Loans Held for Investment and Loans Held for Investment at Fair Value | Note 6 — Loans Held for Investment and Loans Held for Investment at Fair Value The following tables summarize loans held for investment as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands): March 31, 2023 Loans held for investment, net Loans held for investment, at fair value Total loans held for investment Unpaid principal balance $ 3,142,181 $ 436,610 $ 3,578,791 Valuation adjustments on FVO loans — 14,122 14,122 Deferred loan origination costs 32,144 — 32,144 3,174,325 450,732 3,625,057 Allowance for loan losses ( 5,045 ) — ( 5,045 ) Total loans held for investment and loans held for investment at $ 3,169,280 $ 450,732 $ 3,620,012 December 31, 2022 Loans held for investment, net Loans held for investment, at fair value Total loans held for investment Unpaid principal balance $ 3,243,854 $ 268,632 $ 3,512,486 Valuation adjustments on FVO loans — 7,463 7,463 Deferred loan origination costs 33,429 — 33,429 3,277,283 276,095 3,553,378 Allowance for loan losses ( 4,893 ) — ( 4,893 ) Total loans held for investment and loans held for investment at $ 3,272,390 $ 276,095 $ 3,548,485 The following tables summarize the Unpaid Principal Balance (“UPB”) and amortized cost basis of loans in the Company's COVID-19 forbearance program for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022 ($ in thousands): March 31, 2023 UPB % Amortized Cost % Beginning balance $ 201,005 $ 203,346 Foreclosures ( 99 ) ( 99 ) Repayments ( 5,792 ) ( 5,897 ) Ending balance $ 195,114 $ 197,350 Performing/Accruing $ 156,374 80.1 % $ 158,169 80.1 % Nonperforming/Nonaccrual $ 38,740 19.9 % $ 39,181 19.9 % December 31, 2022 UPB % Amortized Cost % Beginning balance $ 292,429 $ 295,990 Additions — — Foreclosures ( 3,593 ) ( 3,620 ) Repayments ( 87,831 ) ( 89,024 ) Ending balance $ 201,005 $ 203,346 Performing/Accruing $ 161,455 80.3 % $ 163,346 80.3 % Nonperforming/Nonaccrual $ 39,550 19.7 % $ 40,000 19.7 % Since April 1, 2020, the inception of the COVID-19 forbearance program, the Company has modified $ 410.5 million in UPB of loans, which includes capitalized interest of $ 12.3 million. As of March 31, 2023, $ 222.2 million in UPB of modified loans has been paid down, which includes $ 4.4 million of capitalized interest received. T he Company has not forgiven any capitalized interest. Approximately 80.1 % and 80.3 % of the COVID forbearance loans in UPB were performing, and 19.9 % and 19.7 % were on nonaccrual status as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the gross unpaid principal balances of loans held for investment pledged as collateral for the Company’s warehouse facilities and securitizations issued were as follows (in thousands): March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 The 2013 repurchase agreement $ 112,159 $ 170,185 The 2021 repurchase agreement 79,480 101,024 The Bank credit agreement 34,978 39,087 The 2021 term repurchase agreement 104,709 104,594 The July 2021 term repurchase agreement 16,693 3,859 Total pledged loans $ 348,019 $ 418,749 2016-1 Trust 37,412 39,720 2017-2 Trust 62,799 67,048 2018-1 Trust 45,736 48,139 2018-2 Trust 99,382 104,791 2019-1 Trust 100,086 104,249 2019-2 Trust 88,328 91,025 2019-3 Trust 73,223 75,618 2020-1 Trust 136,303 144,913 2020-2 Trust 78,031 81,259 2021-1 Trust 199,700 208,875 2021-2 Trust 167,075 172,144 2021-3 Trust 173,883 178,861 2021-4 Trust 270,264 275,741 2022-1 Trust 256,507 262,526 2022-2 Trust 243,372 245,339 2022-MC1 Trust 91,122 97,246 2022-3 Trust 294,439 299,638 2022-4 Trust 321,416 326,627 2022-5 Trust 247,813 251,288 2023-1 Trust 236,142 — Total $ 3,223,033 $ 3,075,047 (a) Nonaccrual Loans The following tables present the amortized cost basis, or recorded investment, of the Company’s loans held for investment, excluding loans carried at fair value, that were nonperforming and on nonaccrual status as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. There were no loans accruing interest that were greater than 90 days past due as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. March 31, 2023 Total Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Loan Loss Nonaccrual with Allowance for Loan Loss Allowance for Loans Individually Evaluated % of Allowance to Total Nonaccrual Loans with Allowance ($ in thousands) Commercial - Purchase $ 19,422 $ 18,486 $ 936 $ 138 1.1 % Commercial - Refinance 87,439 83,418 4,021 416 3.3 Residential 1-4 Unit - Purchase 34,171 34,171 — — — Residential 1-4 Unit - Refinance 124,390 120,732 3,659 204 1.6 Short Term 1-4 Unit - Purchase 8,447 8,447 — — — Short Term 1-4 Unit - Refinance 35,845 31,932 3,912 238 1.9 Total $ 309,714 $ 297,186 $ 12,528 $ 996 7.9 % December 31, 2022 Total Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Loan Loss Nonaccrual with Allowance for Loan Loss Allowance for Loans Individually Evaluated % of Allowance to Total Nonaccrual Loans with Allowance ($ in thousands) Commercial - Purchase $ 22,571 $ 22,437 $ 134 $ 28 0.2 % Commercial - Refinance 87,133 82,330 4,803 517 4.1 Residential 1-4 Unit - Purchase 27,984 27,516 468 118 0.9 Residential 1-4 Unit - Refinance 113,909 111,742 2,167 175 1.4 Short Term 1-4 Unit - Purchase 8,140 8,140 — — — Short Term 1-4 Unit - Refinance 35,602 30,612 4,990 258 2.1 Total $ 295,339 $ 282,777 $ 12,562 $ 1,096 8.7 % Troubled Debt Restructuring included $ — $ — $ — $ 25 — The Company has made the accounting policy election not to measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivables. The Company has also made the accounting policy election to write off accrued interest receivables by reversing interest income when loans are placed on nonaccrual status, or 90 days or more past due. The Company will continue to evaluate the COVID-19 forbearance-granted loans on an individual basis to determine if a reserve should be established on the collectability of the accrued interest and whether any loans should be placed on nonaccrual status at a future date. The following tables present the amortized cost basis in the loans held for investment, excluding loans held for investment at fair value, as of March 31, 2023 and 2022, and the amount of accrued interest receivables written off by reversing interest income by portfolio segment for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 2022 Amortized Cost Interest Reversal Amortized Cost Interest Reversal Commercial - Purchase $ 681,051 $ ( 132 ) $ 609,232 $ ( 115 ) Commercial - Refinance 879,978 ( 517 ) 889,829 ( 253 ) Residential 1-4 Unit - Purchase 574,320 ( 297 ) 448,727 ( 219 ) Residential 1-4 Unit - Refinance 912,313 ( 717 ) 782,105 ( 298 ) Short Term 1-4 Unit - Purchase 62,392 ( 24 ) 38,683 ( 22 ) Short Term 1-4 Unit - Refinance 64,271 ( 96 ) 64,390 ( 238 ) Total $ 3,174,325 $ ( 1,783 ) $ 2,832,966 $ ( 1,145 ) The cash basis interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans was $ 6.2 million and $ 7.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. No accrued interest income was recognized on nonaccrual loans for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The average recorded investment of individually evaluated loans, computed using month-end balances, was $ 302.3 million and $ 281.9 million f or the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. There were no commitments to lend additional funds to debtors whose loans have been modified in troubled debt restructuring as of March 31, 2023 and 2022. (b) Allowance for Credit Losses The following tables present the activity in the allowance for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Residential Residential Short Term Short Term Commercial Commercial 1-4 Unit 1-4 Unit 1-4 Unit 1-4 Unit Purchase Refinance Purchase Refinance Purchase Refinance Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning Balance - January 1, 2023 $ 639 $ 2,031 $ 542 $ 1,272 $ 21 $ 388 $ 4,893 Provision for loan losses 157 108 ( 48 ) 102 66 251 636 Charge-offs — ( 79 ) ( 26 ) ( 11 ) ( 63 ) ( 305 ) ( 484 ) Ending balance $ 796 $ 2,060 $ 468 $ 1,363 $ 24 $ 334 $ 5,045 Allowance related to: Loans individually evaluated $ 138 $ 416 $ — $ 204 $ — $ 238 $ 996 Loans collectively evaluated $ 659 $ 1,644 $ 467 $ 1,159 $ 24 $ 96 $ 4,049 Amortized cost related to: Loans individually evaluated $ 19,422 $ 87,439 $ 34,171 $ 124,390 $ 8,447 $ 35,845 $ 309,714 Loans collectively evaluated $ 661,629 $ 792,539 $ 540,149 $ 787,923 $ 53,945 $ 28,426 $ 2,864,611 Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Residential Residential Short Term Short Term Commercial Commercial 1-4 Unit 1-4 Unit 1-4 Unit 1-4 Unit Purchase Refinance Purchase Refinance Purchase Refinance Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning Balance - January 1, 2022 $ 385 $ 2,144 $ 400 $ 948 $ 43 $ 342 $ 4,262 Provision for loan losses 281 1 ( 11 ) 186 7 266 730 Charge-offs ( 147 ) ( 5 ) — ( 105 ) — ( 71 ) ( 328 ) Ending balance $ 519 $ 2,140 $ 389 $ 1,029 $ 50 $ 537 $ 4,664 Allowance related to: Loans individually evaluated $ 28 $ 770 $ 96 $ 198 $ 32 $ 475 $ 1,599 Loans collectively evaluated $ 490 $ 1,370 $ 293 $ 832 $ 17 $ 62 $ 3,064 Amortized cost related to: Loans individually evaluated $ 16,712 $ 83,695 $ 24,934 $ 107,362 $ 2,869 $ 43,231 $ 278,803 Loans collectively evaluated $ 592,520 $ 806,134 $ 423,793 $ 674,743 $ 35,814 $ 21,159 $ 2,554,163 (c) Credit Quality Indicator A credit quality indicator is a statistic used by the Company to monitor and assess the credit quality of loans held for investment, excluding loans held for investment at fair value. The Company monitors its charge-off rate in relation to its nonperforming loans as a credit quality indicator. Nonperforming loans are loans that are 90 or more days past due, in bankruptcy, in foreclosure, or not accruing interest. Past due status is based on the contractual terms of the loan. The annualized charge-off rates were 0.65 % and 0.47 % of average nonperforming loans for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Other credit quality indicators include aging status and accrual status. The following table presents the aging status of the amortized cost basis in the loans held for investment portfolio, excluding loans held for investment at fair value, which include $ 197.3 million and $ 203.3 million loans in the Company’s COVID-19 forbearance program as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively (in thousands): 30–59 days 60–89 days 90+days Total Total March 31, 2023 past due past due past due (1) past due Current loans Loans individually evaluated Commercial - Purchase $ 762 $ 317 $ 18,343 $ 19,422 $ — $ 19,422 Commercial - Refinance 4,223 8,249 74,814 87,286 153 87,439 Residential 1-4 Unit - Purchase 725 2,201 31,245 34,171 — 34,171 Residential 1-4 Unit - Refinance 1,215 5,863 117,312 124,390 — 124,390 Short Term 1-4 Unit - Purchase 175 — 8,272 8,447 — 8,447 Short Term 1-4 Unit - Refinance — — 35,845 35,845 — 35,845 Total loans individually evaluated $ 7,100 $ 16,630 $ 285,831 $ 309,561 $ 153 $ 309,714 Loans collectively evaluated Commercial - Purchase $ 14,414 $ 7,385 $ — $ 21,799 $ 639,830 $ 661,629 Commercial - Refinance 37,560 21,189 — 58,749 733,790 792,539 Residential 1-4 Unit - Purchase 23,801 12,001 — 35,802 504,347 540,149 Residential 1-4 Unit - Refinance 50,130 27,805 — 77,935 709,988 787,923 Short Term 1-4 Unit - Purchase 1,805 2,098 — 3,903 50,042 53,945 Short Term 1-4 Unit - Refinance 2,346 3,362 — 5,708 22,718 28,426 Total loans collectively evaluated $ 130,056 $ 73,840 $ — $ 203,896 $ 2,660,715 $ 2,864,611 Ending balance $ 137,156 $ 90,470 $ 285,831 $ 513,457 $ 2,660,868 $ 3,174,325 30–59 days 60–89 days 90+days Total Total December 31, 2022 past due past due past due (1) past due Current loans Loans individually evaluated Commercial - Purchase $ 865 $ — $ 21,706 $ 22,571 $ — $ 22,571 Commercial - Refinance 4,415 5,943 76,619 86,977 156 87,133 Residential 1-4 Unit - Purchase 590 592 26,802 27,984 — 27,984 Residential 1-4 Unit - Refinance 1,715 2,728 109,466 113,909 — 113,909 Short Term 1-4 Unit - Purchase 176 — 7,964 8,140 — 8,140 Short Term 1-4 Unit - Refinance 657 — 34,945 35,602 — 35,602 Total loans individually evaluated $ 8,418 $ 9,263 $ 277,502 $ 295,183 $ 156 $ 295,339 Loans collectively evaluated Commercial - Purchase $ 24,899 $ 5,096 $ — $ 29,995 $ 648,842 $ 678,837 Commercial - Refinance 41,711 20,561 — 62,272 757,692 819,964 Residential 1-4 Unit - Purchase 22,840 13,948 — 36,788 523,661 560,449 Residential 1-4 Unit - Refinance 64,925 23,224 — 88,149 737,247 825,396 Short Term 1-4 Unit - Purchase 21,273 294 — 21,567 40,177 61,744 Short Term 1-4 Unit - Refinance 5,550 1,191 — 6,741 28,814 35,555 Total loans collectively evaluated $ 181,198 $ 64,314 $ — $ 245,512 $ 2,736,433 $ 2,981,945 Ending balance $ 189,616 $ 73,577 $ 277,502 $ 540,695 $ 2,736,589 $ 3,277,284 (1) Includes loans in bankruptcy and foreclosure less than 90 days past due. In addition to the aging status, the Company also evaluates credit quality by accrual status. The following tables present the amortized cost in loans held for investment, excluding loans held for investment at fair value, based on accrual status and by loan origination year as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands). Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year March 31, 2023: 2022 2021 2020 2019 Pre-2019 Total Commercial - Purchase Payment performance Performing $ 269,878 $ 243,383 $ 34,723 $ 53,188 $ 60,457 $ 661,629 Nonperforming 2,023 5,056 533 4,377 7,433 19,422 Total Commercial - Purchase $ 271,901 $ 248,439 $ 35,256 $ 57,565 $ 67,890 $ 681,051 Commercial - Refinance Payment performance Performing $ 255,280 $ 203,305 $ 54,202 $ 101,057 $ 178,695 $ 792,539 Nonperforming 16,822 12,242 4,422 19,529 34,424 87,439 Total Commercial - Refinance $ 272,102 $ 215,547 $ 58,624 $ 120,586 $ 213,119 $ 879,978 Residential 1-4 Unit - Purchase Payment performance Performing $ 238,003 $ 222,115 $ 10,803 $ 30,910 $ 38,318 $ 540,149 Nonperforming 11,189 11,683 1,809 2,850 6,640 34,171 Total Residential 1-4 $ 249,192 $ 233,798 $ 12,612 $ 33,760 $ 44,958 $ 574,320 Residential 1-4 Unit - Refinance Payment performance Performing $ 324,890 $ 266,570 $ 24,050 $ 81,982 $ 90,431 $ 787,923 Nonperforming 30,768 33,180 6,639 25,477 28,326 124,390 Total Residential 1-4 $ 355,658 $ 299,750 $ 30,689 $ 107,459 $ 118,757 $ 912,313 Short Term 1-4 Unit - Purchase Payment performance Performing $ 32,004 $ 945 $ 16,641 $ 4,355 $ — $ 53,945 Nonperforming 2,171 4,999 995 282 — 8,447 Total Short Term 1-4 $ 34,175 $ 5,944 $ 17,636 $ 4,637 $ — $ 62,392 Short Term 1-4 Unit - Refinance Payment performance Performing $ 28,426 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 28,426 Nonperforming 3,840 1,023 9,807 16,391 4,784 35,845 Total Short Term 1-4 $ 32,266 $ 1,023 $ 9,807 $ 16,391 $ 4,784 $ 64,271 Total Portfolio $ 1,215,294 $ 1,004,501 $ 164,624 $ 340,398 $ 449,508 $ 3,174,325 Gross charge-offs - quarter-ended March 31, 2023 $ 11 $ 26 $ — $ 447 $ — $ 484 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year December 31, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Pre-2018 Total Commercial - Purchase Payment performance Performing $ 273,950 $ 249,100 $ 36,064 $ 56,322 $ 33,193 $ 30,208 $ 678,837 Nonperforming 1,274 6,959 1,579 5,809 3,205 3,745 22,571 Total Commercial - Purchase $ 275,224 $ 256,059 $ 37,643 $ 62,131 $ 36,398 $ 33,953 $ 701,408 Commercial - Refinance Payment performance Performing $ 263,754 $ 210,898 $ 55,795 $ 103,633 $ 93,161 $ 92,723 $ 819,964 Nonperforming 9,012 11,801 3,855 23,423 20,408 18,634 87,133 Total Commercial - Refinance $ 272,766 $ 222,699 $ 59,650 $ 127,056 $ 113,569 $ 111,357 $ 907,097 Residential 1-4 Unit - Purchase Payment performance Performing $ 249,625 $ 227,235 $ 10,710 $ 31,685 $ 18,891 $ 22,303 $ 560,449 Nonperforming 7,281 10,107 2,165 2,313 1,553 4,565 27,984 Total Residential 1-4 $ 256,906 $ 237,342 $ 12,875 $ 33,998 $ 20,444 $ 26,868 $ 588,433 Residential 1-4 Unit - Refinance Payment performance Performing $ 338,959 $ 285,195 $ 24,703 $ 84,208 $ 39,870 $ 52,461 $ 825,396 Nonperforming 21,391 25,023 6,907 27,746 15,834 17,008 113,909 Total Residential 1-4 $ 360,350 $ 310,218 $ 31,610 $ 111,954 $ 55,704 $ 69,469 $ 939,305 Short Term 1-4 Unit - Purchase Payment performance Performing $ 40,967 $ 944 $ 15,659 $ 4,174 $ — $ — $ 61,744 Nonperforming 1,287 5,212 995 542 104 — 8,140 Total Short Term 1-4 $ 42,254 $ 6,156 $ 16,654 $ 4,716 $ 104 $ — $ 69,884 Short Term 1-4 Unit - Refinance Payment performance Performing $ 35,555 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 35,555 Nonperforming 786 1,221 10,545 18,245 4,805 — 35,602 Total Short Term 1-4 $ 36,341 $ 1,221 $ 10,545 $ 18,245 $ 4,805 $ — $ 71,157 Total Portfolio $ 1,243,841 $ 1,033,695 $ 168,977 $ 358,100 $ 231,024 $ 241,647 $ 3,277,284 (d) Nonaccrual Loans for Loans Held for Investment at Fair value The following table presents the aggregate fair value of loans held for investment, at fair value that are 90 days or more past due and/or in nonaccrual status, and the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate unpaid principal balance as of March 31, 2023 by loan segments (in thousands): Fair Value Unpaid Principal Balance Difference Current–89 days 90+days past due Current–89 days 90+days past due 90+days past due March 31, 2023 past due or nonaccrual Total past due or nonaccrual Total or nonaccrual Commercial - Purchase $ 69,565 $ — $ 69,565 $ 66,046 $ — $ 66,046 $ — Commercial - Refinance 66,651 1,121 67,772 62,793 1,067 63,860 54 Residential 1-4 Unit - Purchase 110,742 — 110,742 109,625 — 109,625 — Residential 1-4 Unit - Refinance 157,747 2,070 159,817 152,933 2,008 154,941 62 Short Term 1-4 Unit - Purchase 18,909 856 19,765 18,634 839 19,473 17 Short Term 1-4 Unit - Refinance 23,071 — 23,071 22,665 — 22,665 — Ending balance $ 446,685 $ 4,047 $ 450,732 $ 432,696 $ 3,914 $ 436,610 $ 133 |