INVESTMENTS | INVESTMENTS Fixed Maturity Securities Available-for-sale securities are reported at fair value as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Held-to-maturity securities are reported at amortized cost as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The following is a summary of our investment securities as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousand s) : June 30, 2022 Amortized Gross Gross Carrying Cash equivalents $ 391,200 $ — $ (15) $ 391,185 Available for sale: U.S. government and agency obligations 901,208 80 (8,788) 892,500 Corporate obligations 518,584 137 (28,928) 489,793 State and municipal obligations 16,757 — (287) 16,470 Certificates of deposit 16,115 — (2) 16,113 Mortgage-backed securities 148,265 617 (9,610) 139,272 Asset-backed securities 74,418 10 (2,974) 71,454 Other 391 — (13) 378 Total available-for-sale securities 1,675,738 844 (50,602) 1,625,980 Held to maturity: U.S. government and agency obligations 4,978 — — 4,978 Certificates of deposit 1,447 — — 1,447 Total held-to-maturity securities 6,425 — — 6,425 Total investments $ 2,073,363 $ 844 $ (50,617) $ 2,023,590 December 31, 2021 Amortized Gross Gross Carrying Cash equivalents $ 192,623 $ — $ — $ 192,623 Available for sale: U.S. government and agency obligations 311,936 259 (2,200) 309,995 Corporate obligations 313,965 326 (1,104) 313,187 State and municipal obligations 16,122 33 (38) 16,117 Certificates of deposit 18,752 — — 18,752 Mortgage-backed securities 38,558 63 (67) 38,554 Other 42,889 13 (30) 42,872 Total available-for-sale securities 742,222 694 (3,439) 739,477 Held to maturity: U.S. government and agency obligations 7,739 — — 7,739 Certificates of deposit 1,447 — — 1,447 Total held-to-maturity securities 9,186 — — 9,186 Total investments $ 944,031 $ 694 $ (3,439) $ 941,286 The fair value of available-for-sale investments, including those that are cash equivalents, with gross unrealized losses by major security type and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were as follows (in thousand s) : June 30, 2022 Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or Greater Total Description of Investments Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Cash equivalents 48,419 (15) — — 48,419 (15) U.S. government and agency obligations 865,788 (8,143) 15,470 (645) 881,258 (8,788) Corporate obligations 458,430 (28,857) 1,422 (71) 459,852 (28,928) State and municipal obligations 16,469 (287) — — 16,469 (287) Certificates of deposit 2,856 (2) — — 2,856 (2) Mortgage-backed securities 128,791 (9,610) — — 128,791 (9,610) Asset-backed securities 68,580 (2,974) — — 68,580 (2,974) Other 953 (13) — — 953 (13) Total bonds $ 1,590,286 $ (49,901) $ 16,892 $ (716) $ 1,607,178 $ (50,617) December 31, 2021 Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or Greater Total Description of Investments Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized U.S. government and agency obligations 286,823 (2,200) — — 286,823 (2,200) Corporate obligations 234,070 (1,104) — — 234,070 (1,104) State and municipal obligations 10,442 (38) — — 10,442 (38) Mortgage-backed securities 32,715 (67) — — 32,715 (67) Other 29,115 (30) — — 29,115 (30) Total bonds $ 593,165 $ (3,439) $ — $ — $ 593,165 $ (3,439) As of June 30, 2022, we had 2,142 investment positions out of 2,377 that were in an unrealized loss position. As of December 31, 2021, we had 1,343 investment positions out of 1,836 that were in an unrealized loss position. We believe that we will collect the principal and interest due on our debt securities that have an amortized cost in excess of fair value. The unrealized losses were primarily caused by interest rate increases and not by unfavorable changes in the credit quality or issuer credit ratings associated with these securities. In addition, all issuers of debt securities we own remain current on all contractual payments as of June 30, 2022. At each reporting period, we evaluate debt securities for potential impairment when the fair value of the investment is less than its amortized cost, and we intend to sell the securities or it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis. As of June 30, 2022, we did not have the intent to sell any of the securities in an unrealized loss position, and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis. As of June 30, 2022, the maturity of available-for-sale securities, by contractual maturity, reflected at amortized cost and fair value were as follows (in thousand s) : Amortized Fair Due in one year or less $ 785,073 $ 783,124 Due after one year through five years 540,080 516,463 Due after five years through 10 years 339,726 315,997 Due after 10 years 10,859 10,396 Total debt securities $ 1,675,738 $ 1,625,980 Investment income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, was $6.3 million, and $2.4 million, respectively, and $5.4 million and $1.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, related to our fixed maturity securities. The gross proceeds from the sale of available-for-sale securities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 were $157.1 million and $576.1 million, respectively. Realized (losses) gains from our fixed maturity securities of $(2.5) million and $0.2 million are included within total investment income, and reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income, for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Equity Securities On April 1, 2021 we completed the purchase of 1.6 million shares of equity securities for aggregate cash consideration of $40.1 million. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the equity securities had a carrying value of $63.2 million and $120.4 million, respectively, which is included in short-term investments in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. We recognized unrealized (losses) gains of $(16.2) million and $58.5 million in investment income (loss) in the Condensed |