Segment Information | 16. We review operating and financial data for each property on an individual basis; therefore, each of our individual properties is a separate operating segment. We define our reportable segments to be aligned with our method of internal reporting and the way our Chief Executive Officer, who is also our CODM makes key operating decisions, evaluates financial results, allocates resources and manages our business. Accordingly, we aggregate our operating segments into three reportable segments (multifamily, commercial, and third-party asset management and real estate services) based on the economic characteristics and nature of our assets and services. The CODM measures and evaluates the performance of our operating segments, with the exception of the third-party asset management and real estate services business, based on the net operating income ("NOI") of properties within each segment. NOI includes property rental revenue and parking revenue, and deducts property operating expenses and real estate taxes. With respect to the third-party asset management and real estate services business, the CODM reviews revenue streams generated by this segment ("Third-party real estate services, including reimbursements"), as well as the expenses attributable to the segment ("General and administrative: third-party real estate services"), which are both disclosed separately in our statements of operations. The following represents the components of revenue from our third-party asset management and real estate services business: Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 2023 (In thousands) Property management fees $ 4,271 $ 4,952 Asset management fees 924 1,103 Development fees 238 1,986 Leasing fees 1,135 1,356 Construction management fees 383 340 Other service revenue 1,054 1,224 Third-party real estate services revenue, excluding reimbursements 8,005 10,961 Reimbursement revenue (1) 9,863 11,823 Third-party real estate services revenue, including reimbursements 17,868 22,784 Third-party real estate services expenses 22,327 23,823 Third-party real estate services revenue less expenses $ (4,459) $ (1,039) (1) Represents reimbursement of expenses incurred by us on behalf of third parties, including allocated payroll costs and amounts paid to third-party contractors for construction management projects. Management company assets primarily consist of management and leasing contracts with a net book value of $6.7 million and $8.1 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, which were included in "Intangible assets, net" in our balance sheets. Consistent with internal reporting presented to our CODM and our definition of NOI, the third-party asset management and real estate services operating results are excluded from the NOI data below. The following is the reconciliation of net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders to consolidated NOI: c Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 2023 (In thousands) Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders $ (32,276) $ 21,171 Add: Depreciation and amortization expense 56,855 53,431 General and administrative expense: Corporate and other 14,973 16,123 Third-party real estate services 22,327 23,823 Share-based compensation related to Formation Transaction and special equity awards — 351 Transaction and other costs 1,514 2,472 Interest expense 30,160 26,842 Impairment loss 17,211 — Income tax benefit (1,468) (16) Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests (4,534) 3,363 Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests (5,380) (224) Less: Third-party real estate services, including reimbursements revenue 17,868 22,784 Other revenue 11,263 1,726 Income from unconsolidated real estate ventures, net 975 433 Interest and other income, net 2,100 4,077 Gain on the sale of real estate, net 197 40,700 Consolidated NOI $ 66,979 $ 77,616 The following is a summary of NOI and certain balance sheet data by segment. Items classified in the Other column include development assets, corporate entities, land assets for which we are the ground lessor and the elimination of inter-segment activity. Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Multifamily Commercial Other Total (In thousands) Property rental revenue (1) $ 51,446 $ 57,579 $ 3,279 $ 112,304 Parking revenue 181 3,600 (32) 3,749 Total property revenue 51,627 61,179 3,247 116,053 Property expense: Property operating 17,406 17,077 796 35,279 Real estate taxes 5,957 7,401 437 13,795 Total property expense 23,363 24,478 1,233 49,074 Consolidated NOI $ 28,264 $ 36,701 $ 2,014 $ 66,979 Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Multifamily Commercial Other Total (In thousands) Property rental revenue $ 49,910 $ 71,917 $ 2,206 $ 124,033 Parking revenue 224 4,138 57 4,419 Total property revenue 50,134 76,055 2,263 128,452 Property expense: Property operating 17,455 19,371 (1,214) 35,612 Real estate taxes 5,608 9,001 615 15,224 Total property expense 23,063 28,372 (599) 50,836 Consolidated NOI $ 27,071 $ 47,683 $ 2,862 $ 77,616 Multifamily Commercial Other Total (In thousands) March 31, 2024 Real estate, at cost $ 3,178,316 $ 2,325,479 $ 395,303 $ 5,899,098 Investments in unconsolidated real estate ventures — 12,436 92,346 104,782 Total assets 2,572,311 2,529,171 303,868 5,405,350 December 31, 2023 Real estate, at cost $ 3,154,116 $ 2,357,713 $ 363,333 $ 5,875,162 Investments in unconsolidated real estate ventures — 176,786 87,495 264,281 Total assets 2,559,395 2,683,947 275,173 5,518,515 (1) Property rental revenue excludes $10.3 million of lease termination revenue. |