Stockholders' Equity | 8. Stockholders’ Equity Equity Incentive Plans In January 2017, the Company’s board of directors and stockholders adopted the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan, which was amended and restated in July 2017, (as so amended and restated, the “2017 Plan”), which provided for the grant of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards and other stock awards. The maximum number of shares of common stock that were authorized for issuance under the 2017 Plan was 2,730,496 . On July 17, 2020, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2020 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan”), which became effective on July 23, 2020. The 2020 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards. The number of shares of the Company’s common stock reserved for issuance under the 2020 Plan was 1,588,315 shares, plus the 426,065 shares of common stock remaining available for issuance under the 2017 Plan as of July 23, 2020. The number of shares reserved under the 2020 Plan will be annually increased on each January 1 through January 1, 2030 by the lower of (i) 4 % of the number of shares of common stock outstanding on the first day of such fiscal year and (ii) an amount determined by the Company’s board of directors. As of the effective date of the 2020 Plan, no further awards will be made under the 2017 Plan. Any options or awards outstanding under the 2017 Plan are governed by their existing terms. The shares of the Company’s common stock subject to outstanding awards under the 2017 Plan that expire, terminate or are otherwise surrendered, cancelled, forfeited or repurchased by the Company at their original issuance price pursuant to a contractual repurchase right will be added back to the shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2020 Plan. No more than 1,588,315 shares of the Company's common stock may be granted subject to incentive stock options under the 2020 Plan. On January 1, 2022, the number of shares of common stock reserved under the 2020 Plan was increased by 946,749 shares. As of March 31, 2022 , 721,937 shares of common stock remain available for future issuance under the 2020 Plan. The following table summarizes stock option activity under the Company’s equity incentive plans since December 31, 2021: Options Weighted- Weighted- Aggregate (in years) (in thousands) Outstanding at December 31, 2021 3,582,613 $ 10.63 8.32 $ 7,428 Granted 1,208,550 5.60 Exercised ( 149,664 ) 1.61 Forfeited ( 134,641 ) 10.16 Outstanding at March 31, 2022 4,506,858 $ 9.60 8.60 $ 2,746 Exercisable at March 31, 2022 1,487,970 $ 8.29 7.53 $ 1,964 Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2022 4,506,858 $ 9.60 8.60 $ 2,746 (1) The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the stock options and the fair value of the Company’s common stock for those stock options that had exercise prices lower than the fair value of the Company’s common stock. The weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $ 4.34 per share. The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2022 was immaterial. For purposes of calculating stock-based compensation expense, the Company estimates the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. This model incorporates various assumptions, including the expected volatility, expected term, and interest rates. The underlying assumptions used to value stock options granted to participants using the Black-Scholes option-pricing were as follows: For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 2021 Risk-free interest rate range 1.59 % to 2.37 % 0.48 % to 1.05 % Dividend yield 0 % 0 % Expected term of options (years) 5.08 to 6.48 6.08 to 6.48 Volatility rate range 85.38 % to 86.64 % 88.70 % to 90.53 % The total compensation cost recognized in the statements of operations associated with all the stock-based compensation awards granted by the Company is as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 2021 Research and development $ 896 $ 641 General and administrative 856 936 Total $ 1,752 $ 1,577 The total unrecognized compensation cost related to outstanding employee awards as of March 31, 2022 wa s $ 19.5 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.90 years. Employee Stock Purchase Plan On July 17, 2020, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”), which became effective on July 23, 2020. The ESPP initially provides participating employees with the opportunity to purchase up to an aggregate of 198,539 shares of the Company’s common stock. The number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the ESPP will automatically increase on each January 1 through January 1, 2031, in an amount equal to the lowest of (1) 397,079 shares of the Company’s common stock, (2) 1 % of the number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding on the first day of such fiscal year and (3) an amount determined by the Company’s board of directors . The number of shares available for grant under this plan increased by 236,687 on January 1, 2022 due to this provision. As of March 31, 2022 , no shares have been purchased by employees under the ESPP. The Company activated its first offering period under the ESPP on April 1, 2022. The offering period ends on September 30, 2022. |