Stock-based Compensation | Note 6 – Stock-based Compensation For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 we recognized $275,955 and $570,632, respectively as stock-based compensation. Of which $253,798 and $22,157, and $468,076 and $102,556, were as a result of granted option activity and common stock issuances, respectively, as described below and in Note 4 Equity above. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 we recognized $495,385 and $570,385, respectively as stock-based compensation. Of which $380,445 and $114,940 and $380,445 and $189,940 was the result of option and warrant activity, respectively, as described below and in Note 4 Equity above. Stock Incentive Plans The Co-Diagnostics, Inc. 2015 Long Term Incentive Plan reserves an aggregate of 6,000,000 shares. The number of unissued stock options authorized under the plan at September 30, 2019 was 3,978,183. Stock Options The Company estimates the fair value of incentive options on the date of grant as determined using a Black-Scholes pricing model. The Company amortizes the fair value of issued warrants using a vesting schedule based on the terms and conditions of each option. The Black-Scholes valuation model requires various judgmental assumptions including the estimated volatility, risk-free interest rate and expected warrant term. In determining the expected volatility, our computation is based on the stock prices of three comparable companies and on a combination of historical and market-based implied volatility. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield curve of a zero-coupon U.S. Treasury bond on the date the option was issued with a maturity equal to the expected term of the option. The company applies a forfeiture rate discount in determining the final valuation. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 we recognized $253,798 and $468,076 of stock-based compensation expense, related to stock options, recorded in our general and administrative department of which (i) $19,483 and $19,483 was for 25,000 options granted to 1 independent member of the board of directors, (ii) $0 and $38,688 was for an aggregate of 75,000 options granted to 3 independent members of the board of directors, (iii) $146,520 and $146,520 was for vested portion of 790,000 options granted to 13 employees, and (iii) $87,795 and $263,385 was for options vesting which were granted prior to January 1, 2019, respectively. Included in stock-based compensation for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recognized expense of $380,445 recorded in our general and administrative department for 850,000 options granted to nine employees. The following table summarizes option activity during the nine months and year ended September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Options Weighted Weighted Weighted Outstanding at January 1, 2018 322,707 $ 1.29 $ 0.70 7.05 Options granted 850,000 2.63 1.24 9.98 Expired — — — — Forfeited options — — — — Exercised — — — — Outstanding at December 31, 2018 1,172,707 $ 2.23 $ 1.09 8.72 Options granted 890,000 1.07 0.51 9.92 Expired — — — — Forfeited options 40,890 3.85 1.59 8.04 Exercised — — — — Outstanding at September 30, 2019 2,021,817 $ 1.69 $ 0.83 8.98 Warrants The Company estimates the fair value of issued warrants on the date of issuance as determined using a Black-Scholes pricing model. The Company amortizes the fair value of issued warrants using a vesting schedule based on the terms and conditions of each warrant. The Black-Scholes valuation model requires various judgmental assumptions including the estimated volatility, risk-free interest rate and expected warrant term. In determining the expected volatility, our computation is based on the stock prices of three comparable companies and on a combination of historical and market-based implied volatility. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield curve of a zero-coupon U.S. Treasury bond on the date the warrant was issued with a maturity equal to the expected term of the warrant. There were 470,000 warrants valued at $379,487 issued in the nine months ended September 30, 2019 for professional services rendered to the company. The Company calculated the value of the warrants using a Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions: (i) risk free interest rate 2.34%, (ii) expected life (in years) of 5; (iii) expected volatility of 50.97%; (iv) expected dividend yield of 0.00%; and (v) stock trading price of $0.982. There were no warrants issued in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. The following table summarizes warrant activity during the nine months and year ended September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Warrants Weighted Weighted Weighted Outstanding at January 1, 2018 706,262 3.27 1.48 4.22 Warrants issued 50,000 2.00 1.22 5.00 Expired — — — — Forfeited warrants — — — — Exercised 272,727 0.64 0.54 3.64 Outstanding at December 31, 2018 483,535 $ 4.92 $ 1.99 3.29 Warrants issued 470,000 0.48 0.08 4.59 Expired — — — — Forfeited warrants — — — — Exercised — — — — Outstanding at September 30, 2019 953,535 $ 2.73 $ 1.05 3.55 The following table summarizes information about stock options and warrants outstanding at September 30, 2019. Outstanding Exercisable Range of Exercise Prices Number Outstanding Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Weighted Average Weighted Average $ 0.01-1.10 1,511,372 7.95 $ 0.73 984,705 $ 0.53 2.00-3.85 1,055,445 8.12 2.54 772,112 2.51 5.10-7.20 408,535 2.34 5.46 408,535 5.46 $ 0.01-7.20 2,975,352 7.24 $ 2.02 2,165,352 $ 2.16 Total unrecognized stock-based compensation was $581,167 at September 30, 2019 for options granted. The Company expects to recognize the aggregate amount of this compensation expense over the next years in accordance with contractual provisions and vesting as follows: Year Amount 2019 $ 121,607 2020 369,379 2021 90,181 Total $ 581,167 |