Supplemental Information on Oil and Natural Gas Operations (Unaudited) | Note 14 – Supplemental Information on Oil and Natural Gas Operations (Unaudited) The Company’s oil and natural gas reserves are attributable solely to properties within the United States. Discontinued operations information comprising of the RNR interests which were not acquired in the Transactions have not been included in the Supplemental Information for Crude Oil Producing Activities for each period presented below. Capitalized oil and natural gas costs Aggregate capitalized costs related to oil and natural gas production activities with applicable accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization are as follows: As of December 31, 2018 2017 (in thousands) Proved royalty interest $ 307,438 $ 435,808 Unproved royalty interests 19,335 19,200 Accumulated amortization (117,605 ) (150,345 ) Net royalty interests in oil and natural gas properties $ 209,168 $ 304,663 Costs incurred in oil and natural gas activities Costs incurred in oil and natural gas property acquisitions, exploration and development activities are as follows: December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Acquisition costs: Proved properties $ 207 $ - $ - Unproved properties 1,008 - - Total $ 1,215 $ - $ - Results of operations from oil and natural gas producing activities The following table sets forth the revenues and expenses related to the production and sale of oil and natural gas. It does not include any interest costs or general and administrative costs and, therefore, is not necessarily indicative of the contribution to the net operating results of the Company’s oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids operations. December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Royalty income $ 98,655 $ 95,972 $ 70,964 Production and ad valorem taxes (5,143 ) (5,242 ) (4,531 ) Marketing and transportation (2,368 ) (6,505 ) (6,605 ) Depletion (16,962 ) (33,837 ) (35,840 ) Income tax expense (3,292 ) - - Results of operations from oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids $ 70,890 $ 50,388 $ 23,988 Oil and Natural Gas Reserves Proved oil and gas reserve estimates as of December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 were prepared by Ryder Scott Company, L.P. independent petroleum engineers. Proved reserves were estimated in accordance with guidelines established by the SEC, which require that reserve estimates be prepared under existing economic and operating conditions based upon the 12-month unweighted average of the first-day-of-the-month prices. There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of proved oil and natural gas reserves. Oil and natural gas reserve engineering is a subjective process of estimating underground accumulations of oil and natural gas that cannot be precisely measured and the accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data and of engineering and geological interpretation and judgment. Results of drilling, testing and production subsequent to the date of the estimate may justify revision of such estimate. Accordingly, reserve estimates are often different from the quantities of oil and natural gas that are ultimately recovered. The changes in estimated proved reserves are as follows: Oil Natural Gas Natural Gas Liquids (MBbls) (MMcf) (MBbls) Proved Developed and Undeveloped Reserves: As of December 31, 2015 21,460 56,880 5,791 Purchase of reserves in place - - - Extensions and discoveries 1,107 2,451 329 Revisions of previous estimates (8,265 ) (22,015 ) (2,046 ) Production (1,400 ) (4,081 ) (508 ) As of December 31, 2016 12,902 33,235 3,566 Purchase of reserves in place Extensions and discoveries 1,581 5,194 431 Revisions of previous estimates 6,227 28,574 1,428 Divestiture of reserves (1,228 ) (3,767 ) (582 ) Production (1,406 ) (4,446 ) (525 ) As of December 31, 2017 18,076 58,790 4,318 Purchase of reserves in place 23 83 13 Extensions and discoveries - - - Revisions of previous estimates 421 7,514 86 Divestiture of reserves (2,150 ) (6,155 ) (969 ) Production (1,158 ) (4,047 ) (285 ) As of December 31, 2018 15,212 56,185 3,163 Proved Developed Reserves December 31, 2016 5,810 18,863 2,274 December 31, 2017 5,344 20,043 1,705 December 31, 2018 3,857 18,700 1,293 Proved Undeveloped Reserves: December 31, 2016 7,092 14,372 1,292 December 31, 2017 12,732 38,747 2,613 December 31, 2018 11,355 37,485 1,870 Revisions represent changes in previous reserves estimates, either upward or downward, resulting from new information normally obtained from development drilling and production history or resulting from a change in economic factors, such as commodity prices, operating costs or development costs. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company’s positive revisions of 1,759 MBoe resulted primarily from the drilling of 92 new wells and from 225 new proved undeveloped locations added. The purchase of reserves in place of 50 MBoe were due to multiple acquisitions primarily located in Karnes county within the Eagle Ford Shale. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company’s extensions and discoveries (1) During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company’s extensions and discoveries (1) (1) Starting in 2018, the Company will disclose new PUD locations and wells drilled in established intervals will be classified as “positive revisions” Standardized Measure of Discounted Cash Flows The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows are based on the unweighted average, first-day-of-the-month price. The projections should not be viewed as realistic estimates of future cash flows, nor should the “standardized measure” be interpreted as representing current value to the Company. Material revisions to estimates of proved reserves may occur in the future; development and production of the reserves may not occur in the periods assumed; actual prices realized are expected to vary significantly from those used; and actual costs may vary. The following table sets forth the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows attributable to the Company’s proved oil and natural gas reserves as of December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016: December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Future cash inflows $ 1,265,153 $ 1,158,687 $ 630,292 Future production costs (98,672 ) (116,121 ) (77,956 ) Future income tax expense (87,803 ) - - Future net cash flows 1,078,678 1,042,566 552,336 10% discount to reflect timing of cash flows (469,808 ) (446,987 ) (225,937 ) Standardized measure of discounted cash flows $ 608,870 $ 595,579 $ 326,399 In the table below the average first-day-of–the-month price for oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids is presented, all utilized in the computation of future cash inflows: December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Unweighted Arithmetic Average First-Day-of-the-Month Prices Oil (per Bbl) $ 65.56 $ 51.34 $ 42.75 Natural gas (per Mcf) $ 3.10 $ 2.98 $ 2.49 Natural gas liquids (per Bbl) $ 25.57 $ 19.51 $ 12.40 Principal changes in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows attributable to the Company’s proved reserves are as follows: December 31, 2018 2017 2016 (in thousands) Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows at the beginning of the period $ 595,579 $ 326,399 $ 597,677 Purchase of minerals in place 1,092 - - Sales of oil and natural gas, net of production costs (91,180 ) (84,225 ) (59,829 ) Extensions and discoveries - 53,076 27,555 Net changes in prices and production costs 165,659 68,978 (43,287 ) Revisions of previous quantity estimates 41,728 260,567 (232,776 ) Divestiture of reserves (73,755 ) (42,821 ) - Net changes in income taxes (49,758 ) - - Accretion of discount 59,558 32,640 43,289 Net changes in timing of production and other (40,053 ) (19,035 ) (6,230 ) Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows at the end of the period $ 608,870 $ 595,579 $ 326,399 |