officer, Mr. Seaton, our senior brand advisor and director, Ms. Newmark, and our chief financial officer, Mr. Mitchell. The CSS Management Agreement also provides for services, such as accounting, legal, marketing, management, data access and back-office systems, and provides us with office space and equipment usage.
We pay CSS a management fee equal to 5% of our gross revenue for each calendar quarter, with each quarterly fee payable on or prior the 45th day after the end of the calendar quarter to which it relates.
For the year ended December 31, 2018, we recorded $1.3 million of management fee expense under this agreement. We believe that the terms and conditions of the CSS Management Agreement are more favorable and cost effective to us than if we hired the full staff to operate the company.
On August 1, 2019, we entered into an amendment (“Amendment”) to the CSS Management Agreement. The Amendment retroactively removed our obligation to pay sales commissions to CSS in connection with sponsorships for our video content or other revenue generating transactions arranged by CSS or its affiliates.
Credit Facility
In May 2016, we entered into a credit facility (“Credit Facility”) with an affiliate of Mr. Rouhana, our chief executive officer and chairman of the board. Under the terms of the Credit Facility, as amended as of December 12, 2016, January 24, 2017 and March 27, 2017, we were entitled to borrow, repay and reborrow up to an aggregate of $4.5 million through June 30, 2018. Our payment obligations under the Credit Facility were senior obligations and secured by a first priority security interest in all of our assets. The proceeds of the loans made under the Credit Facility were used by us for working capital and general corporate purposes. All amounts outstanding and owed under the Credit Facility were repaid by us in April 2018 and the Credit Facility was terminated.
Formation of Joint Venture with Crackle
On March 27, 2019, we entered into an agreement (“Contribution Agreement”) with CPE Holdings, Inc. (“CPEH”), which is currently a business of Sony Pictures Television (“SPT”), one of the television industry’s leading content providers, and Crackle, Inc. (“Crackle”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of CPEH, to contribute our respective VOD businesses to a newly-formed joint venture entity, Crackle Plus, LLC.
On May 14, 2019, the joint venture, Crackle Plus, LLC was formed, and we launched our new streaming video joint venture. CPEH, Crackle, and their affiliates, and the Company and its subsidiaries each contributed assets to establish Crackle Plus. Crackle’s contributions to the joint venture included Crackle’s U.S. and Canadian assets including the Crackle brand in those territories, its monthly active users and its ad rep business. SPT and the joint venture also entered into a license agreement for rights to popular TV series and movies from the Sony Pictures Entertainment library, including Crackle’s original content library. In addition, New Media Services, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sony Electronics Inc., has contracted to provide the technology back-end services for the newly formed joint venture. Our contributions to the joint venture included the rights to six owned and operated AVOD networks (Popcornflix, Truli, Popcornflix Kids, Popcornflix Comedy, Frightpix, and Espanolflix) and subscription video-on-demand (SVOD) platform Pivotshare.
Under the terms of the agreement, we own the majority interest in the joint venture. Additionally, we issued to CPEH four million five-year warrants to purchase shares of our Class A common stock at various prices.
Acquisition of A Plus
On December 28, 2018, we completed the acquisition of 100% of the outstanding capital stock of A Sharp Inc (d/b/a “A Plus”). A Plus is a digital media company that develops and distributes high-quality, empathetic short-form videos and articles to millions of people worldwide, with an emphasis on positive journalism and social change. A Plus had reach of nearly 3 billion content views in 2018 and increased its social media by 10% to over 3.2 million followers. A Plus was founded by and is chaired by renowned actor and investor, Ashton Kutcher.