CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Certain Relationships and Transactions
Other than the compensation agreements and other arrangements described under “Executive compensation” and “Director compensation” in this proxy statement and the transactions described below, since January 1, 2017, there has not been and there is not currently proposed, any transaction or series of similar transactions to which we were, or will be, a party in which the amount involved exceeded, or will exceed, $120,000 (or, if less, 1% of the average of our total assets amounts at December 31, 2017 and 2018) and in which any director, executive officer, holder of five percent or more of any class of our capital stock or any member of the immediate family of, or entities affiliated with, any of the foregoing persons, had, or will have, a direct or indirect material interest.
Participation in our Initial Public Offering
Certain of our existing stockholders, including stockholders affiliated with certain of our directors, purchased an aggregate of approximately $25 million in shares of our common stock in our initial public offering in June 2018 at the initial public offering price. The underwriting discount for the shares sold to such stockholders in the initial public offering was the same as the underwriting discount for the shares sold to the public.
License Agreements and Related Agreements with University Health Network
On January 27, 2016, we entered into an exclusive license agreement with University Health Network, or UHN, pursuant to which UHN granted us an exclusive license to certain intellectual property rights relating toInterleukin-12 proteins, orIL-12. We entered into an amendment to this agreement on September 28, 2017. Under this agreement, we paid C$264,000 to UHN upon execution of the agreement which consisted of an upfront license fee and reimbursement of certain patent expenses. We are also obligated to pay an annual license fee as well as payments in connection with the achievement of certain performance and development milestones for an aggregate total of up to C$19.275 million in milestone payments. Additionally, we will pay a low tomid-single digit royalty percentage on annual sales of licensed products, and a low double digit percentage of all sublicensing revenue. For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, we paid $41,000 and $151,000 to UHN under this agreement, respectively. Pursuant to this agreement, UHN also purchased 1,161,665 shares of our common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $480.00 under a stock purchase agreement. Under the terms of the stock purchase agreement, we paid to UHN $2 million in July 2018 following the completion of our initial public offering in June 2018, or our IPO.
On January 27, 2016, we entered into an option agreement with UHN pursuant to which UHN granted us an exclusive option to enter into an exclusive license under certain intellectual property rights related to Fabry disease. On November 4, 2016, we executed our option and entered into an exclusive license agreement with UHN. Under this agreement, UHN granted us an exclusive worldwide license under certain intellectual property rights and anon-exclusive worldwide license under certainknow-how, in each case subject to certain retained rights, to develop, commercialize and sell products for use in the treatment of Fabry disease. Under the terms of the agreement, we paid to UHN aone-time upfront fee of C$75,000 and are obligated to pay an annual maintenance fee until the first sale of a licensed product in certain markets. We are also required to make payments to UHN in connection with the achievement of certain development and regulatory milestones in an aggregate amount of up to C$2.45 million, as well as royalties on acountry-by-country basis of a low tomid-single digit percentage on annual sales of licensed products and a lower single digit royalty in certain circumstances. Additionally, we will pay a low double digit percentage of all sublicensing revenue. We also made a philanthropic commitment to donate funds to organizations for the benefit of the Canadian Fabry community in an amount equal to a low double digit percentage of our royalty payments and regulatory milestone payments, up to a maximum of C$500,000 in any calendar year. For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, we paid $15,000 and $16,000 to UHN in connection with this agreement, respectively, which consisted of our license option fee, the upfront fee and maintenance fees. In connection with this agreement, we
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