Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to authoritative United States generally accepted accounting principles as found in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and as amended by Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements include all normal and recurring adjustments (which consist primarily of accruals and estimates that impact the financial statements) which are considered necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of September 30, 2021, its results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, its changes in redeemable preferred convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity (deficit) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 and its cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the full year. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020, and the notes thereto, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (the "Annual Report") filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 10, 2021. The condensed consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2020 presented for comparative purposes was derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. The results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results to be expected for the full year or for any other subsequent interim period. The Company’s significant accounting policies are disclosed in the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020, included in its Annual Report and, since that date, there have been no changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies. COVID-19 Pandemic With the ongoing COVID-19 global pandemic, the Company has implemented business continuity plans designed to address and mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on its employees and its business, including its preclinical studies, its ongoing clinical trial, and its regulatory filings. The Company has taken measures to secure its research and development activities, while work in its laboratories and facilities has been re-organized to reduce risks of COVID-19 transmission. Given the global impact and the other risks and uncertainties associated with the pandemic, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. The Company continues to closely monitor the COVID-19 pandemic and evolve its business continuity plans, clinical development plans and response strategy to mitigate any potential impact. As of the date of issuance of these financial statements, the Company is not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require the Company to update its estimates, assumptions and judgments or revise the carrying value of its assets or liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and any such differences may be material to the Company’s financial statements. Going Concern At each reporting period, the Company evaluates whether there are conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. The Company is required to make certain additional disclosures if it concludes substantial doubt exists and it is not alleviated by the Company’s plans or when its plans alleviate substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Principles of Consolidation The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of its wholly owned subsidiary, Oncorus Securities Corporation. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company has one operating segment. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. On an ongoing basis, the Company’s management evaluates its estimates, which include, but are not limited to, the estimated fair value of the Company’s common stock and share-based awards utilized for stock-based compensation purposes, accrued expenses, and amounts of expenses during the reported period. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and other market-specific or other relevant assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from those estimates or assumptions. Deferred Offering Costs The Company capitalizes certain legal, professional, accounting and other third-party fees that are directly associated with in-process equity issuances as deferred offering costs until such equity issuances are consummated. After consummation of the equity issuance, these costs are recorded as a reduction in the capitalized amount associated with the equity issuance. Concentration of Credit Risk and of Significant Suppliers Financial instruments that potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. The Company has all of its cash at one financial institution, that management believes to be of high credit quality, in amounts that exceed federally insured limits. Cash equivalents consist of money market funds that invest primarily in U.S. government-backed securities and treasuries. The Company is dependent upon a third-party contract manufacturer and third-party contract research organizations for the performance of portions of its testing for pre-clinical and clinical studies. The Company believes that its relationships with these organizations are satisfactory, and that alternative suppliers of these services are available in the event of the loss of one or more of these suppliers. Restricted Cash The Company maintains a balance in a segregated bank account in connection with a letter of credit for the benefit of the landlord in connection with an operating lease. As of September 30, 2021, restricted cash consisted of $ 2.9 million held for the benefit of the landlord. This amount has been classified as part of non-current assets on the Company's unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company includes its restricted cash balance in the cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reconciliation of operating, investing, and financing activities in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands): September 30, 2021 2020 (in thousands) Cash and cash equivalents $ 145,603 $ 54,019 Restricted cash 2,877 — Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the unaudited interim consolidated statements of cash flows $ 148,480 $ 54,019 Fair Value Measurements Certain assets and liabilities of the Company are carried at fair value under GAAP. Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value are to be classified and disclosed in one of the following three levels of the fair value hierarchy, of which the first two are considered observable and the last is considered unobservable: Level 1 —Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date. Level 2 —Valuations based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted market prices, interest rates, and yield curves. Level 3 —Valuations that require inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable. To the extent a valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair values requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized as Level 3. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents, classified within Level 1, are valued using net asset value per share for the money market funds. The tranche rights granted to the Series B stockholders were classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because they were valued using significant inputs not observable in the market. The valuation of the tranche rights used assumptions the Company believed would be made by a market participant. The Company assessed these estimates on an ongoing basis as additional data impacting the assumptions was obtained. Refer to Note 6 for additional information regarding the valuation of the tranche rights. The Company believes that the carrying amounts of prepaid expenses, other current assets, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate their fair value due to the short-term nature of those instruments. Operating Leases During the quarter ended December 31, 2020, the Company early adopted ASC Topic 842, “Leases” (“ASC 842”) using the revised modified retrospective approach as of January 1, 2020. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the adoption of ASC 842, including retroactive adjustments to the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statement of cash flows and certain additional footnote disclosures as included herein. The adoption of ASC 842 had no material impact to the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. At the inception of an arrangement, the Company determines whether the arrangement is or contains a lease based on specific facts and circumstances, the existence of an identified asset(s), if any, and the Company’s control over the use of the identified asset(s), if applicable. The lease liability is measured at the present value of future lease payments, discounted using the discount rate as of the lease commencement date. The interest rate implicit in lease contracts is typically not readily determinable. As such, the Company utilizes the incremental borrowing rate, which is the rate incurred to borrow, on a collateralized basis over a similar term, an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. The Company recognizes a corresponding lease right of use (“ROU”) asset, initially measured as the amount of lease liability, adjusted for any initial lease costs or lease payments made before or at the commencement of the lease, and reduced by any lease incentives. The Company’s leases consist of only operating leases. Operating leases are recognized on the balance sheet as ROU lease assets, lease liabilities current and lease liabilities non-current. Fixed rents are included in the calculation of the lease balances while certain variable costs paid for certain operating and pass-through costs are excluded. Lease expense is recognized over the expected term on a straight-line basis. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements There have been no recently issued accounting pronouncements other than those described in the Company’s audited financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020, and the notes thereto, which are included in the Annual Report. |