Segment Information | 16. We review operating and financial data for each property on an individual basis; therefore, each of our individual properties is a separate operating segment. We define our reportable segments to be aligned with our method of internal reporting and the way our Chief Executive Officer, who is also our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"), makes key operating decisions, evaluates financial results, allocates resources and manages our business. Accordingly, we aggregate our operating segments into three reportable segments (multifamily, commercial, and third-party asset management and real estate services) based on the economic characteristics and nature of our assets and services. The CODM measures and evaluates the performance of our operating segments, with the exception of the third-party asset management and real estate services business, based on the net operating income ("NOI") of properties within each segment. NOI includes property rental revenue and parking revenue, and deducts property operating expenses and real estate taxes. With respect to the third-party asset management and real estate services business, the CODM reviews revenue streams generated by this segment ("Third-party real estate services, including reimbursements"), as well as the expenses attributable to the segment ("General and administrative: third-party real estate services"), which are both disclosed separately in our statements of operations. The following represents the components of revenue from our third-party asset management and real estate services business: Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 2022 X 2023 2022 (In thousands) Property management fees $ 4,910 $ 4,791 $ 14,879 $ 14,575 Asset management fees 1,155 1,479 3,513 4,763 Development fees 4,296 1,426 9,038 7,113 Leasing fees 1,036 1,713 3,648 4,590 Construction management fees 266 169 909 356 Other service revenue 1,399 1,909 4,045 4,224 Third-party real estate services revenue, excluding reimbursements 13,062 11,487 36,032 35,621 Reimbursement revenue (1) 10,880 10,358 33,556 32,351 Third-party real estate services revenue, including reimbursements 23,942 21,845 69,588 67,972 Third-party real estate services expenses 21,405 21,230 67,333 72,422 Third-party real estate services revenue less expenses $ 2,537 $ 615 $ 2,255 $ (4,450) (1) Represents reimbursement of expenses incurred by us on behalf of third parties, including allocated payroll costs and amounts paid to third-party contractors for construction management projects. Management company assets primarily consist of management and leasing contracts with a net book value of $9.5 million and $13.7 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, which were included in "Intangible assets, net" in our balance sheets. Consistent with internal reporting presented to our CODM and our definition of NOI, the third-party asset management and real estate services operating results are excluded from the NOI data below. The following is the reconciliation of net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders to consolidated NOI: Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 2022 X 2023 2022 (in thousands) Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders $ (58,007) $ (19,293) $ (47,381) $ 103,950 Add: Depreciation and amortization expense 50,265 50,056 152,914 157,597 General and administrative expense: Corporate and other 11,246 12,072 42,462 42,669 Third-party real estate services 21,405 21,230 67,333 72,422 Share-based compensation related to Formation Transaction and special equity awards 46 548 397 4,369 Transaction and other costs 1,830 1,746 7,794 4,632 Interest expense 27,903 17,932 80,580 50,251 Loss on the extinguishment of debt — 1,444 450 3,073 Impairment loss 59,307 — 59,307 — Income tax expense 77 166 672 2,600 Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests (7,926) (2,546) (5,961) 15,712 Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests (168) 258 (703) 174 Less: Third-party real estate services, including reimbursements revenue 23,942 21,845 69,588 67,972 Other revenue 2,704 1,764 8,276 5,758 Loss from unconsolidated real estate ventures, net (2,263) (13,867) (1,320) (12,829) Interest and other income, net 7,774 984 14,132 16,902 Gain on the sale of real estate, net 906 — 41,606 158,631 Consolidated NOI $ 72,915 $ 72,887 $ 225,582 $ 221,015 The following is a summary of NOI by segment. Items classified in the Other column include development assets, corporate entities, land assets for which we are the ground lessor and the elimination of inter-segment activity. Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Commercial Multifamily Other Total (In thousands) Property rental revenue $ 63,940 $ 52,461 $ 3,893 $ 120,294 Parking revenue 4,310 248 64 4,622 Total property revenue 68,250 52,709 3,957 124,916 Property expense: Property operating 18,866 19,379 (657) 37,588 Real estate taxes 8,210 5,581 622 14,413 Total property expense 27,076 24,960 (35) 52,001 Consolidated NOI $ 41,174 $ 27,749 $ 3,992 $ 72,915 Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 Commercial Multifamily Other Total (In thousands) Property rental revenue $ 71,257 $ 45,639 $ 2,915 $ 119,811 Parking revenue 3,859 248 87 4,194 Total property revenue 75,116 45,887 3,002 124,005 Property expense: Property operating 20,151 16,108 121 36,380 Real estate taxes 8,603 5,311 824 14,738 Total property expense 28,754 21,419 945 51,118 Consolidated NOI $ 46,362 $ 24,468 $ 2,057 $ 72,887 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Commercial Multifamily Other Total (In thousands) Property rental revenue $ 200,178 $ 154,814 $ 9,927 $ 364,919 Parking revenue 12,874 767 195 13,836 Total property revenue 213,052 155,581 10,122 378,755 Property expense: Property operating 56,489 55,228 (2,605) 109,112 Real estate taxes 25,406 16,837 1,818 44,061 Total property expense 81,895 72,065 (787) 153,173 Consolidated NOI $ 131,157 $ 83,516 $ 10,909 $ 225,582 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 Commercial Multifamily Other Total (In thousands) Property rental revenue $ 230,781 $ 130,686 $ 6,978 $ 368,445 Parking revenue 12,058 632 219 12,909 Total property revenue 242,839 131,318 7,197 381,354 Property expense: Property operating 65,977 44,733 1,759 112,469 Real estate taxes 29,398 15,586 2,886 47,870 Total property expense 95,375 60,319 4,645 160,339 Consolidated NOI $ 147,464 $ 70,999 $ 2,552 $ 221,015 The following is a summary of certain balance sheet data by segment: Commercial Multifamily Other Total (In thousands) September 30, 2023 Real estate, at cost $ 2,492,590 $ 3,087,068 $ 375,373 $ 5,955,031 Investments in unconsolidated real estate ventures 210,619 — 85,778 296,397 Total assets 2,729,353 2,524,199 412,616 5,666,168 December 31, 2022 Real estate, at cost $ 2,754,832 $ 2,986,907 $ 416,343 $ 6,158,082 Investments in unconsolidated real estate ventures 218,723 304 80,854 299,881 Total assets 2,829,576 2,483,902 589,960 5,903,438 |