Segment Information | 16. We review operating and financial data for each property on an individual basis; therefore, each of our individual properties is a separate operating segment. We define our reportable segments to be aligned with our method of internal reporting and the way our Chief Executive Officer, who is also our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"), makes key operating decisions, evaluates financial results, allocates resources and manages our business. Accordingly, we aggregate our operating segments into three reportable segments (multifamily, commercial, and third-party asset management and real estate services) based on the economic characteristics and nature of our assets and services. The CODM measures and evaluates the performance of our operating segments, with the exception of the third-party asset management and real estate services business, based on the net operating income ("NOI") of properties within each segment. NOI includes property rental revenue and parking revenue, and deducts property operating expenses and real estate taxes. With respect to the third-party asset management and real estate services business, the CODM reviews revenue streams generated by this segment ("Third-party real estate services, including reimbursements"), as well as the expenses attributable to the segment ("General and administrative: third-party real estate services"), which are both disclosed separately in our statements of operations. The following represents the components of revenue from our third-party asset management and real estate services business: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 2022 X 2023 2022 (In thousands) Property management fees $ 5,017 $ 4,976 $ 9,969 $ 9,784 Asset management fees 1,255 1,513 2,358 3,284 Development fees 2,756 2,148 4,742 5,687 Leasing fees 1,256 1,038 2,612 2,877 Construction management fees 303 37 643 187 Other service revenue 1,422 1,499 2,646 2,315 Third-party real estate services revenue, excluding reimbursements 12,009 11,211 22,970 24,134 Reimbursement revenue (1) 10,853 10,946 22,676 21,993 Third-party real estate services revenue, including reimbursements 22,862 22,157 45,646 46,127 Third-party real estate services expenses 22,105 24,143 45,928 51,192 Third-party real estate services revenue less expenses $ 757 $ (1,986) $ (282) $ (5,065) (1) Represents reimbursement of expenses incurred by us on behalf of third parties, including allocated payroll costs and amounts paid to third-party contractors for construction management projects. Management company assets primarily consist of management and leasing contracts with a net book value of $10.9 million and $13.7 million as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, which were included in "Intangible assets, net" in our balance sheets. Consistent with internal reporting presented to our CODM and our definition of NOI, the third-party asset management and real estate services operating results are excluded from the NOI data below. The following is the reconciliation of net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders to consolidated NOI: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 2022 X 2023 2022 (in thousands) Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders $ (10,545) $ 123,275 $ 10,626 $ 123,243 Add: Depreciation and amortization expense 49,218 49,479 102,649 107,541 General and administrative expense: Corporate and other 15,093 14,782 31,216 30,597 Third-party real estate services 22,105 24,143 45,928 51,192 Share-based compensation related to Formation Transaction and special equity awards — 1,577 351 3,821 Transaction and other costs 3,492 1,987 5,964 2,886 Interest expense 25,835 16,041 52,677 32,319 Loss on the extinguishment of debt 450 1,038 450 1,629 Income tax expense 611 2,905 595 2,434 Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests (1,398) 18,248 1,965 18,258 Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests (311) (29) (535) (84) Less: Third-party real estate services, including reimbursements revenue 22,862 22,157 45,646 46,127 Other revenue 3,846 1,798 5,572 3,994 Income (loss) from unconsolidated real estate ventures, net 510 (2,107) 943 1,038 Interest and other income, net 2,281 1,672 6,358 15,918 Gain on the sale of real estate, net — 158,767 40,700 158,631 Consolidated NOI $ 75,051 $ 71,159 $ 152,667 $ 148,128 The following is a summary of NOI by segment. Items classified in the Other column include development assets, corporate entities, land assets for which we are the ground lessor and the elimination of inter-segment activity. Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 Commercial Multifamily Other Total (In thousands) Property rental revenue $ 64,321 $ 52,443 $ 3,828 $ 120,592 Parking revenue 4,426 295 74 4,795 Total property revenue 68,747 52,738 3,902 125,387 Property expense: Property operating 18,252 18,394 (734) 35,912 Real estate taxes 8,195 5,648 581 14,424 Total property expense 26,447 24,042 (153) 50,336 Consolidated NOI $ 42,300 $ 28,696 $ 4,055 $ 75,051 Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Commercial Multifamily Other Total (In thousands) Property rental revenue $ 71,903 $ 42,939 $ 2,194 $ 117,036 Parking revenue 4,187 250 77 4,514 Total property revenue 76,090 43,189 2,271 121,550 Property expense: Property operating 19,624 14,870 951 35,445 Real estate taxes 9,018 5,054 874 14,946 Total property expense 28,642 19,924 1,825 50,391 Consolidated NOI $ 47,448 $ 23,265 $ 446 $ 71,159 Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 Commercial Multifamily Other Total (In thousands) Property rental revenue $ 136,238 $ 102,353 $ 6,034 $ 244,625 Parking revenue 8,564 519 131 9,214 Total property revenue 144,802 102,872 6,165 253,839 Property expense: Property operating 37,623 35,849 (1,948) 71,524 Real estate taxes 17,196 11,256 1,196 29,648 Total property expense 54,819 47,105 (752) 101,172 Consolidated NOI $ 89,983 $ 55,767 $ 6,917 $ 152,667 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Commercial Multifamily Other Total (In thousands) Property rental revenue $ 159,524 $ 85,047 $ 4,063 $ 248,634 Parking revenue 8,199 384 132 8,715 Total property revenue 167,723 85,431 4,195 257,349 Property expense: Property operating 45,826 28,625 1,638 76,089 Real estate taxes 20,795 10,275 2,062 33,132 Total property expense 66,621 38,900 3,700 109,221 Consolidated NOI $ 101,102 $ 46,531 $ 495 $ 148,128 The following is a summary of certain balance sheet data by segment: Commercial Multifamily Other Total (In thousands) June 30, 2023 Real estate, at cost $ 2,585,492 $ 3,126,375 $ 425,793 $ 6,137,660 Investments in unconsolidated real estate ventures 224,620 — 84,599 309,219 Total assets 2,787,056 2,508,503 488,043 5,783,602 December 31, 2022 Real estate, at cost $ 2,754,832 $ 2,986,907 $ 416,343 $ 6,158,082 Investments in unconsolidated real estate ventures 218,723 304 80,854 299,881 Total assets 2,829,576 2,483,902 589,960 5,903,438 |