Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Use of Estimates The Company prepares its financial statements in conformity with GAAP, which requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making estimates, actual results could differ from those estimates. Concentrations of Credit Risk and Major Customers The Company’s principal line of business is mining and marketing met coal to foreign steel producers. For the year ended December 31, 2018 , approximately 97.4% of sales were derived from coal shipments to customers, located primarily in Europe, South America and Asia. At December 31, 2018 approximately 95.6% of trade receivables related to these customers. For the year ended December 31, 2018 , our geographic customer mix was 55% in Europe, 31% in South America and 14% in Asia. The Company also generates ancillary revenues from the sale of natural gas extracted as a byproduct from the underground coal mines and royalty revenues from leased properties. During the year ended December 31, 2018 Xcoal Energy & Resources, Exiros BV Sucursal Uruguay and Huettenwerke Krupp Mannesmann GmbH accounted for $203.6 million , or 15.1% , $148.5 million , or 11.0% , and $141.3 million , or 10.5% of total revenues, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2017 , Xcoal Energy & Resources and Salzgitter Flachstahl GmBH accounted for $181.9 million , or 16.1% , and $112.8 million , or 10% , of total revenues, respectively. During the nine months ended December 31, 2016, Salzgitter Flachstahl GmBH, Voestelpine and Huettenwerke Krupp Mannesmann GmBH accounted for $43.1 million , or 15.6% , $35.3 million , or 12.7% , and $34.0 million , or 12.3% of total revenues, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, Xcoal Energy & Resources and Voestelpine accounted for $10.7 million , or 16.4% and $8.3 million, or 12.8% of total revenues, respectively. Credit is extended based on an evaluation of the individual customer’s financial condition. In some instances, the Company requires letters of credit, cash collateral or prepayments from its customers on or before shipment to mitigate the risk of loss. These efforts have consistently resulted in minimal historical credit losses. Revenue Recognition The Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”, as of January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective approach. The Company applied the standard to all customer contracts entered into as of the date of initial application. The Company concluded that the adoption did not change the timing at which the Company historically recognized revenue nor did it have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. For periods prior to January 1, 2018, revenue was recognized when the following criteria had been met: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement existed; (ii) the price to the buyer was fixed or determinable; (iii) delivery had occurred; and (iv) collectability was reasonably assured. Delivery is considered to have occurred at the time title and risk of loss transfers to the customer. For coal shipments to domestic customers via rail, delivery occurs when the railcar is loaded. For coal shipments to international customers via ocean vessel, delivery occurs when the vessel is loaded at the Port of Mobile, Alabama. For natural gas sales, delivery occurs when the gas has been transferred to the pipeline. For periods subsequent to January 1, 2018, revenue is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of a contract with our customers are satisfied; for all contracts this occurs when control of the promised goods have been transferred to our customers. For coal shipments to domestic customers via rail, control is transferred when the railcar is loaded. For coal shipments to international customers via ocean vessel, control is transferred when the vessel is loaded at the Port of Mobile, Alabama. For natural gas sales, control is transferred when the gas has been transferred to the pipeline. Revenue is disaggregated between coal sales within the Company's mining segment and natural gas sales included in all other revenues, as disclosed in Note 23. Our coal and gas sales generally include up to 45-day payment terms following the transfer of control of the goods to the customer. We typically do not include extended payment terms in our contracts with customers. Shipping and Handling Costs incurred to transport coal to the point of sale at the Port of Mobile, Alabama, are included in cost of sales and the gross amounts billed to customers, if any, to cover shipping and handling to the ultimate/final destination are included in sales. Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the Balance Sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands): Successor December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Cash and cash equivalents $ 205,577 $ 35,470 Restricted cash included in other long-term assets 828 794 Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash included in the Statements of Cash Flows $ 206,405 $ 36,264 Cash and cash equivalents include short-term deposits and highly liquid investments that have original maturities of three months or less when purchased and are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. As of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , restricted cash included in other long-term assets in the Balance Sheet represents amounts invested in certificate of deposits as financial assurance for post mining reclamation obligations. Short-Term Investments Instruments with maturities greater than three months, but less than twelve months, are included in short-term investments. The Company purchases United States Treasury bills with maturities ranging from six to twelve months which are classified as held to maturity and are carried at amortized cost, which approximates fair value. Securities classified as held to maturity securities are those securities that management has the intent and ability to hold to maturity. As of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , the Company’s short-term investments consisted of $17.5 million in Treasury bills with a maturity of six months . These Treasury bills were posted as collateral for the self-insured black lung related claims asserted by or on behalf of former employees of Walter Energy and its subsidiaries, which were assumed in the Asset Acquisition and relate to periods prior to March 31, 2016. Inventories Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Coal inventory costs include labor, supplies, equipment costs, operating overhead, freight, royalties, depreciation and depletion and other related costs. Coal inventories are valued using the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) inventory valuation method. The valuation of coal inventories is subject to estimates due to possible gains and losses resulting from inventory movements from the mine site to storage facilities, inherent inaccuracies in belt scales and aerial surveys used to measure quantities and fluctuations in moisture content. Periodic adjustments to coal tonnages on hand are made for an estimate of coal shortages and overages due to these inherent gains and losses, primarily based on historical results from aerial surveys and periodic coal pile clean-ups. Supplies inventories are valued using the average cost method of accounting. Management evaluates its supplies inventory in terms of excess and obsolete exposures which includes such factors as anticipated usage, inventory turnover, inventory levels and ultimate market value. A reserve for excess and obsolete supplies inventory is established and charged to cost of sales in the Statements of Operations. Deferred Longwall Move Expenses Direct costs, including labor and supplies, associated with moving longwall equipment and the related equipment refurbishment costs are deferred and included in prepaid expenses. These deferred costs are amortized on a unit-of-production basis into cost of sales over the life of the subsequent panel of coal mined by the longwall equipment. See Note 5 for further disclosures related to deferred longwall move expenses. Advanced Mining Royalties Lease rights to coal reserves are often acquired in exchange for royalty payments. Advance mining royalties are advance payments made to lessors under terms of mineral lease agreements that are recoupable against future production royalties. These advance payments are deferred and charged to operations as the coal reserves are mined. Advance mining royalties are included in other long-term assets. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is recorded principally on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized on the straight-line method over the lesser of the useful life of the improvement or the remaining lease term. Estimated useful lives used in computing depreciation expense range from three to ten years for machinery and equipment, and from fifteen to thirty years for land improvements and buildings. Well life is used to estimate the useful life for gas properties and related development, and mine life is used for amortizing mine development costs. Gains and losses upon disposition are reflected in the Statements of Operations in the period of disposition. Maintenance and repair expenditures are charged to cost of sales as incurred. Deferred Mine Development Costs of developing new underground mines and certain underground expansion projects are capitalized. Underground development costs, which are costs incurred to make the coal physically accessible, may include construction permits and licenses, mine design, construction of access roads, main entries, airshafts, roof protection and other facilities. Mine development costs are amortized primarily on a unit-of-production basis over the estimated reserve tons directly benefiting from the capital expenditures. Costs amortized during the production phase of a mine are capitalized into inventory and expensed to cost of sales as the coal is sold. Owned and Leased Mineral Interests Costs to obtain coal reserves and lease mineral rights are capitalized based on cost or the fair value at acquisition and depleted using the unit-of-production method over the life of proven and probable reserves. Lease agreements are generally long-term in nature (original terms range from 10 to 50 years) and substantially all of the leases contain provisions that allow for automatic extension of the lease term provided certain requirements are met. Depletion expense was $9.6 million , $ 9.4 million , and $4.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , and the nine months ended December 31, 2016 , respectively, and is included in depreciation and depletion in the accompanying Statements of Operations. There was no depletion expense recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2016 (Predecessor). Asset Retirement Obligations The Company has certain asset retirement obligations primarily related to mine closing reclamation costs, perpetual water care costs and other costs associated with dismantling and removing facilities. Asset retirement obligations are determined for each mine using various estimates and assumptions, including estimates of disturbed acreage as determined from engineering data, estimates of future costs to reclaim the disturbed acreage and the timing of related cash flows, discounted using a credit-adjusted, risk-free rate. The Company's asset retirement obligations also include estimates to reclaim gas well in accordance with the Oil and Gas Board of Alabama. On at least an annual basis, the Company reviews the entire asset retirement obligation liability and makes necessary adjustments for permit changes, the anticipated timing of mine closures, and revisions to cost estimates and productivity assumptions to reflect current experience. As changes in estimates occur, the carrying amount of the obligation and asset are revised to reflect the new estimate after applying the appropriate credit-adjusted, risk-free discount rate. The future costs of these obligations are accrued at the estimated fair value in the period in which it is incurred if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. The present value of the estimated asset retirement cost is capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset. For sites where there is no asset, expense or income is recognized for changes in estimates. Capitalized asset retirement costs are amortized on a unit-of-production basis over the estimated reserves. Accretion of the asset retirement obligation is recognized over time and generally will escalate over the life of the producing asset, typically as production declines. Accretion is included in cost of sales on the Statements of Operations. Accrued mine closing costs, perpetual care costs and reclamation costs and other costs of dismantling and removing facilities are regularly reviewed by management and revised for changes in future estimated costs and regulatory requirements, as necessary. For ongoing operations, adjustments to the liability result in an adjustment to the corresponding asset. For some operations, adjustments to the liability are recognized as income or expense in the period the adjustment is recorded as no asset was recorded to offset the liability established during purchase accounting as the operations were idle at that time. Any difference between the recorded obligation and the actual cost of reclamation is recorded in profit or loss in the period the obligation is settled. See Note 9 for further disclosures related to asset retirement obligations. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Property, plant and equipment and other long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment at least annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the book value of the asset may not be recoverable. The Company periodically evaluates whether events and circumstances have occurred that would indicate possible impairment. When impairment indicators exist, the Company uses an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows of the related asset or asset group over the remaining life in measuring whether or not the asset values are recoverable. If the carrying amount of an asset or asset group exceeds its estimated future cash flows, impairment is recognized equal to the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset or asset group. Fair value is generally determined using market quotes, if available, or a discounted cash flow approach. The Company’s estimate of future undiscounted cash flows is based on assumptions including long-term met coal pricing forecasts, anticipated production volumes and mine operating costs for the life of the mine or estimated useful life of the asset. Equity Award Compensation (Successor) The Company accounts for equity award-based compensation to employees and non-employee/directors in accordance with ASC 718 requiring employee equity awards to be accounted for under the fair value method adjusted for estimated forfeitures rates based on historical experience. The Company recognizes compensation expense associated with equity awards for all awards made to employees as the requisite service, performance and market vesting conditions are met. The Company measures compensation expense based on the grant-date fair value of the awards calculated using a Black-Scholes or Monte Carlo valuation model. Compensation expense for equity awards with a service-only condition is recognized over the employee’s requisite service period using a graded vesting method. For awards with a performance condition that affects vesting, the performance condition is not considered in determining the award’s grant-date fair value; however, the performance conditions are considered when estimating the quantity of awards that are expected to vest. No compensation expense is recorded for awards with performance conditions until the performance condition is determined to be probable of achievement. For awards with a market condition that affects vesting, the market condition is considered in determining the award’s grant-date fair value. Compensation expense for awards with a market condition is recognized straight-line over the derived or implied service period. For awards with both performance and market conditions, the market condition is incorporated into the fair value of the award, while the performance condition impacts the timing of expense recognition. Compensation expense for equity awards is included in cost of sales (exclusive of items shown separately below) and selling, general and administrative in the accompanying Statements of Operations. Stock-Based Compensation (Predecessor) Prior to the Asset Acquisition, the Parent periodically granted stock-based awards to its employees and its board of directors. Stock-based compensation expenses related to these awards were allocated to the Predecessor based on the awards and terms previously granted to the employees of the Predecessor’s business units or subsidiaries as well as an allocation of the Parent’s corporate employee expenses. The Parent measured stock options and other stock-based awards granted to employees and directors based on the fair value on the date of the grant and recognized compensation expense for those awards, net of estimated forfeitures, over the requisite service period, which was generally the vesting period of the respective award. The Parent recognized compensation expense for only the portion of awards that were expected to vest. In developing a forfeiture rate estimate, the Parent considered its historical experience to estimate pre-vesting forfeitures for service-based awards. The impact of a forfeiture rate adjustment was recognized in full in the period of adjustment, and when the actual forfeiture rate was materially different from the estimate. The Parent used the Black-Scholes option pricing model to value stock option grants and also estimated forfeitures in calculating the expense related to stock-based compensation. The Parent used the Monte Carlo simulation to value its performance share units in calculating the expense related to stock-based compensation. Deferred Financing Costs The costs to obtain new debt financing or amend existing financing agreements are deferred and amortized to interest expense over the life of the related indebtedness or credit facility using the straight line method. As of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively, there were $ 3.1 million and $ 2.2 million , respectively, of origination fees related to the ABL Facility (as defined below) in other long-term assets on the accompanying Balance Sheet. As of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 there were $6.8 million and $ 7.8 million , respectively of unamortized deferred financing costs and debt discount, net, related to the Notes (as defined below), which is presented as a net deduction from the carrying amount of the debt recognized in the accompanying Balance Sheet. Income Taxes The Company records a tax provision for the expected tax effects of the reported results of operations. The provision for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax impact of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and for operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using the currently enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income in effect for the years in which those tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce deferred income tax assets to the amount that is believed more likely than not to be realized. When the Company concludes that all or part of the net deferred income tax assets are not realizable in the future, the Company makes an adjustment to the valuation allowance that is charged to earnings in the period that such determination was made. The Company recognizes tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such positions are then measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Results of operations of the Predecessor were historically included in the consolidated federal and state income tax returns of the Parent. The income tax provision included in the Predecessor financial statements was calculated using a method consistent with a separate return basis, as if the Predecessor’s business had been a separate taxpayer. Similarly, historical tax attributes (net operating losses, alternative minimum tax credits, etc.) were allocated to the Predecessor’s business utilizing a reasonable method of allocation. Fair Value Measurements Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three level hierarchy has been established for valuing assets and liabilities based on how transparent (observable) the inputs are that are used to determine fair value, with the inputs considered most observable categorized as Level 1 and those that are the least observable categorized as Level 3. Hierarchy levels are defined as follows: Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. Level 2: Observable inputs (other than Level 1 quoted prices), such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets or liabilities, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data. Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity that are significant to determining the fair value of the assets or liabilities, including pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques. New Accounting Pronouncements In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)". ASU 2016-02 contains accounting guidance that will require a lessee to recognize a right of use asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases, with the exception of short-term leases. Additional qualitative disclosures along with specific quantitative disclosures will also be required. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective approach. The Company has concluded that the adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial position and results of operations. In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, “Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities.” The new guidance provides targeted improvements to the accounting for hedging activities to better align an entity’s risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and the presentation of hedging results. ASU 2017-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years; early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the standard. |