Loans Held-for-Investment, Net of Allowance for Credit Losses | Loans Held-for-Investment, Net of Allowance for Credit Losses The Company originates and acquires commercial real estate debt and related instruments generally to be held as long-term investments. These assets are classified as “loans held-for-investment” on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Loans held-for-investment are reported at cost, net of any unamortized acquisition premiums or discounts, loan fees, origination costs and allowance for credit losses, as applicable. The following tables summarize the Company’s loans held-for-investment by asset type, property type and geographic location as of June 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021: June 30, (dollars in thousands) Senior Loans (1) Mezzanine Loans B-Notes Total Unpaid principal balance $ 3,875,237 $ 356 $ 13,886 $ 3,889,479 Unamortized (discount) premium (55) — — (55) Unamortized net deferred origination fees (12,130) — — (12,130) Allowance for credit losses (46,188) (356) (736) (47,280) Carrying value $ 3,816,864 $ — $ 13,150 $ 3,830,014 Unfunded commitments $ 358,705 $ — $ — $ 358,705 Number of loans 102 1 1 104 Weighted average coupon 4.6 % 13.0 % 8.0 % 4.6 % Weighted average years to maturity (2) 1.0 3.4 4.6 1.0 December 31, (dollars in thousands) Senior Loans (1) Mezzanine Loans B-Notes Total Unpaid principal balance $ 3,781,771 $ 1,048 $ 14,006 $ 3,796,825 Unamortized (discount) premium (70) — — (70) Unamortized net deferred origination fees (14,550) — — (14,550) Allowance for credit losses (38,719) (1,048) (1,130) (40,897) Carrying value $ 3,728,432 $ — $ 12,876 $ 3,741,308 Unfunded commitments $ 403,584 $ — $ — $ 403,584 Number of loans 103 1 1 105 Weighted average coupon 4.5 % 13.0 % 8.0 % 4.5 % Weighted average years to maturity (2) 1.1 3.9 5.1 1.1 ____________________ (1) Loans primarily secured by a first priority lien on commercial real property and related personal property and also includes, when applicable, any companion subordinate loans. (2) Based on contractual maturity date. Certain loans are subject to contractual extension options with such conditions stipulated in the applicable loan documents. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities stated herein as certain borrowers may have the right to prepay with or without paying a prepayment fee. The Company may also extend contractual maturities in connection with certain loan modifications. (dollars in thousands) June 30, December 31, Property Type Carrying Value % of Loan Portfolio Carrying Value % of Loan Portfolio Office $ 1,663,577 43.4 % $ 1,703,951 45.5 % Multifamily 1,090,106 28.5 % 1,061,434 28.4 % Hotel 460,432 12.0 % 464,816 12.4 % Retail 347,287 9.1 % 341,834 9.1 % Industrial 181,871 4.7 % 118,564 3.2 % Other 86,741 2.3 % 50,709 1.4 % Total $ 3,830,014 100.0 % $ 3,741,308 100.0 % (dollars in thousands) June 30, December 31, Geographic Location Carrying Value % of Loan Portfolio Carrying Value % of Loan Portfolio Northeast $ 976,965 25.5 % $ 917,029 24.5 % Southwest 869,316 22.7 % 836,955 22.4 % West 660,173 17.2 % 658,429 17.6 % Midwest 649,233 17.0 % 637,784 17.0 % Southeast 674,327 17.6 % 691,111 18.5 % Total $ 3,830,014 100.0 % $ 3,741,308 100.0 % At June 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021, the Company pledged loans held-for-investment with a carrying value, net of allowance for credit losses, of $3.6 billion and $3.7 billion, respectively, as collateral under repurchase facilities, a term financing facility, an asset-specific financing facility and securitized debt obligations. See Note 4 - Variable Interest Entities and Securitized Debt Obligations and Note 5 - Secured Financing Agreements. The following table summarizes activity related to loans held-for-investment, net of allowance for credit losses, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, and 2021: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, (in thousands) 2022 2021 2022 2021 Balance at beginning of period $ 3,750,470 $ 3,799,836 $ 3,741,308 $ 3,847,803 Originations, additional fundings, upsizing of loans and capitalized deferred interest 212,245 197,838 385,110 239,615 Repayments (120,107) (422,969) (238,490) (524,557) Loan sales — — (43,714) — Net discount accretion (premium amortization) 7 4 16 11 Increase in net deferred origination fees (2,318) (2,305) (4,558) (2,339) Amortization of net deferred origination fees 2,843 3,478 6,832 8,116 (Provision for) benefit from credit losses (13,126) 1,762 (16,490) 8,995 Balance at end of period $ 3,830,014 $ 3,577,644 $ 3,830,014 $ 3,577,644 Allowance for Credit Losses Subsequent to the adoption of ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020, to estimate and recognize an allowance for credit losses on loans held-for-investment and the related unfunded commitments, the Company continues to use a third-party licensed probability-weighted analytical model. The Company employs quarterly updated macroeconomic forecasts, which reflect expectations for overall economic output, interest rates, values of real estate properties and other factors, including the ongoing impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical instability and the Federal Reserve monetary policy on the overall U.S. economy and commercial real estate markets generally. Significant inputs to the Company’s estimate of the allowance for credit losses include loan specific factors such as debt service coverage ratio, or DSCR, loan to value ratio, or LTV, remaining contractual loan term, property type and others. As part of the quarterly review of the portfolio, the Company assesses the expected repayment date of each loan, which is used to determine the contractual term for purposes of computing the current expected credit loss, or CECL, reserve. In certain instances, for loans with unique risk and credit characteristics, the Company may instead elect to employ different methods to estimate an allowance for credit losses that also conform to ASU 2016-13 and related guidance. As of June 30, 2022, the Company recognized an allowance for credit losses related to its loans held-for-investment of $47.3 million, which reflects a total increase in the provision for credit losses of $13.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022. The increase of $13.1 million includes a $4.0 million increase in the allowance for credit losses related to an office loan with an unpaid balance of $93.8 million that was individually assessed in accordance with ASU 2016-13 during the three months ended June 30, 2022, as further discussed below. The other loan that was individually assessed during the three months ended June 30, 2022, had been previously reserved for and there was no change in the reserve during the three months ended June 30, 2022. The remaining increase in the Company’s provision for credit losses was related to changes in the portfolio mix and implementing in its analysis a more conservative macroeconomic forecast driven by an elevated uncertainty for the macroeconomic outlook due to inflationary pressures, continuing supply chain disruptions, interest rate volatility and other factors, moderately offset by a recovery of $0.5 million on amounts previously written off. The allowance for credit losses related to the Company’s loans held-for-investment is deducted from the amortized cost basis of related loans, while the allowance for credit losses related to off-balance sheet unfunded commitments on existing loans is recorded as a component of other liabilities on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of June 30, 2022, the Company recognized $2.8 million in other liabilities related to the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments and recorded a provision for credit losses of $1.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022. Changes in the provision for credit losses for both loans held-for-investment and their related unfunded commitments are recognized through net (loss) income on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The following table presents the changes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, and 2021 in the allowance for credit losses on loans held-for-investment: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, (in thousands) 2022 2021 2022 2021 Balance at beginning of period $ 34,154 $ 59,433 $ 40,897 $ 66,666 Provision for (benefit from) credit losses 13,638 (1,762) 17,002 (8,995) Write-off — — (10,107) — Recoveries of amounts previously written off (512) — (512) — Balance at end of period $ 47,280 $ 57,671 $ 47,280 $ 57,671 During the three months ended June 30, 2022, a first mortgage loan with a principal balance of $93.8 million was downgraded to a risk rating of “5” as a result of the continued adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on leasing for the collateral property, an office building in downtown San Diego, CA (see “Loan Risk Ratings” below). The Company determined that the recovery of its loan principal is collateral-dependent. Accordingly, this loan was assessed individually, and the Company has elected to apply a practical expedient in accordance with ASU 2016-13. At June 30, 2022, the Company recorded an allowance for credit loss of $4.5 million on the unpaid principal balance of this loan based on the Company’s estimate of fair value using the estimated proceeds available from the sale of the collateral property less the estimated cost to sell the property. Additionally, as of June 30, 2022, the Company placed this loan on nonaccrual status. During the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company resolved a senior loan that had an outstanding unpaid principal balance of $54.0 million. The loan had been previously placed on nonaccrual status. The Company recognized a write-off of $10.1 million on the sale of the loan. Generally, loans held-for-investment are placed on nonaccrual status when delinquent for more than 90 days or earlier when determined not to be probable of full collection. Interest income recognition is suspended when loans are placed on nonaccrual status. As of June 30, 2022, the Company has two senior loans with a total unpaid principal balance of $207.9 million and carrying value of $188.8 million that are held on nonaccrual status. No other loans were considered past due, and no other loans were held on nonaccrual status as of June 30, 2022. The following table presents the carrying value of loans held-for-investment on nonaccrual status for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, and 2021: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, (in thousands) 2022 2021 2022 2021 Nonaccrual loan carrying value at beginning of period $ 99,527 $ 19,264 $ 145,370 $ 17,835 Addition of nonaccrual loan carrying value $ 89,312 $ 205,851 $ 89,323 $ 207,280 Removal of nonaccrual loan carrying value $ — $ — $ (45,854) $ — Nonaccrual loan carrying value at end of period $ 188,839 $ 225,115 $ 188,839 $ 225,115 Loan Risk Ratings The Company’s primary credit quality indicators are its risk ratings. The Company evaluates the credit quality of each loan at least quarterly by assessing the risk factors of each loan and assigning a risk rating based on a variety of factors. Risk factors include property type, geographic and local market dynamics, physical condition, leasing and tenant profile, projected cash flow, loan structure and exit plan, LTV, project sponsorship and other factors deemed necessary. Risk ratings are defined as follows: 1 – Lower Risk 2 – Average Risk 3 – Acceptable Risk 4 – Higher Risk: A loan that has exhibited material deterioration in cash flows and/or other credit factors, which, if negative trends continue, could be indicative of probability of principal loss. 5 – Loss Likely: A loan that has a significantly increased probability of principal loss. The following table presents the number of loans, unpaid principal balance and carrying value by risk rating for loans held-for-investment as of June 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021: (dollars in thousands) June 30, December 31, Risk Rating Number of Loans Unpaid Principal Balance Carrying Value Number of Loans Unpaid Principal Balance Carrying Value 1 8 $ 292,285 $ 291,458 9 $ 245,939 $ 245,042 2 59 2,083,389 2,060,713 58 2,002,008 1,983,615 3 27 869,253 861,050 25 747,631 739,343 4 8 436,641 427,954 11 633,153 627,938 5 2 207,911 188,839 2 168,094 145,370 Total 104 $ 3,889,479 $ 3,830,014 105 $ 3,796,825 $ 3,741,308 As of June 30, 2022, the weighted average risk rating of the Company’s portfolio was 2.5, weighted by unpaid principal balance, versus 2.5 as of March 31, 2022, and 2.6 as of December 31, 2021. The portfolio risk rating was largely unchanged versus the period ended March 31, 2022, as changes in portfolio mix from new loan originations largely offset select ratings downgrades as of June 30, 2022. The moderate improvement in the portfolio’s weighted average risk rating as of June 30, 2022, as compared to the period ended December 31, 2021, reflects originations of new loans and improvement in the performance of the properties securing select loans within the Company’s loan portfolio, which were partially offset by risk rating downgrades of several loans experiencing delays in execution of business plan for the collateral properties. The following table presents the carrying value of loans held-for-investment as of June 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021, by risk rating and year of origination: June 30, 2022 (in thousands) Origination Year Risk Rating 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Total 1 $ — $ — $ — $ 201,471 $ 56,873 $ — $ 33,114 $ 291,458 2 $ 296,422 $ 583,416 $ 136,674 $ 673,879 $ 269,359 $ 13,150 $ 87,813 $ 2,060,713 3 $ — $ 47,860 $ 18,250 $ 280,228 $ 270,320 $ 152,935 $ 91,457 $ 861,050 4 $ — $ — $ — $ 91,113 $ 53,083 $ 166,176 $ 117,582 $ 427,954 5 $ — $ — $ — $ 89,312 $ 99,527 $ — $ — $ 188,839 Total $ 296,422 $ 631,276 $ 154,924 $ 1,336,003 $ 749,162 $ 332,261 $ 329,966 $ 3,830,014 December 31, 2021 (in thousands) Origination Year Risk Rating 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Total 1 — — 136,138 75,592 — 33,312 — $ 245,042 2 623,992 90,381 828,432 347,173 12,877 31,872 48,888 $ 1,983,615 3 45,062 59,186 147,214 242,662 153,732 68,012 23,475 $ 739,343 4 — — 260,672 74,808 173,081 — 119,377 $ 627,938 5 — — — 99,515 45,855 — — $ 145,370 Total $ 669,054 $ 149,567 $ 1,372,456 $ 839,750 $ 385,545 $ 133,196 $ 191,740 $ 3,741,308 |