Derivatives | Derivatives We utilize derivatives, such as swaps, puts, calls and collars, to hedge a portion of our forecasted oil and gas production and gas purchases to reduce exposure to fluctuations in oil and natural gas prices, which addresses our market risk. In addition to satisfying the oil hedging requirements of the 2021 RBL Facility, we target covering our operating expenses and a majority of our fixed charges, which includes capital needed to sustain production levels, as well as interest and fixed dividends as applicable, with the oil and gas sales hedges for a period of up to three years out. Additionally, we target fixing the price for a large portion of our natural gas purchases used in our steam operations for up to three years. We have also entered into Utah gas transportation contracts to help reduce the price fluctuation exposure, however these do not qualify as hedges. We also, from time to time, have entered into agreements to purchase a portion of the natural gas we require for our operations, which we do not record at fair value as derivatives because they qualify for normal purchases and normal sales exclusions. We had no such transactions in the periods presented. For fixed-price oil and gas sales swaps, we are the seller, so we make settlement payments for prices above the indicated weighted-average price per bbl and per mmbtu, respectively, and receive settlement payments for prices below the indicated weighted-average price per bbl and per mmbtu, respectively. For our purchased puts, we would receive settlement payments for prices below the indicated weighted-average price per barrel, net of any deferred premium. No payment would be made or received for prices above the indicated weighted-average price per barrel, other than any applicable deferred premium. For our sold puts, we would make settlement payments for prices below the indicated weighted-average price per barrel, net of any deferred premium. No payment would be made or received for prices above the indicated weighted-average price per barrel, other than any applicable deferred premium. For our sold call options, we would make settlement payments for prices above the indicated weighted-average price per barrel, net of any deferred premium. No payment would be made or received for prices above the indicated weighted-average price per barrel, other than any applicable deferred premium. A consumer collar is used for the purchase of fuel gas and is the combination of buying a call option and selling a put option. We would receive settlement payments for prices above the indicated weighted-average price of the call option and we would make settlement payments for prices below the indicated weighted-average price of the put option. No payment would be made or received for prices above the indicated weighted-average price per barrel, other than any applicable deferred premium. For natural gas basis swaps, we make settlement payments if the difference between NWPL and Henry Hub is below the indicated weighted-average price of our contracts and receive settlement payments if the difference between NWPL and Henry Hub is above the indicated weighted-average price. For some of our options we paid or received a premium at the time the positions were created and for others, the premium payment or receipt is deferred until the time of settlement. As of March 31, 2023 we have net payable deferred premiums of approximately $4 million, which is reflected in the mark-to-market valuation and will be payable through December 31, 2024. We use oil and gas production hedges to protect our sales against decreases in oil and gas prices. We also use natural gas purchase hedges to protect our natural gas purchases against increases in prices. We do not enter into derivative contracts for speculative trading purposes and have not accounted for our derivatives as cash-flow or fair-value hedges. The changes in fair value of these instruments are recorded in current earnings. Gains (losses) on oil and gas sales hedges are classified in the revenues and other section of the statement of operations, while natural gas purchase hedges are included in expenses and other section of the statement of operations. As of March 31, 2023, we had the following crude oil production and gas purchases hedges. Q2 2023 Q3 2023 Q4 2023 FY 2024 FY 2025 FY 2026 Brent - Crude Oil production Swaps Hedged volume (bbls) 1,387,750 1,211,717 1,196,000 3,412,817 99,337 9,518 Weighted-average price ($/bbl) $ 77.01 $ 76.26 $ 76.18 $ 76.07 $ 71.55 $ 71.55 Sold Calls Hedged volume (bbls) 364,000 368,000 368,000 1,098,000 2,486,127 472,500 Weighted-average price ($/bbl) $ 106.00 $ 106.00 $ 106.00 $ 105.00 $ 91.11 $ 82.21 Purchased Puts (net) (1) Hedged volume (bbls) 546,000 552,000 552,000 1,281,000 2,486,127 472,500 Weighted-average price ($/bbl) $ 50.00 $ 50.00 $ 50.00 $ 50.00 $ 58.53 $ 60.00 Sold Puts (net) (1) Hedged volume (bbls) 132,668 184,000 154,116 183,000 — — Weighted-average price ($/bbl) $ 40.00 $ 40.00 $ 40.00 $ 40.00 $ — $ — Henry Hub - Natural Gas purchases Consumer Collars Hedged volume (mmbtu) 1,820,000 — — — — — Weighted-average price ($/mmbtu) $4.00/$2.75 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — NWPL - Natural Gas purchases Swaps Hedged volume (mmbtu) 3,640,000 3,680,000 3,680,000 7,320,000 6,080,000 — Weighted-average price ($/mmbtu) $ 5.34 $ 5.34 $ 5.34 $ 4.27 $ 4.27 $ — Gas Basis Differentials NWPL/HH - basis swaps Hedged volume (mmbtu) — — 610,000 — — — Weighted-average price ($/mmbtu) $ — $ — $ 1.12 $ — $ — $ — __________ (1) Purchase puts and sold puts with the same strike price have been presented on a net basis. In addition to the table above, in April 2023, we added a natural gas purchase swap (NWPL) of 10,000 mmbtu/d at $4.10 beginning January 2024 through December 2024. Our commodity derivatives are measured at fair value using industry-standard models with various inputs including publicly available underlying commodity prices and forward curves, and all are classified as Level 2 in the required fair value hierarchy for the periods presented. These commodity derivatives are subject to counterparty netting. The following tables present the fair values (gross and net) of our outstanding derivatives as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022: March 31, 2023 Balance Sheet Gross Amounts Gross Amounts Offset Net Fair Value Presented (in thousands) Assets: Commodity Contracts Current assets $ 23,352 $ (22,855) $ 497 Commodity Contracts Non-current assets 46,315 (40,457) 5,858 Liabilities: Commodity Contracts Current liabilities (43,331) 22,855 (20,476) Commodity Contracts Non-current liabilities (43,012) 40,457 (2,555) Total derivatives $ (16,676) $ — $ (16,676) December 31, 2022 Balance Sheet Gross Amounts Gross Amounts Offset Net Fair Value Presented (in thousands) Assets: Commodity Contracts Current assets $ 66,974 $ (30,607) $ 36,367 Commodity Contracts Non-current assets 39,886 (39,810) 76 Liabilities: Commodity Contracts Current liabilities (61,713) 30,607 (31,106) Commodity Contracts Non-current liabilities (53,452) 39,810 (13,642) Total derivatives $ (8,305) $ — $ (8,305) By using derivative instruments to economically hedge exposure to changes in commodity prices, we expose ourselves to credit risk. Credit risk is the failure of the counterparty to perform under the terms of the derivative contract. When the fair value of a derivative contract is positive, the counterparty owes us, which creates credit risk. We do not receive collateral from our counterparties. We minimize the credit risk in derivative instruments by limiting our exposure to any single counterparty. In addition, our 2021 RBL Facility prevents us from entering into hedging arrangements that are secured, except with our lenders and their affiliates that have margin call requirements, that otherwise require us to provide collateral or with a non-lender counterparty that does not have an A or A2 credit rating or better from Standards & Poor’s or Moody’s, respectively. In accordance with our standard practice, our commodity derivatives are subject to counterparty netting under agreements governing such derivatives which partially mitigates the counterparty nonperformance risk. |