Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies A discussion of our significant accounting policies and estimates is included in our 2017 Form 10-K. There have been no changes except for our revenue recognition policy due to the adoption of the new revenue standard discussed below. Supplemental Cash Flow Information Supplemental cash flow for the periods presented (in thousands): For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 2017 Supplemental cash flows: Cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest $ 21,312 $ 656 Noncash investing activities: Increase (decrease) in capital expenditures in accounts payables and accrued liabilities (34,893 ) 25,528 (Increase) decrease in accounts receivable related to capital expenditures and acquisitions 4,229 — New Accounting Standards Definition of a Business In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued an accounting standards update to clarify the definition of a business. The definition of a business affects many areas of accounting including acquisitions, disposals, goodwill, and consolidation. The amendments are intended to help companies and other organizations evaluate whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The amendments provide a more robust framework to use in determining when a set of assets and activities is a business. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. Early adoption was permitted and the guidance is to be applied on a prospective basis to purchases or disposals of a business or an asset. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2018 and it did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Statement of Cash Flows – Restricted Cash a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force In November 2016, the FASB issued an accounting standards update to clarify the guidance on the classification and presentation of restricted cash in the statement of cash flows. The changes in restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents that result from the transfers between cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should not be presented as cash flow activities in the statement of cash flows. The new guidance is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The new guidance requires transition under a retrospective approach for each period presented. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2018 and it did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Statement of Cash Flows – Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments In August 2016, the FASB issued an accounting standards update to address eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the current and potential future diversity in practice. The new guidance is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The new guidance requires transition under a retrospective approach for each period presented. If it is impracticable to apply the amendments retrospectively for some of the issues, the amendments for those issues would be applied prospectively as of the earliest date practicable. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2018 and it did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Leases In February 2016, the FASB issued a revision to its lease accounting guidance. The FASB retained a dual model, requiring leases to be classified as either direct financing or operating leases. The classification will be based on criteria that are similar to the current lease accounting treatment. The revised guidance requires lessees to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for all leasing transactions regardless of classification. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. If a lessee makes this election, it should recognize lease expense for such leases generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The amendments are effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those fiscal years. Although early adoption is permitted for all entities as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period, the Company will apply the revised lease rules for our interim and annual reporting periods starting January 1, 2019 using the required modified retrospective approach, including applicable practical expedients related to leases commenced before the effective date. As the Company is the lessee under various agreements for office space, compressors and equipment currently accounted for as operating leases, the new rules will increase reported assets and liabilities. The full quantitative impacts of the new standard are dependent on the leases in force at the time of adoption and, as a result, the evaluation of the effect of the new standards will extend over future periods. Revenue from Contracts with Customers Our revenues are derived through the sale of our hydrocarbon production, specifically the sale of crude oil, natural gas and NGLs. On January 1, 2018 the Company adopted ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers Previous periods have not been revised or adjusted and reflect the revenue standard in effect for those periods. Under the previous revenue recognition standard, ASC 605, revenues were recognized when the product was delivered at a fixed and determinable price, title transferred and collectability was reasonably assured and evidenced by a contract. Crude oil sales contracts We have performance obligations under our crude oil sales contracts to deliver barrels of oil, where each barrel of oil is considered to be its own performance obligation under the new revenue standard. Volumes are not predetermined and pricing for the crude oil is index-based, adjusted for location and other economic factors. We recognize revenue from the sale of our crude oil at a point in time, when we transfer control of the crude oil to our purchaser, which occurs when the oil passes through our facilities (typically a tank battery) into our purchaser’s receiving equipment (typically a truck). Once the crude oil has been delivered, we have fulfilled our obligation and we no longer have the ability to direct the use of, or obtain any of the remaining benefits from that crude oil. Sales of crude oil are presented on the “Oil sales” line item of our statement of operations. The adoption of the new revenue standard did not result in any changes to the accounting or presentation of oil sales. Natural gas sales contracts Our natural gas contracts stipulate that we deliver unprocessed natural gas to a contractually specified delivery point. Once the natural gas enters our customer’s facilities, it may be compressed, dehydrated, treated, separated into residue gas (predominately methane) and NGLs, or otherwise processed. For a majority of our natural gas sales contracts, WildHorse transfers control of the natural gas (which could include both residue and NGLs) to our customer upon delivery into their facilities and we recognize revenue at that point in time. Our performance obligation within these contracts is to deliver unprocessed natural gas. Once delivered, we have fulfilled our obligation and our customers have full control over the use, sale or disposition of the gas. Any charges assessed to us by our customer, including but not limited to gathering, processing, compression, treating and dehydration are considered to be a reduction to the transaction price because we did not receive a distinct good or service from the customer. Services are not deemed to be provided to us because the related activities occur after we transfer control of the gas to our customer. Prior to the adoption of the new revenue standard, these charges were reported within “Gathering, processing and transportation” expense in our statement of operations, while these costs are now being netted against revenues. For the other portion of our natural gas sales contracts, our contracts are structured such that both the customer and WildHorse have shared contractual control over the natural gas. Contractual terms dictate that payment to us is based on actual extracted volumes of NGLs/residue gas. Further, the contracts stipulate that a portion of that processed gas is retained by our customer as compensation for their services, thereby incentivizing the customer to process our gas and operate their facilities efficiently in our best interest. Under these contracts, the value associated with the volumes our customer retains and any charges assessed by our customer are recognized on our “Gathering, processing and transportation” expense line item. This is because the gas is contractually controlled by both us and our customer until our performance obligation is fulfilled at the tailgate of our customer’s plant (once processing has been completed). Our performance obligation under these contracts is to sell the extracted NGLs and residue gas. We recognize revenue at a point in time (at the plant tailgate) when we have fulfilled our performance obligation. Prior to the adoption of the new revenue standard, we did not recognize the volumes retained by our customer as an expense and we reported revenues net of the volumes they retained. Residue gas contracts In certain of the natural gas sales contracts discussed above, the residue gas separated during plant processing is not sold to the processor but is instead redelivered back to us at the tailgate of the plant. We directly market these volumes to third parties using index-based natural gas prices and utilize our pipeline capacity (under our transportation agreements) to deliver these volumes from the plant tailgate to market. Our performance obligation in our residue gas contracts is the delivery of residue gas. Control over residue gas transfers upon delivery, at which point we have fulfilled our performance obligation and can recognize revenue. Performance obligations fulfilled in a prior period We record revenue in the month production is delivered to the customer, based on estimated production, prices and revenue deductions. Any variances between our estimates and the actual amounts received are generally recorded one month after delivery for operated oil sales, two months after delivery for operated natural gas and NGL sales and three months after delivery for non-operated oil, natural gas and NGL sales. Disaggregation of revenue The new revenue standard requires that we disaggregate revenue recognized from contracts with customers into categories that depict how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Our statement of operations disaggregates revenue to reflect pricing realities present in our contracts with our customers. The terms of our natural gas sales contracts stipulate that the pricing we receive for our unprocessed natural gas will be based on the volumes of lower value natural gas and higher value NGLs present in the unprocessed natural gas we deliver. Fees assessed by our customers (that reduce revenue) are allocated between gas and NGLs on a volumetric basis. Contributions in aid of construction Certain of our contracts require us to make up-front payments to our customers to reimburse them for the cost of installing metering and custody transfer equipment or constructing pipelines from our wells to their facilities. These long-term assets are amortized over the period of the benefit and are presented as a reduction to natural gas and NGL revenue. Prior to the adoption of the new revenue standard, these assets were recorded to our “Oil and gas properties” line item on the balance sheet and depleted using the units of production method. As depicted below, we adjusted the balance sheet and accumulated earnings for the cumulative effect of this accounting change. The cumulative effect of the changes made to our consolidated January 1, 2018 balance sheet for the adoption of the new revenue standard is as follows (in thousands): At December 31, Adjustments for At January 1, 2017 ASC 606 2018 Assets: Oil and gas properties $ 2,999,728 $ (4,041 ) $ 2,995,687 Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization (368,245 ) 371 (367,874 ) Other non-current assets — 3,978 3,978 Liabilities: Deferred tax liabilities $ 71,470 $ 67 $ 71,537 Stockholders ’ Accumulated earnings (deficit) $ 25,773 $ 241 $ 26,014 Other topics Production Imbalances - We recognize revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and NGLs using the sales method of accounting, whereby revenue is recorded based on our share of volume sold, regardless of whether we have taken our proportional share of volume produced. These differences result in gas imbalances. We record a liability to the extent there are not sufficient reserves to cover an over delivered gas imbalance. No receivables are recorded for those wells on which the Company has taken less than its proportionate share of production. Contract assets - The new revenue standard requires certain disclosure around contract assets. Contract assets are rights to consideration in exchange for goods or services that the entity has transferred to a customer when that right is conditional on something other than the passage of time. We have an unconditional right to payment upon completion of our performance obligations and have therefore recorded no contract assets as of March 31, 2018. Unsatisfied performance obligations - We have no unsatisfied performance obligations under our contracts. The majority of our contracts do not have stated volumes and we consider our performance obligations to be satisfied upon transfer of control of the commodity. In our remaining contracts where we are obligated to deliver a stated volume, all volumes are delivered in the period and we do not have any unsatisfied performance obligations under those contracts at the end of a period. Other Income - During the period, we owned the Oakfield gathering system, substantial fresh water supply and storage, a saltwater disposal well and several compressors. Though the Oakfield gathering system, saltwater disposal well and compressors were sold to Tanos Energy Holdings III, LLC (“Tanos”) as part of the NLA Divestiture (see Note 3), these assets were used during the period in the operations of our wells. Non-operators who own a portion of our wells are billed for the use of these assets, utilizing rates based on industry-accepted joint interest accounting rules and market conditions. We report income from this source as “Other income” on our statement of operations in accordance with accounting guidance on collaborative arrangements. Operating expenses related to these activities are recorded to the “Other operating (income) expense” line item on the statement of operations. Prior to the adoption of the new revenue standard, income net of expenses from saltwater disposal wells and compressors were recorded within lease operating expense and income net of expenses for the Burleson water supply and storage assets were recorded within other income. In accordance with the new revenue standard requirements, the disclosure of the impact of adoption on our consolidated income statement, balance sheet and statement of cash flows was as follows (in thousands): For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 As Reported Under ASC 606 Without ASC 606 Adoption Increase/(Decrease) Revenues: Oil sales $ 182,379 $ 182,379 $ — Natural gas sales 27,630 28,435 (805 ) NGL sales 7,448 9,413 (1,965 ) Other Income 1,300 1,166 134 Operating expenses: Lease operating expenses 16,427 16,433 (6 ) Gathering, processing and transportation 1,352 4,103 (2,751 ) Depreciation, depletion and amortization 59,883 60,016 (133 ) Other operating (income) expense 658 518 140 Income (loss) before income taxes (153,867 ) (153,981 ) 114 Income tax benefit (expense) 38,093 38,120 (27 ) Net income (loss) (115,774 ) (115,861 ) 87 At March 31, 2018 As Reported Under ASC 606 Without ASC 606 Adoption Increase/(Decrease) Assets: Oil and gas properties $ 2,734,096 $ 2,738,580 $ (4,484 ) Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization (280,362 ) (280,866 ) 504 Other non-current assets 13,140 8,737 4,403 Liabilities: Deferred tax liabilities 33,412 33,319 93 Stockholders' Equity Accumulated earnings (deficit) (97,220 ) (97,548 ) 328 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 As Reported Under ASC 606 Without ASC 606 Adoption Increase/(Decrease) Cash flows from operating activities: Net income $ (115,774 ) $ (115,861 ) $ 87 Depreciation, depletion and amortization 59,670 59,803 (133 ) Deferred income tax expense (benefit) (38,125 ) (38,152 ) 27 Consideration paid to customers, net of amortization (424 ) — (424 ) Cash flows from investing activities: Additions to oil and gas properties (297,939 ) (298,382 ) 443 Other accounting standards that have been issued by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies are not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and footnote disclosures. |