Loans Held-for-Investment, Net of Allowance for Credit Losses | Loans Held-for-Investment, Net of Allowance for Credit LossesThe Company originates and acquires commercial real estate debt and related instruments generally to be held as long-term investments. These assets are classified as “loans held-for-investment” on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Loans held-for-investment are reported at cost, net of any unamortized acquisition premiums or discounts, loan fees, origination costs and allowance for credit losses, as applicable. The following tables summarize the Company’s loans held-for-investment by asset type, property type and geographic location as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020: March 31, (dollars in thousands) Senior Loans (1) Mezzanine Loans B-Notes Total Unpaid principal balance $ 3,856,413 $ 2,034 $ 14,176 $ 3,872,623 Unamortized (discount) premium (68) — — (68) Unamortized net deferred origination fees (13,286) — — (13,286) Allowance for credit losses (53,437) (2,034) (3,962) (59,433) Carrying value $ 3,789,622 $ — $ 10,214 $ 3,799,836 Unfunded commitments $ 453,534 $ — $ — $ 453,534 Number of loans 98 1 1 100 Weighted average coupon 5.1 % 13.0 % 8.0 % 5.1 % Weighted average years to maturity (2) 0.9 4.6 5.8 0.9 December 31, (dollars in thousands) Senior Loans (1) Mezzanine Loans B-Notes Total Unpaid principal balance $ 3,915,833 $ 2,366 $ 14,235 $ 3,932,434 Unamortized (discount) premium (75) — — (75) Unamortized net deferred origination fees (17,890) — — (17,890) Allowance for credit losses (60,130) (2,366) (4,170) (66,666) Carrying value $ 3,837,738 $ — $ 10,065 $ 3,847,803 Unfunded commitments $ 503,726 $ — $ — $ 503,726 Number of loans 101 1 1 103 Weighted average coupon 5.1 % 13.0 % 8.0 % 5.1 % Weighted average years to maturity (2) 1.1 4.9 6.1 1.1 ____________________ (1) Loans primarily secured by a first priority lien on commercial real property and related personal property and also includes, when applicable, any companion subordinate loans. (2) Based on contractual maturity date. Certain loans are subject to contractual extension options with such conditions stipulated in the applicable loan documents. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities stated herein as certain borrowers may have the right to prepay with or without paying a prepayment fee. The Company may also extend contractual maturities in connection with loan modifications. (dollars in thousands) March 31, December 31, Property Type Carrying Value % of Loan Portfolio Carrying Value % of Loan Portfolio Office $ 1,743,557 45.9 % $ 1,720,705 44.7 % Multifamily 902,334 23.8 % 910,557 23.7 % Hotel 658,821 17.3 % 646,869 16.8 % Retail 330,833 8.7 % 332,218 8.6 % Industrial 125,769 3.3 % 196,677 5.1 % Other 38,522 1.0 % 40,777 1.1 % Total $ 3,799,836 100.0 % $ 3,847,803 100.0 % (dollars in thousands) March 31, December 31, Geographic Location Carrying Value % of Loan Portfolio Carrying Value % of Loan Portfolio Northeast $ 1,009,667 26.6 % $ 1,028,584 26.8 % Southwest 813,610 21.4 % 802,233 20.8 % West 640,788 16.9 % 682,236 17.7 % Midwest 708,060 18.6 % 712,675 18.5 % Southeast 627,711 16.5 % 622,075 16.2 % Total $ 3,799,836 100.0 % $ 3,847,803 100.0 % At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company pledged loans held-for-investment with a carrying value, net of allowance for credit losses, of $3.8 billion for both periods, as collateral under repurchase facilities, an asset-specific financing facility, a term financing facility and securitized debt obligations. See Note 4 - Variable Interest Entities and Securitized Debt Obligations and Note 5 - Collateralized Borrowings. The following table summarizes activity related to loans held-for-investment, net of allowance for credit losses, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020: Three Months Ended (in thousands) 2021 2020 Balance at beginning of period $ 3,847,803 $ 4,226,212 Originations, acquisitions and additional fundings 41,777 187,422 Repayments (101,588) (102,139) Net discount accretion (premium amortization) 7 8 Increase in net deferred origination fees (34) (2,453) Amortization of net deferred origination fees 4,638 4,766 Benefit from (provision for) credit losses 7,233 (62,565) Balance at end of period $ 3,799,836 $ 4,251,251 Subsequent to the adoption of ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020, to estimate and recognize an allowance for credit losses on loans held-for-investment and their related unfunded commitments, the Company continues to use a probability-weighted analytical model. The Company employs quarterly updated macroeconomic forecasts, which reflect the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the overall U.S. economy and commercial real estate markets generally. Driven by the general progress around the development and distribution of the COVID-19 vaccines over the last few quarters, those macroeconomic forecasts have been improving, including expectations for unemployment rates and overall economic output. Significant inputs to the Company’s estimate of the allowance for credit losses include loan specific factors such as debt service coverage ratio, or DSCR, loan to value ratio, or LTV, remaining contractual loan term, property type and others. In certain instances, for loans with unique risk characteristics, the Company may instead elect to employ different methods to estimate loan losses that also conform to ASU 2016-13 and related guidance. As of March 31, 2021, the Company has maintained its determination that the recovery of loan principal associated with one hotel senior loan, with an unpaid principal balance of $67.3 million, is collateral-dependent, as further discussed below. As of March 31, 2021, the Company recognized an allowance for credit losses related to its loans held-for-investment of $59.4 million, which reflected a benefit from provision for credit losses of $7.2 million. The allowance for credit losses related to the Company’s loans held-for-investment is deducted from the amortized cost basis of related loans, while the allowance for credit losses related to off-balance sheet unfunded commitments on existing loans is recorded as a component of other liabilities on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of March 31, 2021, the Company recognized $3.6 million in other liabilities related to the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company recognized a benefit from provision for credit losses of $1.9 million on unfunded commitments. Changes in the provision for credit losses for both loans held-for-investment and their related unfunded commitments are recognized through net income on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). The following table presents the changes for the three months ended March 31, 2021 in the allowance for credit losses on loans held-for-investment: Three Months Ended (in thousands) 2021 2020 Balance at beginning of period $ 66,666 $ 16,692 (Benefit from) provision for credit losses (7,233) 45,873 Writeoffs — — Recoveries of amounts previously written off — — Balance at end of period $ 59,433 $ 62,565 Generally, loans held-for-investment are placed on nonaccrual status when delinquent for more than 90 days or when determined not to be probable of full collection. Interest income recognition is suspended when loans are placed on nonaccrual status. As of March 31, 2021, the Company had one senior loan with an unpaid principal balance of $22.3 million and a carrying value of $19.3 million that was held on nonaccrual status. The Company wrote off $0.8 million of accrued interest related to this loan during the three months ended December 31, 2020. Any reversal of accrued interest income is recorded in interest income on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). No other loans were considered past due as of March 31, 2021. The Company’s primary credit quality indicators are its risk ratings. The Company evaluates the credit quality of each loan at least quarterly by assessing the risk factors of each loan and assigning a risk rating based on a variety of factors. Risk factors include property type, geographic and local market dynamics, physical condition, leasing and tenant profile, projected cash flow, loan structure and exit plan, LTV, project sponsorship and other factors deemed necessary. Risk ratings are defined as follows: 1 – Lower Risk 2 – Average Risk 3 – Acceptable Risk 4 – Higher Risk: A loan that has exhibited material deterioration in cash flows and/or other credit factors, which, if negative trends continue, could be indicative of probability of principal loss. 5 – Loss Likely: A loan that has a significantly increased probability of principal loss. The following table presents the number of loans, unpaid principal balance and carrying value by risk rating for loans held-for-investment as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020: (dollars in thousands) March 31, December 31, Risk Rating Number of Loans Unpaid Principal Balance Carrying Value Number of Loans Unpaid Principal Balance Carrying Value 1 6 $ 183,564 $ 183,110 6 $ 183,369 $ 182,730 2 50 1,884,413 1,866,732 50 1,863,590 1,847,332 3 27 993,656 979,628 29 1,055,782 1,026,662 4 16 743,735 711,452 17 762,636 732,310 5 1 67,255 58,914 1 67,057 58,769 Total 100 $ 3,872,623 $ 3,799,836 103 $ 3,932,434 $ 3,847,803 As of March 31, 2021, the Company held one senior loan with an unpaid principal balance of $67.3 million with a risk rating of “5.” The Company determined that the recovery of its loan principal is collateral-dependent. Accordingly, this loan was assessed individually and the Company has elected to apply a practical expedient in accordance with ASU 2016-13, and an allowance for credit loss of $8.3 million is recorded on this loan using the discounted cash flow method of valuation to reduce the carrying value of the loan to the estimated fair value of the property less the estimated cost to foreclose and sell the property. The loan had been previously modified and, during the three months ended December 31, 2020, the Company negotiated with the borrower a new short-term extension of the prior modification, which was accounted for as a troubled debt restructuring under GAAP. The Company is evaluating a variety of potential options with respect to the resolution of this loan, which, among other things, may include a sale or negotiated deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. The estimate of the fair value of the hotel collateral was developed using a discounted cash flow model and Level 3 inputs, which required significant judgment and included estimates of: (i) property cash flows over a specific holding period, (ii) forecasted submarket hotel revenue per available room, or RevPAR, rates and subject RevPAR penetration, (iii) operating expenses, (iv) property and income taxes, (v) the borrower’s exit plan and related costs, (vi) capitalization and discount rates, and (vii) overall market conditions. These inputs were in part developed based on discussions with various market participants and management’s best estimates as of the valuation date. The following table presents the carrying value of loans held-for-investment as of March 31, 2021 and 2020 by risk rating and year of origination: March 31, 2021 (dollars in thousands) Origination Year Risk Rating 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Total 1 (Low Risk) $ — $ 18,322 $ 75,639 $ 55,552 $ 33,597 $ — $ 183,110 2 (Average Risk) 77,609 1,110,218 439,391 148,010 37,069 54,435 1,866,732 3 (Acceptable Risk) 12,961 315,427 333,761 249,408 68,071 — 979,628 4 (Higher Risk) 42,478 110,949 215,920 197,681 — 144,424 711,452 5 (Loss Likely) — 58,914 — — — — 58,914 Total $ 133,048 $ 1,613,830 $ 1,064,711 $ 650,651 $ 138,737 $ 198,859 $ 3,799,836 March 31, 2020 (dollars in thousands) Origination Year Risk Rating 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Total 1 (Low Risk) $ — $ — $ 49,269 $ 21,290 $ 33,330 $ — $ 103,889 2 (Average Risk) 122,649 1,513,409 892,526 584,385 186,142 109,813 3,408,924 3 (Acceptable Risk) — 84,461 233,342 189,622 — 126,554 633,979 4 (High Risk) — — 38,793 65,666 — — 104,459 5 (Loss Likely) — — — — — — — Total $ 122,649 $ 1,597,870 $ 1,213,930 $ 860,963 $ 219,472 $ 236,367 $ 4,251,251 |