LOANS | LOANS Portfolio Segments and Classes The composition of loans, excluding loans held for sale, is summarized as follows: September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Amount % of Amount % of (in thousands, except percentages) Real estate mortgages: Construction and development $ 222,159 14.5% $ 174,480 13.9% Residential 164,296 10.7% 147,490 11.8% Commercial 889,942 58.2% 716,541 57.1% Commercial and industrial 243,577 15.9% 206,897 16.5% Consumer and other 10,155 0.7% 8,709 0.7% Gross Loans 1,530,129 100.0% 1,254,117 100.0% Deferred loan fees (5,139) (3,817) Allowance for loan losses (18,423) (14,844) Loans, net $ 1,506,567 $ 1,235,456 For purposes of the disclosures required pursuant to ASC 310, the loan portfolio was disaggregated into segments and then further disaggregated into classes for certain disclosures. A portfolio segment is defined as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic method for determining its allowance for credit losses. There are three loan portfolio segments that include real estate, commercial and industrial, and consumer and other. A class is generally determined based on the initial measurement attribute, risk characteristic of the loan, and an entity’s method for monitoring and assessing credit risk. Commercial and industrial is a separate commercial loan class. Classes within the real estate portfolio segment include construction and development, residential mortgages, and commercial mortgages. Consumer loans and other are a class in itself. In light of the U.S. and global economic crisis brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company has prioritized assisting its clients through this troubled time. The CARES Act provides for Paycheck Protection Plan (PPP) loans to be made by banks to employers with less than 500 employees if they continue to employ their existing workers. As of September 30, 2022, the Company does not have any loans outstanding under the PPP program. PPP loan origination fees recorded as an adjustment to loan yield for the three and nine months ended were $0 and $298, respectively. These PPP loans are included within the commercial and industrial loan category in the table above. The following describe risk characteristics relevant to each of the portfolio segments and classes: Real estate - As discussed below, the Company offers various types of real estate loan products. All loans within this portfolio segment are particularly sensitive to the valuation of real estate: • Loans for real estate construction and development are repaid through cash flow related to the operations, sale or refinance of the underlying property. This portfolio class includes extensions of credit to real estate developers or investors where repayment is dependent on the sale of the real estate or income generated from the real estate collateral. • Residential mortgages include 1-4 family first mortgage loans which are repaid by various means such as a borrower’s income, sale of the property, or rental income derived from the property. Also included in residential mortgages are real estate loans secured by farmland, second liens, or open end real estate loans, such as home equity lines. These loans are typically repaid in the same means as 1-4 family first mortgages. Portfolio Segments and Classes (Continued) • Commercial real estate mortgage loans include both owner-occupied commercial real estate loans and other commercial real estate loans such as commercial loans secured by income producing properties. Owner-occupied commercial real estate loans made to operating businesses are long-term financing of land and buildings and are repaid by cash flows generated from business operations. Real estate loans for income-producing properties such as apartment buildings, hotels, office and industrial buildings, and retail shopping centers are repaid by cash flows from rent income derived from the properties. Commercial and industrial - The commercial loan portfolio segment includes commercial and industrial loans. These loans include those loans to commercial customers for use in normal business operations to finance working capital needs, equipment purchases, leases, or expansion projects. Loans are repaid by business cash flows. Collection risk in this portfolio is driven by the creditworthiness of the underlying borrower, particularly cash flows from the borrowers’ business operations. Consumer and other - The consumer loan portfolio segment includes direct consumer installment loans, overdrafts and other revolving credit loans. Loans in this portfolio are sensitive to unemployment and other key consumer economic measures which affects borrowers’ incomes and cash for repayment. Credit Risk Management The Chief Credit Officer, Officers Loan Committee and Directors Loan Committee are each involved in the credit risk management process and assess the accuracy of risk ratings, the quality of the portfolio and the estimation of inherent credit losses in the loan portfolio. This comprehensive process also assists in the prompt identification of problem credits. The Company has taken a number of measures to manage the portfolios and reduce risk, particularly in the more problematic portfolios. The Company employs a credit risk management process with defined policies, accountability and routine reporting to manage credit risk in the loan portfolio segments. Credit risk management is guided by a comprehensive Loan Policy that provides for a consistent and prudent approach to underwriting and approvals of credits. Within the Board approved Loan Policy, procedures exist that elevate the approval requirements as credits become larger and more complex. All loans are individually underwritten, risk-rated, approved, and monitored. Responsibility and accountability for adherence to underwriting policies and accurate risk ratings lies in each portfolio segment. For the consumer portfolio segment, the risk management process focuses on managing customers who become delinquent in their payments. For the commercial and real estate portfolio segments, the risk management process focuses on underwriting new business and, on an ongoing basis, monitoring the credit of the portfolios. To ensure problem credits are identified on a timely basis, several specific portfolio reviews occur each year to assess the larger adversely rated credits for proper risk rating and accrual status. Credit quality and trends in the loan portfolio segments are measured and monitored regularly. Detailed reports, by product, collateral, accrual status, etc., are reviewed by the Chief Credit Officer and reported to the Board of Directors. A description of the general characteristics of the risk categories used by the Company is as follows: • Pass - A pass loan is a strong credit with no existing or known potential weaknesses deserving of management’s close attention. • Special Mention - A loan that has potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or in the institution's credit position at some future date. These loans are not adversely classified and do not expose an institution to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Credit Risk Management (Continued) • Substandard - Substandard loans are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. • Doubtful - Loans classified Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently known facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. • Loss - Loans classified Loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this basically worthless asset even though partial recovery may be effected in the future. The following tables summarize the risk category of the Company’s loan portfolio based upon the most recent analysis performed as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021: Pass Special Substandard Doubtful Total (dollars in thousands) As of September 30, 2022 Real estate mortgages: Construction and development $ 220,633 $ 1,526 $ — $ — $ 222,159 Residential 159,397 4,195 704 — 164,296 Commercial 871,316 13,743 4,883 — 889,942 Commercial and industrial 234,748 8,428 401 — 243,577 Consumer and other 10,110 37 8 — 10,155 Total $ 1,496,204 $ 27,929 $ 5,996 $ — $ 1,530,129 As of December 31, 2021 Real estate mortgages: Construction and development $ 168,751 $ 388 $ 5,341 $ — $ 174,480 Residential 142,782 3,554 1,154 — 147,490 Commercial 691,863 16,371 8,307 — 716,541 Commercial and industrial 203,630 2,960 73 234 206,897 Consumer and other 8,682 21 6 — 8,709 Total $ 1,215,708 $ 23,294 $ 14,881 $ 234 $ 1,254,117 Past Due Loans A loan is considered past due if any required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were required to be made under the terms of the loan agreement. Generally, management places a loan on nonaccrual when there is a clear indication that the borrower’s cash flow may not be sufficient to meet payments as they become due, which is generally when a loan is 90 days past due. The following tables present the aging of the recorded investment in loans and leases as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021: Past Due Status (Accruing Loans) Current 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90+ Days Total Past Due Nonaccrual Total As of September 30, 2022 Real estate mortgages: Construction and development $ 221,952 $ 137 $ — $ — $ 137 $ 70 $ 222,159 Residential 163,262 391 93 — 484 550 164,296 Commercial 885,792 1,262 — — 1,262 2,888 889,942 Commercial and industrial 243,072 71 — — 71 434 243,577 Consumer and other 10,131 — 16 — 16 8 10,155 Total $ 1,524,209 $ 1,861 $ 109 $ — $ 1,970 $ 3,950 $ 1,530,129 As of December 31, 2021 Real estate mortgages: Construction and development $ 173,027 $ 62 $ 746 $ 299 $ 1,107 $ 346 $ 174,480 Residential 146,871 129 128 195 452 167 147,490 Commercial 714,092 1,775 — — 1,775 674 716,541 Commercial and industrial 206,027 99 486 — 585 285 206,897 Consumer and other 8,673 30 — — 30 6 8,709 Total $ 1,248,690 $ 2,095 $ 1,360 $ 494 $ 3,949 $ 1,478 $ 1,254,117 Allowance for Loans Losses The following tables detail activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment as of September 30, 2022 and September 30, 2021. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories. Real Estate Commercial Consumer Total Allowance for loan losses: Balance at December 31, 2021 $ 11,554 $ 3,166 $ 124 $ 14,844 Provision (credit) for loan losses 1,337 2,371 (41) 3,667 Loans charged off (73) (269) (8) (350) Recoveries of loans previously charged off 46 204 12 262 Ending balance at September 30, 2022 $ 12,864 $ 5,472 $ 87 $ 18,423 Ending balance - individually evaluated for impairment $ 489 $ 331 $ — $ 820 Ending balance - collectively evaluated for impairment 12,335 5,141 87 17,563 Ending balance - loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 40 — — 40 Total ending balance at September 30, 2022 $ 12,864 $ 5,472 $ 87 $ 18,423 Loans: Ending balance - individually evaluated for impairment $ 5,963 $ 888 $ 22 $ 6,873 Ending balance - collectively evaluated for impairment 1,269,261 242,689 10,133 1,522,083 Ending balance - loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 1,173 — — 1,173 Total ending balance at September 30, 2022 $ 1,276,397 $ 243,577 $ 10,155 $ 1,530,129 Allowance for Loans Losses (Continued) Real Estate Commercial Consumer Total Allowance for loan losses: Balance at December 31, 2020 $ 8,057 $ 3,609 $ 193 $ 11,859 Provision (credit) for loan losses 2,761 (442) (69) 2,250 Loans charged off (44) — (2) (46) Recoveries of loans previously charged off 12 14 8 34 Ending balance at September 30, 2021 $ 10,786 $ 3,181 $ 130 $ 14,097 Ending balance - individually evaluated for impairment $ 288 $ 307 $ 4 $ 599 Ending balance - collectively evaluated for impairment 10,421 2,874 126 13,421 Ending balance - loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 77 — — 77 Total ending balance at September 30, 2021 $ 10,786 $ 3,181 $ 130 $ 14,097 Loans: Ending balance - individually evaluated for impairment $ 16,105 $ 332 $ 30 $ 16,467 Ending balance - collectively evaluated for impairment 924,406 198,218 8,949 1,131,573 Ending balance - loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 1,300 — — 1,300 Total ending balance at September 30, 2021 $ 941,811 $ 198,550 $ 8,979 $ 1,149,340 Impaired Loans A loan held for investment is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due (both principal and interest) according to the terms of the loan agreement. The following tables detail our impaired loans, by portfolio class as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Recorded Unpaid Related Average September 30, 2022 With no related allowance recorded: Real estate mortgages: Construction and development $ 387 $ 387 $ — $ 403 Residential 1,149 1,149 — 1,178 Commercial 4,129 4,129 — 4,180 Commercial and industrial 527 527 — 517 Consumer and other 22 22 — 18 Total with no related allowance recorded 6,214 6,214 — 6,296 With an allowance recorded: Real estate mortgages: Construction and development 94 94 41 96 Residential 235 306 71 240 Commercial 1,142 1,142 417 515 Commercial and industrial 361 361 331 271 Consumer and other — — — — Total with an allowance recorded 1,832 1,903 860 1,122 Total impaired loans $ 8,046 $ 8,117 $ 860 $ 7,418 Impaired Loans (Continued) Recorded Unpaid Related Average December 31, 2021 With no related allowance recorded: Real estate mortgages: Construction and development $ 5,258 $ 5,258 $ — $ 5,261 Residential 1,081 1,081 — 1,090 Commercial 7,992 7,992 — 7,993 Commercial and industrial 22 22 — 25 Consumer and other 15 15 — 16 Total with no related allowance recorded 14,368 14,368 — 14,385 With an allowance recorded: Real estate mortgages: Construction and development 370 370 148 370 Residential 633 704 125 636 Commercial 680 680 136 682 Commercial and industrial 285 285 292 289 Consumer and other 11 11 3 11 Total with an allowance recorded 1,979 2,050 704 1,988 Total impaired loans $ 16,347 $ 16,418 $ 704 $ 16,373 Impaired Loans (Continued) A loan held for investment is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due (both principal and interest) according to the terms of the loan agreement. The following tables detail our interest income recognized on impaired loans, by portfolio class in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. Recorded Average Interest Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 With no related allowance recorded: Real estate mortgages: Construction and development $ 387 $ 403 $ 14 Residential 1,149 1,178 45 Commercial 4,129 4,180 208 Commercial and industrial 527 517 22 Consumer and other 22 18 1 Total with no related allowance recorded 6,214 6,296 290 With an allowance recorded: Real estate mortgages: Construction and development 94 96 4 Residential 235 240 8 Commercial 1,142 515 24 Commercial and industrial 361 271 17 Consumer and other — — — Total with an allowance recorded 1,832 1,122 53 Total impaired loans $ 8,046 $ 7,418 $ 343 Impaired Loans (Continued) Recorded Average Interest Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 With no related allowance recorded: Real estate mortgages: Construction and development $ 5,049 $ 5,063 $ 113 Residential 1,236 1,694 59 Commercial 8,987 8,328 242 Commercial and industrial 32 45 2 Consumer and other 18 22 1 Total with no related allowance recorded 15,322 15,152 417 With an allowance recorded: Real estate mortgages: Construction and development 1,376 1,382 14 Residential 478 490 12 Commercial 279 280 7 Commercial and industrial 300 319 11 Consumer and other 12 13 — Total with an allowance recorded 2,445 2,484 44 Total impaired loans $ 17,767 $ 17,636 $ 461 |