LOANS | 4. LOANS The Company’s loan portfolio at the dates indicated is summarized below: December 31, December 31, 2023 2022 Commercial and industrial (1) $ 162,889 $ 188,538 Construction and land 9,559 13,163 Commercial real estate 1,668,585 1,704,716 Residential 86,002 110,606 Consumer 738 4,183 Total loans 1,927,773 2,021,206 Net deferred loan costs (fees) 56 (82) Allowance for credit losses (2) (22,000) (18,900) Net loans $ 1,905,829 $ 2,002,224 (1) Includes $3.8 million and $11.1 million of SBA PPP loans as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. (2) Allowance for credit losses at December 31, 2023 is estimated under CECL whereas at December 31, 2022, the allowance for loan losses is estimated under the incurred loss methodology. Net loans exclude accrued interest receivable of $6.7 million and $6.2 million at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, which is included in interest receivable and other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the recorded investment in individually evaluated loans on nonaccrual were $13.0 million and $14.3 million, respectively. Interest foregone on nonaccrual loans was approximately $871,000 and $580,000 for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had floating or variable rate loans totaling $1.2 billion and $1.3 billion, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, a total of $985.1 million have interest rate floors, of which $866.6 million, were at their floors. As of December 31, 2022, a total of $965.8 million have interest rate floors, of which $854.0 million were at their floors. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, purchased loans outstanding totaled $137.9 million and $134.5 million respectively. At December 31, 2023, no purchase premiums remained on the purchased loans compared to $10,000 at December 31, 2022. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, none of the purchased loans were past due 30 days or more. These loans are reserved for under the Company’s general allowance component and at December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company has allocated approximately $2.5 million and $1.3 million, respectively, of the allowance for credit losses to the purchased loans. The Company’s total individually evaluated loans, including nonaccrual loans, modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty and accreting PCD loans that have experienced post-acquisition declines in cash flows expected to be collected are summarized as follows: Commercial Construction Commercial and industrial and land real estate Residential Consumer Total December 31, 2023 Recorded investment in loans individually evaluated: With no specific allowance recorded $ 273 $ 366 $ 1,298 $ 1,349 $ — $ 3,286 With a specific allowance recorded 1,799 — 7,745 147 — 9,691 Total recorded investment in loans individually evaluated $ 2,072 $ 366 $ 9,043 $ 1,496 $ — $ 12,977 Specific allowance on loans individually evaluated $ 1,423 $ — $ 3,008 $ 2 $ — $ 4,433 December 31, 2022 Recorded investment in loans individually evaluated: With no specific allowance recorded $ 89 $ — $ 11,706 $ 1,991 $ — $ 13,786 With a specific allowance recorded 789 — 259 214 — 1,262 Total recorded investment in loans individually evaluated $ 878 $ — $ 11,965 $ 2,205 $ — $ 15,048 Specific allowance on loans individually evaluated $ 687 $ — $ 259 $ 222 $ — $ 1,168 From time to time, the Company may extend, restructure, or otherwise modify the terms of existing loans, on a case-by-case basis, to remain competitive and retain certain customers, as well as assist other customers who may be experiencing financial difficulties. Prior to 2023, a modified loan was classified as a TDR if the borrower was experiencing financial difficulties and a concession was made at the time of the modification. TDR loans were generally placed on nonaccrual status at the time of restructuring. These loans were returned to accrual status after the borrower demonstrated performance with the modified terms for a sustained period of time (generally six months) and the capacity to continue to perform in accordance with the modified terms of the restructured debt. Effective January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU No. 2022-02, which eliminated the accounting guidance for TDR loans while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan modifications by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. The Company adopted ASU No. 2022-02 using the prospective transition method. At the date of adoption, the Company was no longer required to utilize a loan-level discounted cash flow approach for determining the allowance for certain modified loans previously classified as TDR loans. The allowance for credit losses on a modified loan did not change as a result of adopting this standard as the Company elected to not change how it measured credit losses on modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. During the year ended December 31, 2023, there were no modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. During the year ended December 31, 2022, there were four total modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, consisting of two commercial real estate loans, one residential real estate loan, and one commercial and industrial loan, respectively which totaled $6.5 million. The type of modification for the four loans were a term extension, with no change to the pre-modification and post modification amortized cost balances. A summary of modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty by type of concession and type of loan, as of the dates indicated, is set forth below (number of loans not in thousands): Number of Rate Term Rate & term % of Total loans modification modification modification Total loans outstanding December 31, 2023 Commercial and industrial 2 $ — $ 125 $ — $ 125 0.08 % Construction and land — — — — — — Commercial real estate 4 — 3,400 — 3,400 0.20 Residential 1 — 778 — 778 0.90 Consumer — — — — — — Total 7 $ — $ 4,303 $ — $ 4,303 0.22 % Number of Rate Term Rate & term % of Total loans modification modification modification Total loans outstanding December 31, 2022 Commercial and industrial 2 $ — $ 19 $ — $ 19 0.01 % Construction and land — — — — — — Commercial real estate 6 — 5,265 — 5,265 0.31 Residential 2 — 975 — 975 0.88 Consumer — — — — — — Total 10 $ — $ 6,259 $ — $ 6,259 0.31 % For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded no charge-offs for modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded a $3.2 million charge-off related to one modified loan to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, individually evaluated modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty had a related allowance of $1.3 million and $393,000, respectively. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, none and $759,000 of modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty were performing in accordance with their modified terms, respectively. Accruing modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty are included in the loans individually evaluated as part of the calculation of the allowance for credit losses for loans. Risk Rating System The Company evaluates and assigns a risk grade to each loan based on certain criteria to assess the credit quality of the loan. The assignment of a risk rating is done for each individual loan. Loans are graded from inception and on a continuing basis until the debt is repaid. Any adverse or beneficial trends will trigger a review of the loan risk rating. Each loan is assigned a risk grade based on its characteristics. Loans with low to average credit risk are assigned a lower risk grade than those with higher credit risk as determined by the individual loan characteristics. Pass loans include loans with acceptable business or individual credit risk where the borrower’s operations, cash flow or financial condition provides evidence of low to average levels of risk. Loans that are assigned higher risk grades are loans that exhibit the following characteristics: Special Mention loans have potential weaknesses that deserve close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in a deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or in the Company’s credit position at some future date. Special Mention loans are not adversely classified and do not expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. A Special Mention rating is a temporary rating, pending the occurrence of an event that would cause the risk rating either to improve or to be downgraded. Loans in this category would be characterized by any of the following situations: ● Credit that is currently protected but is potentially a weak asset; ● Credit that is difficult to manage because of an inadequate loan agreement, the condition of and/or control over collateral, failure to obtain proper documentation, or any other deviation from product lending practices; and ● Adverse financial trends. Substandard loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged. Loans classified substandard must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. Substandard loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. The potential loss does not have to be recognizable in an individual credit for that credit to be risk rated Substandard. A loan can be fully and adequately secured and still be considered Substandard. Some characteristics of Substandard loans are: ● Inability to service debt from ordinary and recurring cash flow; ● Chronic delinquency; ● Reliance upon alternative sources of repayment; ● Term loans that are granted on liberal terms because the borrower cannot service normal payments for that type of debt; ● Repayment dependent upon the liquidation of collateral; ● Inability to perform as agreed, but adequately protected by collateral; ● Necessity to renegotiate payments to a non-standard level to ensure performance; and ● The borrower is bankrupt, or for any other reason, future repayment is dependent on court action. Doubtful loans have all the weaknesses inherent in loans classified as Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, based on currently existing facts, conditions, and value, highly questionable and improbable. Doubtful loans have a high probability of loss, yet certain important and reasonably specific pending factors may work toward the strengthening of the credit. Losses are recognized as charges to the allowance when the loan or portion of the loan is considered uncollectible or at the time of foreclosure. Recoveries on loans previously charged off are credited to the allowance for credit losses. Revolving loans that are converted to term loans are treated as new originations in the tables below and are presented by year of initial origination. During the years ended December 31, 2023, and 2022, $7.1 million and $3.1 million of revolving loans were converted to term loans, respectively. The following tables present a summary of loans by type, internally assigned risk grade, year of origination and current period gross charge-offs at the years indicated: Revolving Term loans - amortized cost by origination year loans 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior amortized cost Total December 31, 2023 Commercial and industrial: Pass $ 26,055 $ 25,039 $ 19,294 $ 22,831 $ 26,008 $ 17,357 $ 17,754 $ 154,338 Special mention — — — 1,323 932 1,926 1,831 6,012 Substandard — — — 156 320 1,039 1,024 2,539 Total commercial and industrial $ 26,055 $ 25,039 $ 19,294 $ 24,310 $ 27,260 $ 20,322 $ 20,609 $ 162,889 YTD gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 27 $ 436 $ — $ 463 Construction and land: Pass $ 1,217 $ 6,040 $ — $ 1,177 $ 109 $ 650 $ — $ 9,193 Special mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — 366 — — — 366 Total construction and land $ 1,217 $ 6,040 $ — $ 1,543 $ 109 $ 650 $ — $ 9,559 Commercial real estate: Pass $ 80,576 $ 397,319 $ 377,165 $ 140,265 $ 180,859 $ 370,887 $ 9,405 $ 1,556,476 Special mention — 10,348 1,894 17,001 15,101 41,482 — 85,826 Substandard — 158 946 — 11,579 13,600 — 26,283 Total commercial real estate $ 80,576 $ 407,825 $ 380,005 $ 157,266 $ 207,539 $ 425,969 $ 9,405 $ 1,668,585 Residential: Pass $ — $ — $ 2,432 $ 4,319 $ 7,986 $ 36,814 $ 32,420 $ 83,971 Special mention — — — — 437 — — 437 Substandard — — — — — 1,594 — 1,594 Total residential $ — $ — $ 2,432 $ 4,319 $ 8,423 $ 38,408 $ 32,420 $ 86,002 YTD gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 172 $ 3 $ 175 Consumer: Pass $ 65 $ 67 $ — $ 6 $ 18 $ 69 $ 494 $ 719 Special mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — 19 — — 19 Total consumer $ 65 $ 67 $ — $ 6 $ 37 $ 69 $ 494 $ 738 YTD gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 5 $ 5 Total loans outstanding Risk ratings Pass $ 107,913 $ 428,465 $ 398,891 $ 168,598 $ 214,980 $ 425,777 $ 60,073 $ 1,804,697 Special mention — 10,348 1,894 18,324 16,470 43,408 1,831 92,275 Substandard — 158 946 522 11,918 16,233 1,024 30,801 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total loans outstanding $ 107,913 $ 438,971 $ 401,731 $ 187,444 $ 243,368 $ 485,418 $ 62,928 $ 1,927,773 YTD gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 27 $ 608 $ 8 $ 643 Revolving Term loans - amortized cost by origination year loans 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior amortized cost Total December 31, 2022 Commercial and industrial: Pass $ 31,599 $ 34,584 $ 35,173 $ 30,632 $ 4,731 $ 25,147 $ 19,962 $ 181,828 Special mention — — — 863 1,149 1,866 1,467 5,345 Substandard — — 40 166 388 762 9 1,365 Total commercial and industrial $ 31,599 $ 34,584 $ 35,213 $ 31,661 $ 6,268 $ 27,775 $ 21,438 $ 188,538 Construction and land: Pass $ 1,381 $ 533 $ 1,586 $ 557 $ 4,363 $ 4,681 $ — $ 13,101 Special mention — — — — 62 — — 62 Substandard — — — — — — — — Total construction and land $ 1,381 $ 533 $ 1,586 $ 557 $ 4,425 $ 4,681 $ — $ 13,163 Commercial real estate: Pass $ 409,014 $ 392,449 $ 159,744 $ 201,561 $ 110,143 $ 355,795 $ 992 $ 1,629,698 Special mention — — 3,591 17,210 7,919 29,561 — 58,281 Substandard — — — 5,184 241 11,312 — 16,737 Total commercial real estate $ 409,014 $ 392,449 $ 163,335 $ 223,955 $ 118,303 $ 396,668 $ 992 $ 1,704,716 Residential: Pass $ 423 $ 4,536 $ 6,343 $ 10,229 $ 14,537 $ 37,170 $ 34,889 $ 108,127 Special mention — — — 244 — — 3 247 Substandard — — 203 — 1,184 845 — 2,232 Total residential $ 423 $ 4,536 $ 6,546 $ 10,473 $ 15,721 $ 38,015 $ 34,892 $ 110,606 Consumer: Pass $ 539 $ 10 $ 1,691 $ 61 $ 40 $ 131 $ 1,690 $ 4,162 Special mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — 21 — — — 21 Total consumer $ 539 $ 10 $ 1,691 $ 82 $ 40 $ 131 $ 1,690 $ 4,183 YTD gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 12 $ 12 $ — 24 Total loans outstanding Risk ratings Pass $ 442,956 $ 432,112 $ 204,536 $ 243,040 $ 133,816 $ 422,924 $ 57,532 $ 1,936,916 Special mention — — 3,590 18,317 9,130 31,428 1,470 63,935 Substandard — — 243 5,371 1,814 12,918 9 20,355 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total loans outstanding $ 442,956 $ 432,112 $ 208,369 $ 266,728 $ 144,760 $ 467,270 $ 59,011 $ 2,021,206 YTD gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 12 $ 12 $ — $ 24 The following tables provide an aging of the Company’s loans receivable as of the years indicated: Recorded 90 Days investment > 30–59 Days 60–89 Days or more Total Total loans 90 days and past due past due past due past due Current PCD loans receivable accruing December 31, 2023 Commercial and industrial $ 803 $ 146 $ 1,782 $ 2,731 $ 159,960 $ 198 $ 162,889 $ — Construction and land 97 — 366 463 9,071 25 9,559 — Commercial real estate 2,908 1,702 7,793 12,403 1,631,129 25,053 1,668,585 — Residential 55 — — 55 85,500 447 86,002 — Consumer — — — — 738 — 738 — Total $ 3,863 $ 1,848 $ 9,941 $ 15,652 $ 1,886,398 $ 25,723 $ 1,927,773 $ — Recorded 90 Days investment > 30–59 Days 60–89 Days or more Total Total loans 90 days and past due past due past due past due Current PCD loans receivable accruing December 31, 2022 Commercial and industrial $ 471 $ 81 $ 858 $ 1,410 $ 183,111 $ 4,017 $ 188,538 $ — Construction and land — — — — 9,109 4,054 13,163 — Commercial real estate 1,064 2,213 7,075 10,352 1,674,327 20,037 1,704,716 934 Residential 101 3 847 951 108,976 679 110,606 — Consumer — — — — 4,183 — 4,183 — Total $ 1,636 $ 2,297 $ 8,780 $ 12,713 $ 1,979,706 $ 28,787 $ 2,021,206 $ 934 Nonaccrual loans totaled $13.0 million and $14.3 million at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Nonaccrual loans guaranteed by a government agency, which reduces the Company’s credit exposure, were $740,000 at December 31, 2023 compared to $839,000 at December 31, 2022. At December 31, 2023, nonaccrual loans included $927,000 of loans 30-89 days past due and $2.1 million of loans less than 30 days past due. At December 31, 2022, nonaccrual loans included $2.5 million of loans 30-89 days past due and $4.0 million of loans less than 30 days past due. At December 31, 2023, nonaccrual loans 30-89 days past due of $927,000 was comprised of five loans and the $2.1 million of loans less than 30 days past due was comprised of 16 loans. All these loans were placed on nonaccrual due to concerns over the financial condition of the borrowers. There were no loans that were 90 days or more past due and still accruing at December 31, 2023 compared to one such loan at December 31, 2022, which had a balance of $934,000 as of that date. Interest foregone on nonaccrual loans was approximately $871,000 for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to $580,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022. Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans The Company adopted ASC 326 using the prospective transition approach for financial assets purchased with credit deterioration that were previously classified as purchase credit impaired (“PCI”) and accounted for under ASC 310-30. The unpaid principal balance and carrying value of the Company’s PCI loans at the years indicated are as follows: December 31, 2022 Unpaid principal Carrying balance value Commercial and industrial $ 4,864 $ 4,017 Construction and land 4,299 4,054 Commercial real estate 21,649 20,037 Residential 829 679 Total $ 31,641 $ 28,787 At December 31, 2022, the accretable and nonaccretable differences were approximately $1.5 million and $1.3 million, respectively. At December 31, 2021, the accretable and nonaccretable differences were approximately $508,000 and $1.5 million, respectively. The Company had $18,000 and no allowance for loan losses for PCI loans during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The following table reflects the changes in the accretable yield of PCI loans for the years indicated: Year ended December 31, 2022 2021 Balance at beginning of period $ 508 $ 383 Additions 1,299 — Removals (134) (183) Transfers from nonaccretable yield 239 145 Accretion (370) 163 Balance at end of period $ 1,542 $ 508 Pledged Loans Our FHLB line of credit is secured under terms of a blanket collateral agreement by a pledge of certain qualifying loans with unpaid principal balances of $1.14 billion and $940.7 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. For additional information, see Note 12, Other Borrowings. |