Value Gross Unrealized Holding Losses (in thousands) Fixed maturities: U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies $ 8,980 $ (16 ) $ — $ — $ 8,980 $ (16 ) Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions 70,727 (2,960 ) — — 70,727 (2,960 ) Corporate and other securities 50,274 (145 ) 12,375 (88 ) 62,649 (233 ) Asset-backed securities 14,750 (232 ) 9,961 (32 ) 24,711 (264 ) Residential mortgage-backed securities 65,439 (1,403 ) 7,186 (281 ) 72,625 (1,684 ) Total fixed maturities 210,170 (4,756 ) 29,522 (401 ) 239,692 (5,157 ) Equity securities: Exchange traded funds 388 (2 ) — — 388 (2 ) Total $ 210,558 $ (4,758 ) $ 29,522 $ (401 ) $ 240,080 $ (5,159 ) At December 31, 2016 , the Company held 231 fixed maturity securities with a total estimated fair value of $239.7 million and gross unrealized losses of $5.2 million . Of those securities, 24 were in a continuous unrealized loss position for greater than one year. Unrealized losses were caused by interest rate changes or other market factors and were not credit specific issues. At December 31, 2016, 92.6% of the Company’s fixed maturity securities were rated "A-" or better and made expected coupon payments under the contractual terms of the securities. Based on its review, the Company concluded that none of the fixed maturity securities with an unrealized loss at December 31, 2016 experienced an other-than-temporary impairment. Within its equity portfolio, the Company holds an ETF with exposure across developed and emerging non-U.S. equity markets around the world. This ETF had been in an unrealized loss position for greater than one year and, management concluded based upon its review, it was other-than-temporarily impaired. The Company recognized an impairment loss of $0.3 million on this fund for the year ended December 31, 2016. Contractual maturities of available-for-sale fixed maturity securities The amortized cost and estimated fair value of available-for-sale fixed maturity securities at March 31, 2017 are summarized, by contractual maturity, as follows: March 31, 2017 Amortized Estimated Cost Fair Value (in thousands) Due in one year or less $ 67,053 $ 67,053 Due after one year through five years 56,664 57,157 Due after five years through ten years 24,556 25,124 Due after ten years 100,208 98,719 Asset-backed securities 68,965 68,988 Residential mortgage-backed securities 81,885 80,716 Total fixed maturities $ 399,331 $ 397,757 Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties, and the lenders may have the right to put the securities back to the borrower. Net investment income The following table presents the components of net investment income: Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 2016 (in thousands) Interest: Taxable bonds $ 1,537 $ 1,389 Municipal bonds (tax exempt) 794 406 Cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments 87 8 Dividends on equity securities 110 84 Gross investment income 2,528 1,887 Investment expenses (242 ) (211 ) Net investment income $ 2,286 $ 1,676 Realized investment gains and losses The following table presents realized investment gains and losses for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016: Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 2016 (in thousands) Realized gains: Sales of fixed maturities $ — $ 387 Total realized gains — 387 Realized losses: Sales of fixed maturities (32 ) — Total realized losses (32 ) — Net investment (losses) gains $ (32 ) $ 387 Change in net unrealized gains (losses) on investments The following table presents the change in available-for-sale net unrealized gains (losses) by investment type for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016: Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 2016 (in thousands) Change in net unrealized gains (losses): Fixed maturities $ 729 $ 2,930 Equity securities 921 341 Net increase $ 1,650 $ 3,271 Insurance – statutory deposits The Company had invested assets with a carrying value of $7.0 million on deposit with state regulatory authorities at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 . Payable for investments purchased The Company recorded a payable for investments purchased, not yet settled, of $0.8 million at March 31, 2017 and $0.6 million at December 31, 2016. The payable balances were included in the "other liabilities" line item of the balance sheet and treated as a non-cash transaction for purposes of cash flow presentation. |