General and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2024 were $4,193,000, an increase of $1,361,000, compared to the general and administrative expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2023 of $2,832,000. The increase in general and administrative expenses is primarily related to increased investor relations expenses of $1,304,000, which includes stock-based compensation charges of $156,000, and increased legal fees and shareholder expenses of $134,000 and $131,000, respectively, offset partially by decreased stock-based compensation expense of $253,000.
Interest Expense, net
Interest expense, net for the three months ended June 30, 2024 was $4,000, a decrease of $33,000 compared to the interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2023 of $37,000. Interest expense, net for the six months ended June 30, 2024 was $1,269,000, an increase of $509,000 compared to the interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2023 of $760,000.
The increase in interest expense, net for the six months ended June 30, 2024, was primarily due to the amortization of debt discounts associated with the January 2024 Promissory Note in the principal amount of $1,000,000 that the Company incurred in January 2024 and repaid in full in January 2024.
Change in Fair Value of Warrant Liability
Change in fair value of warrant liability for the three months ended June 30, 2024 was a loss of $37,255,000, compared to a gain of $246,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2023. The change in fair value of the warrant liability for the three months ended June 30, 2024 was due to the issuance of additional warrants to purchase 5,602,693 shares of common stock and the subsequent valuing of such warrants. The additional warrants were issued as a result of provision in certain of the warrant agreements that was triggered following the Company’s reverse stock split that occurred in April 2024.
Change in fair value of warrant liability for the six months ended June 30, 2024 was a loss of $29,126,000 compared to a gain of $5,850,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The change in fair value of the warrant liability for the six months ended June 30, 2024 was due to the issuance of additional warrants to purchase 5,602,693 shares of common stock and the subsequent valuing of such warrants. The additional warrants were issued as a result of provision in certain of the warrant agreements that was triggered following the Company’s reverse stock split that occurred in April 2024.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash and cash equivalents as of June 30, 2024 were $6,113,000 compared to $411,000, as of December 31, 2023.
We recorded a net loss of $39,958,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and used net cash in operating activities of $9,045,000. We incurred a net loss of $6,247,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and used net cash in operating activities of $9,126,000. Excluding non-cash adjustments, the primary reasons for the increase in the use of net cash from operating activities during the six months ended June 30, 2024, was related to an increase in prepaid expenses and decrease in accounts payable, partially offset by a decrease in inventories.
We have financed our operations to date primarily through the issuance of equity securities, proceeds from the exercise of warrants to purchase common stock and sale of debt instruments. In January 2024, we received gross proceeds of $600,000 from the issuance of promissory notes and common stock purchase warrants to certain accredited investors. In February 2024, we received gross proceeds of approximately $10.0 million from the public offering of 1,025,600 units, with each unit consisting of one share of common stock (or pre-funded warrant in lieu thereof) and one warrant, each to purchase one (1) share of common stock. In March 2024 we received net proceeds of approximately $2.3 million from the issuance of 417,833 shares of common stock, 93,342 pre-funded common stock warrants and the issuance of 511,175 warrants to purchase common stock. On April 19, 2024, we received net proceeds of approximately $591,000 from the issuance of 225,834 shares of common stock and the issuance of 225,834 warrants to purchase common stock. On April 23, 2024, we received net proceeds of approximately $1.6 million from the issuance of 361,904 shares of common stock and the issuance of 542,856 warrants to purchase common stock. On April 30, 2024, we received net proceeds of approximately $2.1 million from the issuance of 418,845 shares of common stock and the issuance of 418,845 warrants to purchase common stock. On May 15, 2024, we received net proceeds of approximately $2.3 million from the issuance of 785,000 shares of common stock and the issuance of 785,000 warrants to purchase common stock. On May 17, 2024, we received net proceeds of approximately $2.1 million from the issuance of 675,000 shares of common stock and the issuance of 675,000 warrants to purchase common stock. We will need to raise additional proceeds via the issuance of equity securities and/or the sale of debt instruments in the fourth quarter of 2024 to fund operations for fiscal year 2025.