EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION | NOTE 11—EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION The SES Holdings 2011 Equity Incentive Plan, (“2011 Plan”) was approved by the board of managers of SES Holdings in April 2011. In conjunction with the Select 144A Offering, the Company adopted the Select Energy Services, Inc. 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (as amended, the “2016 Plan”) for employees, consultants and directors of the Company and its affiliates. Options that were outstanding under the 2011 Plan immediately prior to the Select 144A Offering were cancelled in exchange for new options granted under the 2016 Plan. On July 18, 2017, the Select Inc. board of directors approved the First Amendment to the 2016 Plan (the “Equity Plan Amendment”), which clarifies the treatment of substitute awards under the 2016 Plan (including substitute awards that may be granted in connection with the Rockwater merger which occurred on November 1, 2017) and allowed for the assumption by the Company of shares eligible under any pre-existing stockholder-approved plan of an entity acquired by the Company or its affiliate (including the Rockwater Energy Solutions Inc. Amended and Restated 2017 Long Term Incentive Plan (the “Rockwater Equity Plan”)), in each case subject to the listing rules of the stock exchange on which the Company’s Class A Common Stock is listed. The effectiveness of the Equity Plan Amendment was subject to approval by the Company's stockholders and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement for the Rockwater merger. The Company’s consenting stockholders, who held a majority of the outstanding common stock of the Company, approved the Equity Plan Amendment on July 18, 2017. The Equity Plan Amendment became effective on November 1, 2017 upon the consummation of the Rockwater merger. Currently, the maximum number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2016 Plan, taking into account the impact of the Rockwater merger, is approximately 9.3 million shares. For all share-based compensation award types, the Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. Stock option awards Stock options were granted with an exercise price equal to or greater than the fair market value of a share of Class A Common Stock as of the date of grant. Certain awards granted during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 in exchange for cancelled awards were immediately vested and fully exercisable on the date of grant because they were either granted in exchange for the cancellation of outstanding options granted under the 2011 Plan or the Rockwater Equity Plan, as applicable, that were fully vested and exercisable prior to such cancellation. The Company utilized the Monte Carlo option pricing model to determine fair value of the options granted during 2018, which incorporates assumptions to value equity-based awards. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect for the expected term of the option at the time of grant. The expected life of the options was based on the vesting period and term of the options awarded, which is ten years. No stock options were granted in 2019 or in the Current Quarter. A summary of the Company’s stock option activity and related information as of and for the Current Quarter is as follows: For the three months ended March 31, 2020 Weighted-average Weighted-average Grant Date Value Aggregate Intrinsic Stock Options Exercise Price Term (Years) Value (in thousands) (a) Beginning balance, outstanding 3,797,319 $ 15.95 4.2 $ 509 Forfeited (20,091) 14.68 Ending balance, outstanding 3,777,228 $ 15.96 4.0 $ — Ending balance, exercisable 3,764,205 $ 15.94 4.0 $ — Nonvested at end of period 13,023 $ 20.58 (a) The Company recognized $0.2 million and $1.3 million of compensation expense related to stock options during the Current Quarter and Prior Quarter, respectively. As of March 31, 2020, there was a nominal amount of unrecognized equity-based compensation expense remaining related to nonvested stock options. Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Units The value of the restricted stock awards and restricted stock units issued was established by the market price of the Class A Common Stock on the date of grant and is recorded as compensation expense ratably over the vesting term, which is generally one A summary of the Company’s restricted stock awards activity and related information for the Current Quarter is as follows: For the three months ended March 31, 2020 Weighted-average Restricted Stock Awards Grant Date Fair Value Nonvested at December 31, 2019 1,518,193 $ 10.08 Granted 1,271,706 5.89 Vested (406,289) 12.54 Forfeited (199,069) 7.52 Nonvested at March 31, 2020 2,184,541 $ 7.42 A summary of the Company’s restricted stock unit activity and related information for the Current Quarter is as follows: For the three months ended March 31, 2020 Weighted-average Restricted Stock Units Grant Date Fair Value Nonvested at December 31, 2019 1,250 $ 19.00 Vested (625) 20.00 Forfeited (625) 18.00 Nonvested at March 31, 2020 — $ — Performance Share Units (PSUs) During 2018 and 2019, the Company approved grants of performance share units (“PSUs”) that are subject to both performance-based and service-based vesting provisions. The number of shares of Class A Common Stock issued to a recipient upon vesting of the PSU will be calculated based on performance against certain metrics that relate to the Company’s return on asset performance over the January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2020 and January 1, 2019 through December 31, 2021 performance periods, respectively. The target number of shares of Class A Common Stock subject to each PSU granted in 2018 and 2019 is one; however, based on the achievement of performance criteria, the number of shares of Class A Common Stock that may be received in settlement of each PSU can range from zero to 1.75 times the target number. The PSUs become earned at the end of the performance period after the attainment of the performance level has been certified by the compensation committee, which will be no later than June 30, 2021 for the 2018 PSU grants, and June 30, 2022 for the 2019 PSU grants, assuming the minimum performance metrics are achieved. The target PSUs that become earned PSUs during the performance period will be determined in accordance with the following table: Return on Assets at Performance Period End Date Percentage of Target PSUs Earned Less than 9.6% 0% 9.6% 50% 12% 100% 14.4% 175% During 2020, the Company approved grants of PSUs that are subject to both performance-based and service-based vesting provisions related to (i) return on asset performance (“ROA”) in comparison to thirteen peer companies and (ii) Adjusted Free Cash Flow (“FCF”) performance percentage. The number of shares of Class A Common Stock issued to a recipient upon vesting of the PSUs will be calculated based on ROA and FCF performance over the period from January 1, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The target number of shares of Class A Common Stock subject to each PSU granted in 2020 is one; however, based on the achievement of performance criteria, the number of shares of Class A Common Stock that may be received in settlement of each PSU can range from zero to 1.75 times the target number. The PSUs become earned at the end of the performance period after the attainment of the performance level has been certified by the compensation committee, which will be no later than June 30, 2023 for the 2020 PSU grants, assuming the minimum performance metrics are achieved. The target PSUs that become earned connected with the ROA in comparison to other companies will be determined based on the Company’s Average Return on Assets (as defined in the applicable PSU agreement) relative to the Average Return on Assets of the peer companies (as defined in the applicable PSU agreement) in accordance with the following table: Ranking Among Peer Group Percentage of Target Amount Earned Outside of Top 10 0% Top 10 50% Top 7 100% Top 3 175% The target PSUs that become earned in connection with the adjusted FCF performance percentage will be determined (as defined in the applicable PSU agreement) in accordance with the following table: Adjusted FCF Performance Percentage Percentage of Target Amount Earned Less than 70% 0% 70% 50% 100% 100% 130% 175% The fair value on the date the PSUs were issued during 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $4.4 million, $7.0 million and $5.9 million, respectively. Compensation expense related to the PSUs is determined by multiplying the number of shares of Class A Common Stock underlying such awards that, based on the Company’s estimate, are probable to vest, by the measurement-date (i.e., the last day of each reporting period date) fair value and recognized using the accelerated attribution method. The Company recognized a credit to compensation expense of $1.4 million and compensation expense of $0.9 million related to the PSUs for the Current Quarter and Prior Quarter, respectively. As of March 31, 2020, the unrecognized compensation cost related to our unvested PSUs is estimated to be $3.6 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.7 years as of March 31, 2020. However, this compensation cost will be adjusted as appropriate throughout the applicable performance periods. The following table summarizes the information about the performance share units outstanding as of March 31, 2020: Performance Share Units Nonvested as of December 31, 2019 1,014,990 Target shares granted 753,378 Target shares outstanding as of March 31, 2020 1,768,368 Stock-Settled Incentive Awards Effective May 17, 2018, the Company approved grants of stock-settled incentive awards to certain key employees under the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan that are subject to both market-based and service-based vesting provisions. These awards will vest after a two-year service period and, if earned, settled in shares of Class A Common Stock. The ultimate amount earned is based on the achievement of the market metrics, which is based on the stock price of the Class A Common Stock at the vesting date, for which payout could range from 0% to 200%. Any award not earned on the vesting date is forfeited. The target amount that becomes earned during the performance period will be determined in accordance with the following table: Stock Price at Vesting Date (1) Percentage of Target Amount Earned Less than $20.00 0% At least $20.00, but less than $25.00 100% $25.00 or greater 200% (1) The stock price at vesting date equals the greater of (i) the fair market value of a share of the Class A Common Stock on the vesting date, or (ii) the volume weighted average closing price of a share of the Class A Common Stock, as reported on the New York Stock Exchange, for the 30 trading days preceding the vesting date. The target amount of stock-settled incentive awards granted was $3.9 million. However, the ultimate settlement of the awards will be in shares of Class A Common Stock with a fair market value equal to the earned amount, which could range from 0% to 200% of the target amount depending on the stock price at vesting date. Compensation expense associated with the stock-settled incentive awards is recognized ratably over the corresponding requisite service period. The fair value of the stock-settled incentive awards was determined using a Monte Carlo option pricing model, similar to the Black-Scholes-Merton model, and adjusted for the specific characteristics of the awards. The key assumptions in the model included price, the expected volatility of our stock, risk-free interest rate based on U.S. Treasury yield curve, cross-correlations between us and our self-determined peer companies’ asset, equity and debt-to-equity volatility. The Company recognized a nominal credit during the Current Quarter and $0.1 million of expense in the Prior Quarter, respectively, related to stock-settled incentive awards. The unrecognized compensation cost related to our unvested stock-settled incentive awards is $0.1 million and is expected to be fully recognized in the second quarter of 2020. The following table summarizes the information about the stock-settled incentive awards outstanding as of March 31, 2020: Award Value Value at Target Being Recognized Nonvested as of December 31, 2019 $ 2,937 $ 1,122 Forfeited during 2020 (409) (157) Nonvested as of March 31, 2020 $ 2,528 $ 965 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) We have an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) under which employees that have been continuously employed for at least one year may purchase shares of Class A Common Stock at a discount. The plan provides for four The following table summarizes ESPP activity (in thousands, except shares): For the three months ended March 31, 2020 Cash received for shares issued $ 27 Shares issued 4,443 Share Repurchases During the Current Quarter, the Company repurchased 849,711 shares of Class A Common Stock in the open market and repurchased 129,680 shares of Class A Common Stock in connection with employee minimum tax withholding requirements for units vested under the 2016 Plan. All repurchased shares were retired. During the Current Quarter, the repurchases were accounted for as a decrease to paid-in-capital of $6.6 million and a decrease to Class A Common Stock of approximately $10,000. In the Prior Quarter, the Company repurchased 82,092 shares in the open market and repurchased 43,694 shares in connection with employee minimum tax withholding requirements. |